Ukwazi uthando oludumile lwamakhabe, unyaka nonyaka kuhlala abantu bezama ukwenza imali ngayo, besebenzisa izindlela zokungathembeki noma ezingekho emthethweni ngokuphelele. Iningi lalawa masu kuhloswe ngawo ukuthola isivuno sokuqala nokuningi. Ngenxa yalokho, abathengisi nabakhiqizi bezolimo bawina kabili ngoba:
- ube nesikhathi sokubona amakhabe, lapho inqwaba yesitshalo isivuthiwe emibhedeni;
- ukuthola inzuzo eyengeziwe yezithelo ezinesisindo
Ukuphela komuntu olahlekelwa ngumthengi ongelonamo owanqotshwa isilingo futhi wathenga okungenamsebenzi ngokuphelele, kude nokuhlwabusayo njalo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ikhabe eliyingozi. Ngempela, ekuphokopheleni inzuzo, abalimi be-melon abangathembekile, bese kubahwebi, kufanele baye ekwephuleni ubuchwepheshe bezolimo, bagcwalise ukutshala ngamakhemikhali, basebenzise imbewu yekhwalithi engathandeki, futhi futhi, bengabheki imigomo nemibandela yokugcinwa kwezithelo, banikeze ngamakhabe abhuqwe ngamabomu.
Inkinga ihlanganiswa yisiqiniseko sokuthi lapho bethenga isithelo sonke, abantu basika kuphela ngokukhonza, futhi yilapho kuphela ababona khona:
- emithanjeni emhlophe ephuzi namhlophe ekhwameni;
- izindawo ezingafakwanga zepulpiti kanye nemifantu, zihlukanise izingxenye eziningi;
- inyama evilaphayo, nenyama ethosiwe ngaphakathi kwikhabethe;
- imibala engalingani;
- izimpawu zokuvutshelwa.
Futhi kwesinye isikhathi ikhabe elibomvu likashukela, esikhundleni sokuba mnandi, libabayo kakhulu. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Ukuthi wenzeni ikhabe elinje futhi kusho ukuthini ukuthi imicu emhlophe nephuzi epulpiti?
Ivelaphi imithambo emhlophe nephuzi ku-ikhabe?
Imbangela eyinhloko futhi evame kakhulu yobuthi be-watermelon ukusetshenziswa kwenqwaba yomanyolo we-nitrogen lapho ikhula.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-nitrogen iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwezitshalo, nokho, ukuyisebenzisa ngokweqile kwezindlela ezivumelekile, abalimi be-melon bangathola izithelo ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-10 kg ngamaviki ayi-2. Ngemuva kokunisela okuningi nokugqoka okuphezulu ngesisombululo se-nitrate, amakhabe ayakhukhumala, njengokungathi ngemvubelo, futhi esikhundleni sezinsuku ezingama-70-90 ezibekiwe ezichithwa kumakhabe elangeni, aqoqwa cishe inyanga ngaphambili. Umkhiqizi uthola isivuno sokuqala sezithelo ezinkulu, kuphela kulowo nalowo kubo osekwazile ukuqoqa ingxenye efanelekile yenitrate enobuthi kubantu.
Olunye lwezimpawu zokuthi "ubuthi" amakhabe kanye nama-gourds ungena enyameni yamawayini amhlophe aphuzi ku-ikhabe. Akhiwa ngenxa yesenzo samakhemikhali, esenza ukuthi kungabi isiswebhu kuphela, kepha futhi ne-fetus ikhule ngokushesha. Ekuqaleni, le mikhumbi eyingqayizivele imhlophe ngombala futhi inikezela ikhabe elingakavuthiwe ngokudla, kodwa ngaphansi kwethonya le-nitrate, izithelo zikhula ngokushesha futhi zikhula maduze. Ngakho-ke, amathambo amhlophe ku-ikhabe maduze azoba ama-coarser futhi athole i-tint ephuzi noma e-brownish.
Imithamo ephezulu ye-nitrate nama-nitrites aklanywe kuwo emzimbeni angakwazi ukuqongelela futhi kuthuthukise umphumela omubi. Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali e-nitrogen kuthinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, kuphazamisa izinqubo ze-metabolic futhi kuvimbele uhlelo lwezinzwa. Ngenxa yalokho ama-nitrites angena emzimbeni, ukuhlinzekwa kwezicubu ezinomoya-mpilo kuyawohloka, amasosha omzimba ayabhujiswa.
