Inhlobonhlobo e-raspberry ethandwayo iyabuya, ehlukaniswa nekhono lokukhiqiza izilimo eziningana. Izinhlobonhlobo zama-raspberries angama-remont angaletha isivuno esikhulu kakhulu futhi esinenzuzo.
Ukukhula raspberry remontant - Izici zezitshalo nokunakekelwa
Ukulungiswa kwama-raspberries - kungenye yezinhlobonhlobo zama-raspberries, athandwa eYurophu naseCIS ngenxa yekhono lawo elihlukile lokuthela izithelo kaningana ngesizini.
Igama elithi "ukulungisa" lisho "ukuphindisela kabusha". E-Europe, le nhlobonhlobo ye-raspberry yaziwa kangcono ngaphansi kwegama elithi "ukuhlala njalo", okusho ukuthi "ukuthela izithelo ngokuqhubekayo."
Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo ze-Raspberry yisici sezithelo ezikhulayo zezilimo ezimbili nezimbili. Ngemuva kokutshala ama-raspberries we-remont, isivuno sokuqala singasuswa ngo-Agasti-Septhemba ngemuva konyaka owodwa wokunakekelwa. Isivuno esilandelayo sizonikeza isihlahla kancane ekuqaleni - maphakathi noJuni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isivuno sesibili ezinhlakeni ezineminyaka emibili ubudala sinekhwalithi ebi kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa neziqu zonyaka. Amajikijolo atholakala ngonyaka wesibili wokutshala athambile impela, ama-bony futhi omile kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno sasehlobo se-raspberry izinhlobo ze-remontant singakhula kakhulu futhi sibambezele isivuno sesibili sekwindla. Lokhu kungenxa, okokuqala, ukuthi wonke amabutho azosetshenziselwa isivuno sokuqala sasehlobo. Lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa iningi lamandla alo ekwakhekeni kweziqu zaminyaka yonke namahlumela, okuzosiza ukuvuna ezinye izilimo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-raspberries e-remont kungazuzisa kakhulu kubahlali behlobo. Ngemuva kokutshala izinhlobo eziningana zama-raspberries e-dacha yakho, ngokwesibonelo, ekuqaleni konyaka, sekwephuzile, futhi ushiye, ungathola izitshalo eziphindwe kaningi futhi unikeze umndeni wakho ngamajikijolo amnandi unyaka wonke.
Ukutshala ama-raspberries ajwayelekile - imithetho nezimpawu
Ukutshala ama-raspberries we-remont inqubo eyithatha isikhathi edinga ukunakwa okuningi nokuhlelelwa. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-raspberry ezichaziwe zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngoba ukunakekelwa okungafanele kungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo okulimazayo kanye nokuvunwa okungekuhle noma ukuntuleka kwayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukukhetha indawo enhle kunazo zonke yalokhu. Kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha ohlangothini oluseningizimu yendawo engaphansi komhlaba onomhlaba oxegayo novundile. Kodwa-ke, lapho utshala ama-raspberries wezinhlobonhlobo ezichaziwe, izindawo ezimnyama futhi ezihlukanisiwe ngeke zikulungele. Kulesi siza, njengomthetho, lesi sitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukunikeza isivuno esijwayelekile.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala isitshalo sithathwa njengekwindla, noma kunjalo, uma ufisa, ungenza nokutshala ehlobo.
Into esemqoka okufanele icatshangelwe lapho kukhula ama-raspberries we-remont yilawa: izinsuku zokutshala, ukujula kokutshala isithombo emhlabathini nobuningi bokutshala.
Isikhathi - isikhathi sokutshala ama-raspberries ajabulisayo angahluka kakhulu nezinye izinhlobo. Njengomthetho, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanayo kufanele zitshalwe okungenani isonto ngaphambi kwamafriji aqokiwe. Le nhlobonhlobo inemetabolism esebenza kahle, ekuvumela ukuthi uthole izithelo ezinhle ngisho nangezikhathi ezipholile zokuphola, kepha inika ubunzima lapho utshala into entsha.
Abanye abalimi baqala ukutshala ngokushesha emva kwesithwathwa sokugcina, futhi ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kunikeza umphumela omkhulu kakhulu kunalapho betshala kuwo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuphakamisa inkinga eyodwa ebalulekile - ezinyangeni ezi-5 zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala okunjalo, izithombo ngeke zibe nesikhathi sokufinyelela ekuvuthweni okudingekayo futhi zinikeze isivuno esijwayelekile, esikhulu. Amajikijolo okuqala nalokhu kutshala angatholakala kuphela ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala.
