Ukuze kutshalwe i-bonsai, i-ficus isetshenzisiwe hhayi kudala, kepha lokhu akuzange kuvimbele isitshalo sokunakekela epulasitiki nesisabelayo ukuba sibe ngenye yezintandokazi ze-bonsai. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ngisho ne-novice ngokubekezela nentshiseko ethile iyakwazi ukunika i-ficus kaBenjamini noma i-microcarp ukubukeka komuntu omdala, kodwa isihlahla esincane, esiphakeme ngo-30-60 cm kuphela.
Kodwa-ke, kanjalo nje! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza nge-bonsai enjalo kuzohlala hhayi iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20, kodwa kungaphansi kakhulu. Isizathu ukuvumelana komuthi okuthandekayo, ezimweni ezivumayo:
- airy ngokuphelele;
- inxeba esiqwini;
- kwakha amagatsha amasha esikhundleni sawo asikiwe;
- iyakwazi ukwakheka kusetshenziswa ucingo nentambo.
Ngisho nesihlahla esikhule saba usayizi ojwayelekile ezandleni zomthandi eminyakeni embalwa singaba yi-bonsai yasekuqaleni. Yini edingekayo ukuze uguqule i-ficus ejwayelekile kaBenjamini emafasiteleni ethu abe yi-bonsai?
Okokuqala, izimo ezifanele kufanele zenzelwe isitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, umuntu othanda ubuciko baseJapan kuzodingeka ukuthi akwazi kahle ukunakekelwa nezisekelo zokubekwa kwesitshalo esidala. Lapho zonke izinyathelo seziphothuliwe, ungaya ukuzilolongela futhi uzenzele okwakho.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Ficus bonsai ekhaya
Yize i-bonsai ibonakala iqandisiwe ekuthuthukisweni, lesi sitshalo sinempilo futhi sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele, kufaka phakathi:
- ukuchelela;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu;
- ukufakelwa.
Ngenkathi efudumele, i-ficus kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwelanga elikhanyayo, kepha ingapheli amandla okungenani amahora ayi-12. Lapho ukhetha indawo ebhodweni, udinga ukunikela ngokukhetha ekhoneni elivikelekile kokungakapheli kanye nomoya oshisayo, ovela kumabhethri ebusika.
Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-ficus bonsai yi-18-25 ˚C. Uma uhlinzeka lesi sihlahla ngokufafaza, sizosinda ekushiseni ngaphandle kokuthuswa, kepha ukupholisa ngaphansi kwe-15 ˚C kuzoba isivivinyo esinzulu kusiko elishisayo. Emhlabathini obandayo, omanzi, izimpande ze-ficus ezikhule njenge-bonsai microcarp noma uBenjamin zingabola, ezigcwele ukulahleka kwesitshalo.
Imvamisa yokuchelela kuya ngesizini, izinga lokushisa lomoya nesimo senhlabathi. Esikhathini esifudumele, zivame ukugxila ekomeni kwaphezulu. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sidinga umswakama ngaphezu kobusika.
Umoya omile usiza ukunisela umqhele wokukhulisa. Isilinganiso esifanayo sikhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande zezindiza, ezidingekayo uma uzokhula usuka emafini amancane e-ficus bonsai ngesimo sesihlahla se-banyan.
Ukugqoka okhethekile okukhethekile kwe-bonsai ekhula enomkhawulo wenhlabathi kuyadingeka. Zenziwa ngokuphumula kwamaviki ama-2-3, inyanga ngemuva kokufakelwa. Indlela yomanyolo yefoliar isebenza kahle.
Ukukhetha ibhodwe nenhlabathi ye-ficus bonsai
Ngaphezu kokuthena okwenziwa ngesiko, i-ficus ye-bonsai idinga ukususa amahlumela nezimpande ezifile noma ezonakele. Izinambuzane zihlala kuzo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezitshalo ezijwayelekile zasendlini ze-ficus, ukunakekelwa kwe-bonsai yasekhaya kuyakhandleka futhi kubuhlungu.
