I-Poinsettia iyingxenye yomndeni we-euphorbia, onezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2 000, ezimnandi emhlabeni wonke. Phakathi konyaka nonyaka kukhona abamele utshani kanye nezihlahlana, izihlahlana nezihlahla. Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziqukethe ijusi le-milky, okuwubuthi obubangela ukucasuka okukhulu. Ama-Poinsettia blooms, aqala ngo-December, lapho adume kakhulu ngokuthi "inkanyezi kaKhisimusi".
Ekhaya - eMexico, eCosta Rica naseGuatemala - i-poinsettia ifinyelela usayizi omkhulu ngokulinganayo (amamitha amathathu ukuphakama), kanti isihlahla esikhulele ekhaya ngeke sisibe sihlahla esidlula i-50 cm. Ngendlela yaso yemvelo, lesi sitshalo sitholakala luhlaza obumnyama amahlamvu we-oval ecijile (iqabunga ngalinye elingu-10-15 cm ubude) nezimbali ezincane ezinombala omncane ezingenakuthengiswa ezakha ama-inflorescence ngendlela yama-rosettes.
Izinhlobo ze-Poinsettia nezinhlobonhlobo
Umhlobiso oyinhloko walesi sitshalo ama-broker ama-kuvutia, ngokuvamile apendwe ngombala obomvu okhanyayo. Vele baba yindaba yokunakekelwa okusondele kakhulu kwalimi abalimi nabafuyi bezitshalo, ngemizamo yazo namuhla izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ezifuywayo:
- ama-poinsettias asendulo ngamabhulokhi abomvu akhanyayo, phakathi kwazo lapho izinhlobo zivelele kakhulu Redfox Premiun Miro ngamabhulashi aphuzi acishe abe mhlophe, Mars futhi Inkululeko ebheke phansi (zombili ngamabhulokhi abomvu acebile);
- ama-poinsettias amahle ngamabhulokhi amhlophe anjengezinhlobonhlobo Ikhuthazelela okumhlophe enomthunzi ophuzi ophuzi wamabhuloki;
- ama-poinsettias amathenda ngamabhulokhi apinki, njengezinhlobonhlobo I-Amazon peppermint - Amabhulokhi akhe aphuzi ngokuphuzi;
- poinsettias ebonakalayo ngamabhulashi aphuzi, atholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo Inkanyezi yesinoni (Amabhulokhi aphuzi ngopinki) no Isithwathwa (ophuzi ophuzi);
- poinsettias ezolile ngamabhulokini ansomi avela ezinhlotsheni UDolce rosa (onsomi okhanyayo onamabala amhlophe angavamile) Ibekezelela i-pink (onsomi okhanyayo) UFloristera pink futhi Imvula yama-Purple (zombili ngombala onsomi);
- ama-poinsettias asekuqaleni ahlukahlukeneamelwe izinhlobo Izinsimbi ze-Eckespoint primero gingle enamabala amhlophe emabhulokini ajulile apinki futhi Izinkumbulo zasebusika zibomvu iphethini elinsomi emabhulashini amhlophe;
- ama-terry poinsettias amahle, ehlukaniswa yindlela engajwayelekile yamabhuleki, ebenza babukeke njengama-roses, njengezinhlobonhlobo Ubusika buqhamuke bomvu ngombala ocebile obomvu onama-brown hue kanye Ubusika buvuke baba mhlophe ngamabhulokhi amhlophe nge-tint ephuzi.
IPinsetia ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Umndeni we-euphorbia uqobo awuyizitshalo ezithandekayo okufanele uzinakekele, kepha i-euphorbia enhle kakhulu (aka poinsettia muhle kunayo yonke) kunzima ukuthi ungalingisi.
I-Poinsettia ekhaya ibhekana kabi nokubhalwa phansi, ukuthathwa kwamanzi, ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa okubukhali nokukhanya okunganele. Phambi kobuncane besimo esisodwa esinqunyelwe, ilahla amahlamvu. Nge-poinsettia, indawo enhle kunazo zonke endlini iwindi elikhanyiswe kahle elikhanyayo.