I-Landing - Njengomthetho, izitshalo ezi-raspberry ezikhumbuzayo zide zingama-250 cm, kodwa ngesiqu esikhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinompande wohlobo lweqembu. Lesi sici sivumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi sithole umsoco kuphela kusuka ekujuleni lapho kutholakala khona izimpande zaso. Kungakho kudingekile ukutshala ama-raspberries walezi zinhlobonhlobo ukuya ku-30-50 cm, okuzovumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi samukele kahle zonke izinto ezidingekayo zokudla okunempilo futhi sinesizathu sendawo enkulu yokuqoqa amaminerali.
Ukutshala kwabantu - lapho utshala ama-raspberries wezinhlobo ezicacisiwe, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuphakama kwezihlahla nobukhulu besiqu. Ngokuya ngale mikhakha, izitshalo akufanele zitshalwe eduze kakhulu futhi zitshale izihlahla ezi-2 noma ngaphezulu ngemitha eyi-1. Amahlahla okusajingijolo ayitshalwa minyaka yonke, kodwa isikhathi esisodwa kuphela kusukela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kuya kwengu-15, yingakho kubalulekile ukuphatha ngokucophelela nangokucophelela le nqubo ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi silethe isivuno esihle. Khumbula ukuthi ama-raspberry bush awafanele ukuhlala eduze kakhulu, ngoba ngale ndlela kuzophazamisa ukukhula kwawo okujwayelekile, futhi kufanele uwanakekele ngokufanele.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lapho usabalalisa ama-raspberries we-remont, ukunakwa okukhulu kufanele kukhokhwe kumanyolo. Njengomthetho, lapho utshala isitshalo ngaphansi komgodi olungiselelwe, kuyadingeka ukubeka umquba ngokubala kwamabhakede amabili ngemitha eyodwa esebenzayo. Ungasebenzisa futhi ama-humus kanye nengilazi ezimbalwa zomanyolo we-potash. Uma ufisa, esikhundleni somanyolo, ungasebenzisa umlotha wezinkuni, ozonikeza nomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokutshala nokukhula kwesitshalo.
Umsele kufanele umbozwe kungqimba:
- Isendlalelo sokuqala siqukethe umanyolo olungiselelwe ngaphambilini,
- owesibili umhlaba ohlanganiswa nomanyolo,
- okwesithathu ungqimba oluhlanzekile oluvela ezweni elivundile.
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokutshala ama-raspberries e-remont:
- Indlela yokutshala ejwayelekile - ifaka phakathi ukutshala, lapho ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa yamabhishi lingadluli kumamitha ayi-2, lapho ukutshala izithombo - 1 imitha;
- Indlela yokutshala ithegi - isho ukutshala izitshalo emgqeni owodwa noma amaningana, isikhawu esiphakathi kwawo esingamamitha angama-0.6 - 0.9.
- Indlela ye-Bush yokutshala - ifaka ukutshala ama-raspberries ngokubekwa kwezikwele emakhoneni esikwele, izinhlangothi zaso zisukela kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-1.5; Ngale ndlela, izitshalo zitshalwa ngokunganqikazi, zikhetha izindawo ezinelanga kakhulu zokutshala.
Ukuthena okusajingijolo raspberry - okufanele unake
Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno esihle nesikhulu minyaka yonke kusuka kuma-raspberries wokulungisa, udinga ukunakekela isitshalo ngendlela efanele, futhi usike amahlumela njalo ngonyaka. Uma i-cottage yakho ehlobo nayo inezinhlobo zokuqala zama-raspberries, khona-ke iziqu ezineminyaka emibili ubudala zezihlahla kufanele zinqunywe ngemuva kokuvunwa. Njengomthetho, izihlahla kwenziwa ngoNovemba nangoDisemba.
Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno esicebile sasehlobo ngonyaka olandelayo, udinga ukusika wonke amahlumela abe sezingeni lomhlabathi.
Lapho ususa ama-raspberries wokulungisa, imithetho elandelayo kufanele icatshangwe:
- izihlahla kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka izikhathi 2;
- Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokulungiswa kubhekwe ukuthi sibe ngoNovemba-Disemba no-Ephreli;
- ungathathi izihloko zeziqu, kuvela kubo ukuthi ukuqala kokuzala
- ukuthena kwenziwa kuphela uma ufuna ukunweba isikhathi sokuvuna.
Iphutha elikhulu labahlali abaningi ehlobo iqiniso lokuthi baqala ukusoka kusuka eziqongweni zeziqu. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno nesikhathi sokwamukelwa kwaso, ngoba kusuka eziqongweni lapho isitshalo siqala ukumquba.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile sekhwalithi ephezulu, udinga ukwenza njalo ukuthenwa kwasentwasahlobo kwama-raspberries asabekayo. Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo kufaka phakathi ukususwa kwe-10-15 cm kusuka ihlumela lokuqala lesitshalo.