AmaBonsai ahlala etshalwa ezimbizeni ezisindayo. Lokhu akuyona inkokhiso kusiko, kepha isidingo sokunciphisa umkhawulo wezimpande futhi kuvimbele ukukhula kwezingxenye zezindiza, kanye nokuqina kwesihlahla.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ezansi kwembiza ekhethiwe kufanele kube khona okungenani umgodi owodwa wokudonsa. Imilenze kungenzeka ibe khona ezitsheni ze-ceramic zokufinyeleleka komoya nokudonsa kwamanzi. Kuyinto elula lapho ikhithi lifaka ipallet. Kwi-ficus kaBenjamini ekhule njenge-bonsai, kusuka ku-30 kuye ku-50 cm ukuphakama, ibhodwe elinokuphakama ngamasentimitha amahlanu lanele. Ukwakheka nobubanzi kukhethwe ngokuya ngesitayela sesitshalo nomqondo wokubumba.
Ukuze isitshalo sizizwe sikhululekile, sithola umswakama owanele kanye nokudla okunempilo, imbiza kufanele igcwaliswe ngenhlabathi ekhethiwe kahle. EJapan, ama-bonsai atshalwa kwisakhiwo sobumba ngesimo semiganu yamasayizi ahlukahlukene. Uma lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungekho, ungathenga inhlabathi yezihlahla zesundu noma uhlanganise inhlabathi ngokwakho ngesabelo samasheya alinganayo:
- humus;
- ukuhlunga okuhleliwe;
- ubumba lobumba;
- isihlabathi esigeziwe.
Njengezithako ze-substrate, ungathatha ubumba olunwebekile oluncane ne-perlite, umhlaba onamaqabunga kanye ne-vermiculite. Ukwakheka kungahluka, into esemqoka ukuthi inhlabathi yokufakelwa i-ficus bonsai ivele iqonde, idonsa umoya futhi iqukethe umsoco owanele wokukhula kwesihlahla.
Ama-ficuses abukeka emuhle ematsheni, isikhathi esiwagoqa azungeze izimpande futhi enza inkohliso ephelele yesithombe semvelo. Ngaphambi kokwenza i-ficus bonsai nomakhelwane abanjalo, izimpande zesitshalo ziphathwa nge-slurry yobumba obukhulu, elungiswe ngocingo futhi zinikeze ukuxhumana nenhlabathi.
Ungakhula kanjani i-bonsai kusuka ku-ficus uBenjamin ukwenze ngokwakho?
Izitshalo ezincane zokutshala i-bonsai zitholakala ngokusika okuluhlaza okwenqenqemeni okuluhlaza okungamasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12. Kulezi zingxenye zamahlumela kukhona amaphuzu wokulala okukhula okukhula ngawo, okuzoba kamuva abe ngamagatsha nezimpande zesihlahla. Izinsika:
- ezindaweni zokusikwa zomile;
- uphathwe nge-carbon eyenziwe nge-powered;
- faka isixazululo se-stimulator sokukhula.
Kuluhlaza okushisa endaweni yokushisa komoya okungu-25-27 ˚C, umswakama ophakeme nokukhanya okukhanyayo, ngokushesha izithombo ezikhanyayo ziyavela ezintweni zokutshala. Lapho izitshalo zingaqala impilo ezimele, ziyathelwa, zibe munye, zibe izithombo eziningana ezilungiselelwe nge-drainage yesihlabathi kanye nomhlabathi we-bonsai. amatshe angasetshenziswa ngokushesha umhlobiso.
Ukwakheka kukaBenjamin ficus bonsai kuqala ngokunamathisela iphuzu lokukhula eliphezulu lapho isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okuhlosiwe.
UBenjamin Ficus Bonsai Formation
Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi kubhekwa njenge-ficus kaBenjamini. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo nazo zilungele ukuhlakulela izihlahla ezincane ezinobumba obumangalisayo, isibonelo, i-ficus bengal, ukugqwala, umkhiwane, ojwayelene nezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo.
