Abamele lo mndeni bayizihlahla ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani nokukhanya okuhlala ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni; bayizidalwa eziwugqinsi. Ku-CIS, izinhlayiya zesobunxele zesokunxele zomndeni iStamenaceous zimelelwa ngohlobo olu-3: (IViscum), okunengqondo (I-Razuomofskya) nensimu yezimbali (ULoranthus). Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-mistletoe zilimaza kakhulu.
I-Mistletoe yaziwa ngabaningi ngaphansi kwamanye amagama:
- "Ama-oak amajikijolo" ngesiRashiya;
- "Utshani obumbene" (uHerbe de la Croix) ngesiFulentshi (igama libonisa inkolelo yokuthi isiphambano sikaJesu Kristu senziwe ngokhuni lwe-mistletoe);
- "I-bird glue" (i-birdlime) - ngenxa ye-gluten equkethwe amajikijolo nokuheha izinyoni;
- I-"Panacea" (i-phulukisa) yonke ngesiNgisi.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 ku-CIS: i-mistletoe emhlophe (V. i-albhamu) - ngamajikijolo anombala omhlophe nephutha le-mistletoe (V. umbala) - ngamajikijolo e-orange. Mistletoe - isihlahla esihlala sikhona sesimo esiyindilinga, amagciwane esihlahleni nasegatsheni lezihlahla. Isiqu saso siluhlaza okotshani obungamanga obukhulu, amaqabunga ayashwabana, aminyene, izithelo ziyisibhakela. Imbewu ivuthwa ebusika. Azungezwe yinto enamathele - viscene. Imbewu isatshalaliswa izinyoni, ikakhulukazi uyabhidliza futhi waxawings. Zidla izithelo ze-mistletoe, izinyoni zindiza zisuka kwesinye isihlahla ziye kwesinye futhi zifake imbewu ebunjiwe enamathela kwesiqu namagatsha ezihlahla.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukusakazwa kwe-mistletoe kwenzeka njengokuthakazelisa nangokwengeziwe: isigaxa esinamathelayo sinamathela kuqhwaku lwenyoni, okuthi, uma izama ukuyisusa, ihlikile uqhwaku ngokhuni lwalesi esinye noma esinye isihlahla (le yindlela imbewu ye-mistletoe edluliswa ngayo). Imbewu inamathela kugxolo lwesihlahla somsakazi futhi ibambelela ngokuqinile ngale ndlela ize inikeze izimpande ezingena ngaphansi kwegxolo futhi ziqiniswe lapho. Ngakho-ke, i-gluten equkethwe amajikijolo e-mistletoe futhi igcinwe kwimbewu yayo iyikhwalithi ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze kulondolozwe uhlobo.
Ungasakaza i-mistletoe ngenhloso, uma ufuna "ukuyilungisa" engadini yakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu kusuka ngonyaka odlule we-mistletoe amajikijolo avuthwe ngokuphelele (eNgilandi maphakathi nentwasahlobo) kufanele ibekwe emaceleni amancanyana amancanyana kwelinye lamagatsha aphezulu esihlahla “sosokhaya” futhi ihlanganiswe nezinto zensimu ezivumela ukuba amanzi adlule. Kuyadingeka ukuhlwanyela imbewu eminingi ye-mistletoe ngale ndlela ukuze wandise amathuba okubonakala kwabesilisa nabesilisa, okudingeka ngokuzayo ekwakhekeni amajikijolo. Kodwa-ke, iphesenti lokuhluma kwembewu ye-mistletoe elitshalwe ngale ndlela liphansi impela. Kepha qiniseka ukuthi ukhumbula ukuthi i-mistletoe isisitshalo esikhipha umdlandla, esingalimaza kakhulu isihlahla esithi "host".
I-White mistletoe (i-albhamu yeViscum) 
I-White mistletoe (i-albhamu yeViscum)© Photopoésie
Entwasahlobo, imbewu iyaqhuma, yakha "izimpande" ezikhula ngokuqonde kwegxolo lesihlahla. Ithiphu "lempande" ifinyelela ku-cortex, inamathela kuyo bese ikhula, yakheke ipuleti eligudlayo - i-apressorium. Inqubo ethambile iyakhula iphakathi maphakathi kwepuleti, ifafaza amagxolo esihlahla somsizi futhi singene emagatsheni senziwe ngokhuni. Inqubo enjalo ibizwa indebe yokudonsa, noma haustorium. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izimpande ezisemaceleni, okubizwa ngokuthi izimbungulukukhula ekujuleni kokuqothuka okufana nobuso bayo. Unyaka nonyaka, kuvela inkomishi entsha yokudonsa kuma-rhizoid, ikhula ibheke ngokhuni. Kusukela unyaka nonyaka, lolu hlelo olungumsuka lwezimpande lukhula luqine, lunikeze isitshalo se-mistletoe amanzi nosawoti wamaminerali oncibilikisiwe kuwo.