Funda futhi ukunakekelwa kweColeus ekhaya, kanye nokukhulisa lesi sitshalo kusuka embhalweni ngereferensi.
Ukunisela poinsettia
Isici esibalulekile sokunakekelwa kwe-poinsettia ukuchelela. Ukunisela kwenziwa njengoba ungqimba womhlaba we-substrate dries.
Ehlobo, ziningi, futhi ngokuqala kwekwindla ziyancishiswa, kuyilapho amanzi avela kusobho kufanele akhishwe njalo, ngaleyo ndlela agcine izimpande zisesimweni esihle.
Umhlabathi wePosetset
Inkomba ye-acidity yengxube yenhlabathi inconywa ukuba ikhethwe ebangeni le-5.6-6.5. Ukuvimbela ukufa kwezinwele zezimpande, umswakama womhlabathi kufanele uvikeleke, okusho ukuthi lo mgatshana ongaphansi komhlaba kufanele ube nomoya namanzi kuvunyelwe.
Ukwakheka okuhle kakhulu kuqukethe umhlaba we-turf kanye namaqabunga ngesilinganiso se-3: 2, kanye nenani elilinganayo le-peat nesihlabathi.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Poinsettia
Ukufakwa kwe-poinsettia kwenziwa kangcono ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuphumula - ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhetha imbiza enobukhulu obulungile - enkulu ngokwedlula eyeyedlule ukuze uwafake komunye, uthole igebe lika-1-1.5 cm.
Umanyolo we-poinsettia
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngezigaba ezi-2. Ngezikhathi zentwasahlobo nehlobo, kusetshenziswa umanyolo womhlaba wonke, kufaka phakathi i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium, noma umanyolo wezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezigcwele i-nitrogen.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukusheshisa ukukhula kwe-poinsettia usebenzisa ama-humus, humus noma ama-bird droppings. Esigabeni sesi-2 - kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuNovemba - kusetshenziswa umanyolo wezitshalo zokuhlobisa zezimbali. Lapho izimbali zenzeka, noma yikuphi ukondla kuyamiswa.
I-poinsettia esekwe ekhaya
Ukunquma kuphela kuthinta i-poinsettia. Ukufingqa zonke iziqu ngoMashi ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuzosebenza njengesikhuthazo sokukhula. Okungenani ama-buds ama-5 amasha kufanele ashiywe esiqwini ngasinye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingcezu zingasetshenziswa njengokutshala izinto zezitshalo ezintsha, okuzoxoxwa ngazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi, ehlobo ngezikhathi ezithile zokwenza izihlahla ngokuzicindezela eziqongweni.
I-Poinsettia dormancy
Njengokujwayelekile, i-poinsetia iyeka ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaMashi, lapho ishiya amaqabunga ayo bese ingena esimweni sokuphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungcono ukuthi usike iziqu cishe zingu-1/2 ubude bazo bese ukhetha indawo emnyama noma enombala omnyama kakhulu embizeni, ezokwazi ukufaka isandla ekukhuleni okuhle kwesitshalo kanye nokwakheka kwezimbali.
Ukubona umbuso wezinga lokushisa esifundeni se-10 ℃ (hhayi ngaphezulu, futhi mhlawumbe okungaphansi), ibhodwe lishiywa lapho ukuze ligcinwe izinyanga eziyi-1-2. Isikhathi sokuphumula sonke sidinga ukunisela isitshalo ngamanani amancane kakhulu amanzi, kepha ungqimba lomhlabathi akufanele lume.
Kokubili ukuthenwa kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-poinsetia kumele kwenziwe ngamagilavu avikela izandla zakho enjinini yakhe enobuthi, okungaholela ekucasukeni kwesikhumba nobuthi lapho kungena esiswini.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-Poinsettia
Ukwehla kokukhanya kwemini ngaphansi kophawu ngo-12 o'Star, inkanyezi kaKhisimusi iqala ukulungiselela izimbali, ezifanekiselwa ngokufakwa kwamabhuloksi. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaSepthemba, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ibhodwe livikelekile ekungeneni kokukhanya okuvela endaweni ethile ebusuku (ukukhanya kwenyanga, ukukhanya komgwaqo, kufakwa).