Uma umuntu omdala ebekezelela umthamo we-150-200 mg ngokungenabuhlungu, khona-ke ama-600 mg we-nitrate abangela ukulimala okungapheli. Kepha i-nitrogen compounds ibangela ukulimala okukhulu ezinganeni ezincane, okuthi umthamo we-10 mg ubuthi ube yingozi.
Kungani ikhabe linenyama enyumbile ngaphakathi?
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inqubo ebangelwa ama-nitrate iyaqhubeka ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwesilimo “samakhemikhali” esinjalo. Kuliqiniso, ikhabe alisakhuli, kepha izicubu ezikuyo ziyashintsha. Noma ixoshwe ngokuluhlaza, ngokushesha iphenduka ibomvu, bese imikhumbi emhlophe ijika aphuzi. Futhi emavikini ambalwa emva kokuvunwa, inyama engaphakathi kwikhabethe iyakhululeka, ibumbekile futhi imnandi kancane.
Lapho usika isithelo esithelwa ngama-nitrate, silele kancane kwikhawunta, ngaphezu kwemifino ephuzi ekhwameni, kutholakala izigaba zepulpiti eziphuzi eziphuziwe, ezisukela kububanzi obuvela ku-2 kuye ku-50 mm. Ukusetshenziswa kwekhabethe elinjalo kubantu abanempilo kungadala imiphumela engemihle kakhulu, futhi ngokunembe ngokwengeziwe ngeke kulethe injabulo. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-nitrate kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yekhwalithi elibi yokuphela kwamakhabe, kepha eqinisweni ungahlangabezana nezikhathi ezingemnandi kakhulu.
Ukubuza lo mbuzo: "Kungani ikhabe elingaphakathi alikhululekile futhi alimnandi nakancane?", Umthengi angahle athole isithelo esigciniwe isikhathi eside. Amaviki ambalwa elangeni elihangulayo lanele ukuba ikhabe elikhishwe esithandweni lilahle umswakama, bese inyama yalo ithatha uhlobo lwamabele abomvu noma amhlophe qwa. Imvamisa, le nqubo iqala ukusuka endaweni lapho imbewu ihlwelwe khona, bese isakazekela enkanjini.
Kungani ikhabe libabaza?
Uma imicu yama-coarse epulpiti, izinguquko ngombala wayo nokwakheka kwayo, okubonisa ikhwalithi engekuhle ye-ikhabe, kulula ukuyibona ngokushesha lapho isikiwe, khona-ke izithelo ezibabayo nakanjani kuzofanele zinambwe okungenani kanye.
Kungani ikhabe lidume ngobumnandi balo? Kunezimpendulo eziningana ezingaba khona. Imvamisa, abathengi kufanele babhekane nezithelo ezifakiwe esele, ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo noma ngenxa yokuchayeka kuma-nitrate, balahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwabo kwasekuqaleni.
Ngenxa ye-saltpeter, engene esibelethweni, ikhula ngokushesha, ifinyelela isisindo esingama-10-20 kg. Lapho-ke abalimi be-melon abangathembekile bashiya amakhabe ukuthi avuthwe ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho izithelo ziba bomvu, kepha, maye, azitholi ubumnandi obufanele. Ngenxa yalokho, i-5-6% eqoqiwe ye-fructose ne-glucose iphenduka i-sucrose, futhi ngokushesha inyama iqala ukuphenduka imuncu, ishintshe ukunambitheka kube okumuncu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isithelo esidala esidwetshwe ngama-nitrate sithengiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi i-cucurbitacin, into ebhekene nolaka lwamakhukhamba ne-momordica, kufanele isolwe ngokunambitheka kwayo okungathandeki. Emamakhwapheni avuthiwe aqukethe inani elincane, kepha ngamaqabunga aluhlaza, obangela ubuhlungu esiswini nokugaya ubuthi bemvelo, kakhulu. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ikhabe libabayo ehlobo.
Uma ufuna ukujabulela isilayi esiphundu ebusika, isisusa se-aftertaste engemnandi singase sibe igesi ye-ethylene, esetshenziselwa ukugcina kangcono izithelo ezitshalwe endaweni ethile eThailand noma eTurkey.
Kunoma ikuphi, uma ikhabe liwele etafuleni, likhulule ngaphakathi, linemicu emaholo noma linambitheke okuthile, kufanele wenqabe ukulidla.