I-mistletoe emhlophe (i-albhamu yeViscum) Ngemuva kokuqhuma kobusika obude esihlahleni se-apulaEkuqaleni, i-mistletoe ikhula kancane, kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu-wesithupha ngemuva kokuhlala esihlahleni, isiqu kanye negatsha elinamaqabunga aluhlaza kuwo. Ngemuva kwalokho isihlahla sikhula ngokushesha futhi sivame ukufinyelela kububanzi obuyi-120-125 cm. Ngaphandle kwezimpande ze-crust, kuvela amaqabunga lapho izimbali ezintsha ze-mistletoe zikhula khona.
Imbali emhlophe ye-mistletoe (i-Viscum albhamu)Ukuthinteka kakhulu izihlahla ze-mistletoe kuvame ukoma. Izihlahla zezithelo zinotshwala, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izithelo ziba ngokuphelele. I-Mistletoe iyahluma esihlahleni sama-apula, eliphakathi kwe, izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zamahlathi. Kuvamile eningizimu nasentshonalanga engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwe lethu. EMpumalanga Ekude, i-mistletoe ivezwa ngendlela ekhethekile enezithelo eziphuzi noma zewolintshi, ihlangana nezithelo ku-poplar, willow, linden, aspen.
I-Moodletoe emhlophe (i-albhamu kaViscum) Izihlahla ezithintwe yi-mistletoe
I-Moodletoe emhlophe (i-albhamu kaViscum) Izihlahla ezithintwe yi-mistletoeIzimfumbezo ezingaguquki kanye nemfihlakalo iye yazungeza i-mistletoe emhlophe amakhulu eminyaka. Lesi sitshalo sasiyingxenye ebalulekile yemicikilisho yamaqaba nemikhosi yezizwe eziningi zaseYurophu. Ama-Druids - abapristi bamaCelt asendulo, lapho isiko labo i-mistletoe lidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu, babheka lesi sitshalo njengengcwele futhi bakholelwa ukuthi singaselapha noma yisiphi isifo futhi sisivikele ebubini. Ama-Druid aqukethe izimfanelo eziqinile ikakhulukazi kulezo ezingafanele ezitholakala kuma-oki.
Embhalweni we-Old Irish, i-mistletoe yazichaza njengophawu lokuphiliswa nokukhula komoya.
Kamuva, lesi sitshalo saqhosha ngokuthakatha indawo yobuthakathi nemilingo: wabizwa ukuthi unamandla ezinhlamvu, uthando lokupela, kanye nezindlela zokwandisa ukuzala nokuzingela okuphumelelayo. Abesifazane ababefisa ukukhulelwa umntwana babegqoka amagatsha e-mistletoe okhalweni noma ezinqeni.
Isiko elidumile nelanamuhla - ukwanga ngoKhisimusi ngaphansi kwamagatsha e-mistletoe - ngokusho kwemibono ethile, lisuselwa ku-Old Norse mythology, lapho i-mistletoe yayingaphansi kukankulunkulukazi wothando, ubuhle kanye nokuzala. Abanye abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi leli siko livela emicimbini yemishado, eyayivame ukugujwa ngesikhathi semikhosi yasebusika yangoMgqibelo e-Old Rome - endaweni yabo, lapho kufika ubuKristu, baqala ukugubha uKhisimusi. Amaqhawe ezitha, esehlangene ngaphansi kwe-mistletoe, kwadingeka abeke izingalo zawo lapho kuphela usuku.
Njengengxenye yomzabalazo wabo wokuqeda ubuqaba, isonto lamaKristu lazama ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-mistletoe, kepha lahlulwa kabuhlungu kulokhu.
Futhi esikhathini sethu, izimakethe zikaKhisimusi zaseYurophu zinikezela ngamagatsha amancanyana we-mistletoe ngamajikijolo abukeka njengombala ophuzi, ngaphansi kwayo imibhangqwana ethandweni lokuqabula ngoKhisimusi. Futhi abathandi baseMelika baqabula ngaphansi kwe-forandron ephuzi (Phoradendron serotinum) - isihlobo sendawo se-mistletoe, esinamaqabunga ebanzi namajikijolo afana ne-mistletoe emhlophe.
Lapho uthintana ne-mistletoe, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinobuthi futhi ukuzelapha usebenzisa i-mistletoe akwamukeleki. Isitshalo esiyingozi ikakhulukazi sabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Isimbali esivela emndenini we-Staphylococcus parasitic ku-oak ne-chestnut, i-juniper - ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zejuniper neypypress enkulu.
Isimbali esinezimbali (uLoranthus)
Juniper Arceutobium (Arceuthobium oxisedri) noma JuniperIzixhumanisi Zokusebenza:
- I-Popkova. K.V. / I-phytopathology ejwayelekile: incwadi yezikole eziphakeme / K.V. I-Popkova, V.A. I-Shkalikov, Yu.M. UStroykov et al. - 2nd ed., IsAm. bese wengeza. - M.: IDrofa, 2005 .-- 445 p .: Ill. - (Classics yesayensi yasekhaya).