Futhi ngesisekelo se-ficus, i-microcarp ye-bonsai kulula kakhulu ukuyikhulisa kunokuqalwa yisithombo ezinhlobonhlobo zakwaBenjamini. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa ukhula olusezingeni eliphezulu ngokususwa kwengxenye yonke eluhlaza. Isiqu esisele esinezimpande sizosebenza njengesisekelo se-bonsai yesikhathi esizayo.
Ezitshalweni eziningana ezitshalwe ebhodweni linye, kuvame ukusetshenziswa inqubo efana nokufaka ukhula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iziqu zezitshalo, kuze kube yilapho zihlanganisiwe futhi zixutshwa, zihlanganiswa kahle, zilungisa isikhundla esikhethiwe ngentambo. Ukuze iziqu zikhule ndawonye, ezindaweni zokuxhumana zazo, amagxolo asuswa bese kuthi izinkuni ziphathwe ngendlela ekhethekile.
IBonsai yaziswa kakhulu lapho isihlahla siveza ngokuphelele isithombe sempilo, ngakho-ke kuyodingeka wakhe hhayi kuphela isiqu kuphela, kodwa nezimpande. Ukusebenza kuzo kuqala izinyanga ezingama-3-4 ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu ze-ficus encane. Kusetshenziswa i-scapula ekhethekile nezinti, uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo, oluqala kusuka entanjeni yezimpande, lukhululwa ngobumnene emhlabathini. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, izimpande ngokweqile zisusa noma zinciphise yonke inqwaba. Ama-air rhizomes avele, ngokwesibonelo, kwi-bonsai evela ku-ficus microcarp, aqondiswa emhlabathini, aqonde futhi abambe ukuze athole isihlahla esimangalisayo se-banyan.
Sebenza ngokuguqula ukwakheka kwesiqu somthi wenziwa ngokucophelela. Ungagijimela lapha.
Lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha, kungcono kubaqalayo banikeze izintambo noma ithayela lendwangu kunothango olungonakalisa izinkuni. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kocingo, kungcono ukuthatha impahla ngohlaka, ubeke imizwa noma enye indwangu ngaphansi kwayo.
Ukufaka umoya ngentambo noma ucingo kwenziwa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu, kusukela kwisisekelo sehlumela noma isiqu kuya phezulu. Inkomba ishintsha ngokucophelela ukuze ungaphuli igatsha. Ukulungiswa kuhlala esihlahleni izinsuku ezingama-45-60, emva kwalokho kugawulwe.
Enye yamasu abaluleke kakhulu lapho kukhula i-bonsai evela ku-ficus Benjamin ngezandla zakho ukuthena. Kwenziwa ngosizo lwesikhafu obukhali kanye nommese okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6. Isikhathi esihle sokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho-ke uze uwe ungalungisa isimo ngaphandle kokwesaba ukulimaza isitshalo kakhulu:
- Izimpande nawo wonke amagatsha asikwa kahle, ngaphandle kwe-hemp.
- Izindawo zezigaba ezinkulu zicutshungulwa yi-garden var.
- Ukufiphala kwamagatsha kuqala lapho enamaqabunga angama-8-10.
- Ukususa amaqabunga kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ukugwema ukudalulwa komqhele.
I-Ficus bonsai transplant
Ama-Adult ficus bonsai atshalwa ngendlela engafani, kanti nesidala isihlahla, kanye nezinga lokukhula kwaso, kuncipha kakhulu lapho kudingekile.
Kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu, izitshalo zidluliselwa enhlabathini entsha nasembizeni njalo eminyakeni emibili. Ngemuva kwalokho awukwazi ukuthinta i-ficus cishe iminyaka emi-5.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, i-bonsai ficus ibhekana nokulungiswa kohlelo lwempande. Kuhlanzwa izingxenye ezifile futhi kusikwe ezansi ngumuntu wesithathu. Insimu yalesi sitshalo idluliselwa enhlabathini entsha, ngemuva kokunakekela amanzi. I-ficus, ihlanganiswe futhi ifakwe ebhodweni, iyaniselwa, futhi ngemuva kwengxenye yehora, kuthunyelwa umswakama owedlulele.