Lokhu kutholakala ngokumboza isitshalo ngebhokisi lekhadibhodi noma ngesikhwama esiminyene se-polyethylene. Kumaviki awu-10, i-poinsettia kufanele ihlale ebumnyameni ngokuphelele okungenani amahora ayi-14 ngosuku, futhi ngisho nokukhanya okuncane kakhulu kungalimaza iwashi layo langaphakathi, okugcina kuholele ekuguqukeni kwesikhathi sezimbali.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ebusika, ushintsho olubi kumazinga okushisa, okusalungiswa nokubanda kuyingozi kakhulu kwi-poinsettia. Ngenkathi lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, kunconywa ukuthi kulondolozwe umswakama egumbini lokushisa nokushisa kwawo kungama-20 ℃ (empeleni akumele kube ngaphansi kwama-16 ℃).
Ukusakazwa kwe-poinsettia ngokusika
I-poinsettia ephumelela kakhulu yendlu isatshalaliswa ngemisiko. Isikhathi esihle salokhu siqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi. Futhi, ukusika izingcezu kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa amagilavu ukugwema ukulimala ujusi onobuthi wesitshalo.
Izimbumbulu ezenziwe njengomphumela wokusika kwentwasahlobo, okwakha ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 cm ubude, kufanele zihlanzwe amaqabunga aphansi, khona-ke izingxenye kufanele zigezwe ngamanzi ukuze kuqedwe ujusi osele.
Ngemuva kwalokho bathatha izinkomishi zepulasitiki ezilahlayo, benze izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi ngaphansi kwabo bese begcwalisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kubo. I-rooting enhle kakhulu itholakala ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezingezansi ngesivuseleli sempande, ngemuva kwalokho amahlumela anamathele ku-substrate ngo-3 cm futhi ambozwe ngefilimu.
Endaweni yezinkomishi, qinisekisa ukungena komoya okujwayelekile kanye nokushisa okukhona okulinganiselwa ku-15-21 ℃. Ukunisela akwenzelwa ukwenza umhlabathi umanzi, kodwa ukuwuthambisa kancane.
Njengoba usudale izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokusika, ukuqothula kwezimbali kungalindelwa ezinyangeni ezi-2, kuthi uma kwenzeka lokhu, ungabeka izinkomishi ngezimbiza ezihlukile bese unakekela izitshalo ezintsha njengabantu abadala.
I-Poinsettia evela embewini ekhaya
Kwezinye izindlela zokuzala, kufanele kuqashelwe okwemvelo - imbewu, kodwa ngenxa yendlu ayifaneleki ngokuphelele, iphansi ukusikwa kuzo zonke izindlela. Ukutholwa kusuka ezinhlamvwini ze-poinsettia ngeke kudle ifa lezimfanelo ezibalulekile zomzali.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Kunezifo eziningi i-poinsettia engangeneka ngazo.
Ezimweni zesilonda ama-mealybugs futhi isikali, izinambuzane ziqedwa ngomshini, zisebenzisa i-swab cwilisa ngotshwala, noma ukugeza isitshalo ngensipho ehlanjululwe emanzini. Ngokuqongelela okukhulu kwezinambuzane eziyingozi, kuyalulekwa ukwelapha ngama-insecticides (i-actar, phytoerm, vermitek).
Ngembali thripswalwa nezindlela ezifanayo (phakathi kwama-insecticides asebenzayo kuleli cala, umuntu kufanele futhi akhethe i-fufanon ne-actellik), kukhombisa amahlamvu asontekile ngeziphene kanye nama-punctures.
Amaqabunga angafika ngaphambi kwesikhathi phenduka ophuzi uwe ngenxa yomoya owomile, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sidinga ukufafazwa okuvunduzayo okusuka ku-fafaza ngamanzi axazululiwe.
Umbala ongafanele futhi amabala uncharacteristic emabakaki (kuphakama amaqabunga) kuphakama ngenxa yamazinga okushisa abukhali, ukondliwa okungajwayelekile kanye namazinga wokukhanya anganele.
