Umkhondo owanyathelwa endaweni engenhla kweBlack Tisza ngokungenamusa, kungaba ukudilika ehlathini elimnyama nelinokhahlo, wabe esewela lapho kunesiphepho, nemifudlana ecwebezelayo ekhanyayo egcwele lapha naphaya ngezihlahla ezinkulu, bese ewela imigwaqo emincane emnyama. Ngemuva kokuhamba ibanga elide kulo mzila, siyaphuma sibheke esibhakabhakeni esibanzi samamitha aluhlaza aseCarlathi. I-Mountain meadow ikhanyiswa yimisebe yelanga elinomusa futhi elibonakala lisondele kakhulu. Ngeke uphumule lapha, ungabukeli ubuhle obuhle bamabanga angenamkhawulo amancanyana!
I-Beech (Fagus)Njengokungathi ukuqagela imicabango yethu, umqhubi wesifundo unikela ngokumisa. Ingxoxo iqala ngokushesha mayelana nengcebo yezitshalo yaleli lizwe elibusisiwe. Omunye ukhumbula isibikezelo sesinkwa sikaMichurin. Iminyaka ephakathi, kepha eqinile, njenge-beech yaseCarpathian, Umqondisi wethu uphendula ngokusobala kula magama.
Amahektha angaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi ahlala emahlathini eCarpathian beech. Awukwazi ukuhlala uzolile lapho uya endaweni encane evikelwe - isiqhingi sabathengi eChinandaevskoye lesnichestvo: izixhaxha zamamitha amabili ubukhulu, ezinombala obushelelezi obukhanyayo, njengokungathi amagxolo ahlomile, amboza ilanga ngemiqhele yawo eqinile nokugqwala ngamagatsha ukuphakama kwesakhiwo esinezitezi eziyishumi. Kuleli hlathi elineminyaka engama-300 livikelwe, kumnyama futhi kupholile ngisho nasezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo. Ngokuya kokulinganisa kososayensi bamahlathi bendawo, cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-90 zamantongomane angaqoqwa esihlahleni esisodwa esinjalo. Kuliqiniso, azinkulu kangako: azidluli kakhulu imbewu ye-sunflower (amantongomane ayikhulu anesisindo esingama-20- 22 amagremu kuphela). Kepha ihektha lehlathi le-beech linikeza kusuka kumamuni amabili kuya kweziyishumi. Bala ukuthi siyini isivuno sonke seCarpathian, kanti kusenezihlahla zama-beech zaseCrimea nezaseCaucasian!
I-Beech (Fagus)Futhi, uhlu olukhulu lwezinzuzo ezingatholakala kwi-beech nati encane nakuwo wonke isitshalo sonke.
Owokuqala yi-oyili, izinkulungwane zamathani, akukho kubi kakhulu kuneProvence kanye namantongomane, akukho kubi ngokwedlula umsedari.
Owesibili - amaprotheni, isitashi, ushukela, ama-acid abalulekile.
Okwesithathu - isiphuzo, esihlwabusayo, esinenhliziyo, esingaphansi kokhokho.
Okwesine - i-oyela (ukudla kwamaprotheni kwemfuyo).
Okwesihlanu - igobolondo le-nut elukhuni (uphethiloli).
Eyesithupha - ukhuni (luhamba ngokuhlobisa amakhabethe, ama-salon, amakhabethe, amakhuphoni emikhunjini, ezindizeni zezindiza, ezitimeleni).
Okwesikhombisa - i-tar kanye ne-creosote ekhishwe ngokhuni lwe-beech (i-ejenti yokwelapha esetshenziselwa ezinye izifo zesikhumba).
Kukhona owesishiyagalombili, wesishiyagalolunye, weshumi. Kepha ungangitshela konke?
I-Beech (Fagus)Ngaphesheya kolwandle kukhona umzala we-beech yethu - i-American beech. Akusondele kuphela kwi-beech yehlathi kusuka kumaCarpathians, kodwa futhi nasempumalanga kusuka eCaucasus, okuthi, njengomzala waseMelika, akha amahlathi amakhulu - ama-buchins.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela eziningi zokhuni lwe-beech ezenziwe ngumuntu ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa noma ezitholwe nguye ngesimo. Injalo i-beech enomqhele oyindilinga, wepiramidi kanye nokukhala, onama-white-motley, amnyama onsomi namaqabunga aluhlaza. Lawa mafomu ahlobisa amapaki ethu kanye nemigwaqo.
I-Beech - isihlahla sizolile, futhi sithambile. Ifinyelela kuphela eminyakeni engama-45-50, iqala ukuqhakaza futhi ithele izithelo. Kodwa-ke, ayinandawo yokujaha, ngoba i-beech ihlala ku-300-400, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iminyaka engama-500. Izihlahla ziyaqhekeka emithambekeni yezintaba zaseCarlathian, eCaucasian naseCrimea, ezagcotshwa okokuqala ngekhulu le-16 noma le-17. Futhi okulandelayo kukhula ihlumela elincane, "lesinkwa" salo elizokuya kubantu beXXI, XXII, XXIII. Ingabe abazukulu bethu abakhulu bakude bazokuthakazelela ngempela ukufanelwa kwakhe?
Kusetshenziswe ezintweni zokwakha:
- S. I. Ivchenko - Bhuka ngezihlahla