Kuphela yilezo zingxenye zamagatsha neziqu ezomisiwe nezineqhwa ebusika lapho zisuswa. Ukuthena kwalolu hlobo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, isikhathi lapho ukuqhakaza kokuqala kusanda kuvela, kudumbile futhi kulula kakhulu ukuthola izixhumanisi ezephukile.
Izinhlobo ezintsha ze-raspberry remontant - okuhle kakhulu engadini yakho
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene zama-raspberry. Izinhlobo ezintsha ze-remont raspberries zikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esicebile sekhwalithi ehlukile. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukutshala ama-raspberries, udinga ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlobonhlobo ofuna ukuzitshala esizeni sakho. Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezihlukile zokulungiswa kwama-raspberry futhi ngayinye yazo inezici zayo nokukhiqiza.
Okudume kakhulu kufaka phakathi:
I-Atlant iyinhlobonhlobo e-raspberry, isihlahla saso esingafinyelela kumuntu ongu-1,75 m ukuphakama futhi sibhekwa njengento engavamile kakhulu, singenakho ukugijima okwengeziwe, okungakhulisa kakhulu ukuvunwa. Isihlahla sinama-spikes amancane, ahlukane, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama, amajikijolo amakhulu;
I-Perseus yizinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, inamahlumela ayisiyalu, aze afike kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, amajikijolo amakhulu abomvu amnyama, obukhulu bunye, amnandi futhi omuncu. Le nhlobonhlobo ibhekwa njengemithombo ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa ngasikhathi sinye, ukumelana nokoma nokhunta;
Isiqhwaga esiphuzi siyizinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo, ezinamahlumela aminyene anamandla, afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, sinamajikijolo amakhulu aphuzi, obukhulu bunye, omnandi. Le nhlobonhlobo inenqubo ende yokuvuthwa, ibonakala ngokuqina kwezitshalo, futhi inokumelana nokubanda okuphezulu;
ICumberland iyinhlobo esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, inezimpethu eziminyene, eziphakathi nendawo ezinama-spikes ajwayelekile, izithelo ezincane ezimnyama, nxazonke, ezimnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kanyekanye, ukumelana nokubanda nokoma, izifo, izinambuzane nokushisa ngokweqile;
Ama-domes we-golden - a izinhlobo zokuqala zakuqala, anezinga eliphakathi nendawo, anamahlumela okusakazeka, amajikijolo amakhulu, umbala ophuzi ophuzi, ukwakheka okuphathekayo, okumnandi nokumuncu. Le nhlobonhlobo imelana kakhulu nezifo ezahlukahlukene, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izinambuzane, nezifo zokukhunta.
IHeriteage iyinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile, inamahlumela amakhulu, aqondile, aqhakaze izimbali, amajikijolo aphakathi nendawo, abomvu ngombala okhanyayo, azinzile, awawi isikhathi eside, ayindilinga, amnandi futhi amuncu. Le nhlobonhlobo ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela eziphezulu kakhulu, ezingamelana nezezifo kanye nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, ayikubekezeleli ukubanda nokumanzi.
I-Atlant iyinhlobonhlobo e-raspberry, isihlahla saso esingafinyelela kumuntu ongu-1,75 m ukuphakama futhi sibhekwa njengento engavamile kakhulu, singenakho ukugijima okwengeziwe, okungakhulisa kakhulu ukuvunwa. Isihlahla sinama-spikes amancane, ahlukane, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama, amajikijolo amakhulu;
I-Perseus yizinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, inamahlumela ayisiyalu, aze afike kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, amajikijolo amakhulu abomvu amnyama, obukhulu bunye, amnandi futhi omuncu. Le nhlobonhlobo ibhekwa njengemithombo ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa ngasikhathi sinye, ukumelana nokoma nokhunta;
Isiqhwaga esiphuzi siyizinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo, ezinamahlumela aminyene anamandla, afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, sinamajikijolo amakhulu aphuzi, obukhulu bunye, omnandi. Le nhlobonhlobo inenqubo ende yokuvuthwa, ibonakala ngokuqina kwezitshalo, futhi inokumelana nokubanda okuphezulu;
ICumberland iyinhlobo esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, inezimpethu eziminyene, eziphakathi nendawo ezinama-spikes ajwayelekile, izithelo ezincane ezimnyama, nxazonke, ezimnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kanyekanye, ukumelana nokubanda nokoma, izifo, izinambuzane nokushisa ngokweqile;
Ama-domes we-golden - a izinhlobo zokuqala zakuqala, anezinga eliphakathi nendawo, anamahlumela okusakazeka, amajikijolo amakhulu, umbala ophuzi ophuzi, ukwakheka okuphathekayo, okumnandi nokumuncu. Le nhlobonhlobo imelana kakhulu nezifo ezahlukahlukene, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izinambuzane, nezifo zokukhunta.
