Sikhula esizeni sethu i-shrub yezithelo esizeni sethu

I-China ithathwa njengezwe laseMana, kepha amaJapan ayengawokuqala ukuzibandakanya kulimo lwawo olusebenzayo. Bamyisa esifundeni saseMpumalanga Ekude. Bekulapha, eSakhalin, ososayensi baseRussia behlanganyela ekukhetheni lesi sihlahla sezithelo. Namuhla, isiko lisakazekele kulo lonke elaseRussia.

Incazelo emfishane yeBotanical

Ngokusho kwesigaba se-botanical, u-Pam (goof multiflorum) ungowomndeni u-Lochovye futhi uyisihlobo se-sihlahla sashlahla sasolwandle. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahlana esinamandla, esihlotshisiwe esinamahlamvu agobekayo, anempilo. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-1.5-2. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isihlahla simbozwa kakhulu ngezimbali eziningi ezinamakha futhi singakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa.

I-multiflorum yezezimbali ivela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Izinyanga eziyi-1.5 ngemuva kokuphanjaniswa kwezithelo, izithelo zeMna - amacuphu amancane okusaqanda avuthiwe. Esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezinto eziphilayo, zinesikhumba esibomvu esinamachashazi akhanyayo futhi ziyakwazi ukubambelela esihlahleni kuze kube yiqhwa, ngaphandle kokuchitha. I-pulp enamanzi futhi esobala inokunambitheka okumuncu okumnandi nokukhanya kwe-astringency.

EMpumalanga, amajikijolo ama-Pam asetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo emithini yabantu. E-Russia, imvamisa eyomile noma iqandisiwe bese ebusika iya kumakhompiyutha. Zibuye zengezwe kuma-jams, amasoso, ujamu.

Ngakho-ke, umuntu oncancayo osebenzisa izimbali eziningi angenza imisebenzi ethile kusayithi:

• zokuhlobisa;
• isitshalo sezinyosi;
• indlu.

Ezifundeni ezinobusika obuthambile, lesi sihlahla somthi siyakwazi ukukhombisa izimfanelo zesitshalo esihlala sihlala njalo, sigcina ukuhlobisa unyaka wonke.

Amagciwane omhlabathi alungisa i-nitrojeni akhula ngokuzithandela ohlelweni lwezimpande lwe-multiflora. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala lesi sitshalo kungasebenza ukuthuthukisa inhlabathi esizeni.

Izimo ezikhulayo

I-shrub yaseMana ayizithobi futhi itholakala kalula esimweni sezulu saseRussia, kodwa ukuze itshalwe ngempumelelo, kudingeka izimo ezifanele:

1. Ukufakelwa okuhle. Isitshalo siyakwazi ukubekezelela umthunzi, kepha isivuno esihle sibhekwa kuphela lapho sitshala endaweni evulekile yelanga.
2. Inhlabathi ekhanyayo kodwa egcwele amanzi. Uhlelo lwezimpande zezihlahla zama shrub lubanzi kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi. Kumakhaza asindayo, kuzoba manzi kakhulu futhi komile esihlabathini. Ngakho-ke, izinselo ezivundile noma izingodo zesihlabathi zithande ukutshala.
3. Ukupholisa impova. Izimbali zomuntu oncelisayo zinokukhanya okukodwa, futhi isiko liyakwazi ukuzingcolisa. Kepha impova-mbumbulu ikhulisa kakhulu umkhiqizo, kanti ukutshala ngasikhathi sinye kwezitshalo ezi-2 kuyafana.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, isivuno samajikijolo singama-8-9 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye.

Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ubusika buncanele kahle kumzila ophakathi nendawo. Kepha iMena iyisitshalo esinokumelana kancane nesithwathwa, futhi ebusika obukhulu amahlumela ayo angabanda. Ngakho-ke, abalimi baseSiberia noma izifunda ezisenyakatho kumele bahlinzeke ngezindawo zabo zokuvikela.

Ukuze uthole ubusika obungcono, amahlumela eswidi elinamanzi amaningi angagoba phansi, futhi isihlahla simbozwe ngezendlalelo ezimbili ze-spunbond nge-density ye-60 g / m².

Izinhlobo ze-Gumi: izici nezithombe

Izinhlobo ze-Gumi zaqala ukuqoshwa yiRejista Yombuso Yezinto Ezifundayo ngonyaka we-1999. Kuze kube manje, uhlu lwezitshalo ezivunyiwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe endaweni yaseRussia zifaka izinto eziyi-9:

1. USakhalin kuqala. Amajikijolo ale nhlobo yokuvuthwa kokuqala anombala weqanda, obomvu ngombala, futhi izisindo zawo ziyi-1.4 g. Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kumnandi, kuyaqabula, nge-acidity, isilinganiso ngesikhathi sokunambitha ngamaphuzu ama-4. Inokumelana okuhle nezifo, icishe ingalimazi izinambuzane.
2. UMoneron. Inani lezinhlobonhlobo liyanda ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye nesivuno esizinzile. Amajikijolo avuthwa kwisikhathi esiphakathi. Zinesisindo esingu-1.5 g nokuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu epulpiti. Ukuhlola ngesikhathi kokunambitha - amaphuzu ama-4. Okubi - ukumelana okumaphakathi kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane ezinambuzane.
3. Thais. Uhlobo lwedessert oluvuthiwe lokuqala, olunama-spikes kuphela amahlumela amadala engxenyeni engezansi, okwenza ukunakekela isitshalo nokugoba kube lula ebusika. Ukumelana neqhwa kuyanda, ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni - ngesilinganiso. Amajikijolo amancane anesisindo esilingana no-1,2 g, ukunambitheka kumuncu, kuthambile. Isilinganiso ngesikhathi sokunambitha ngamaphuzu ayi-4,5.
4. I-Krillon. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi kufanele kube yiqhwa. I-Gumi berry yalolu hlobo ibomvu ekhanyayo, enesikhumba esinsundu, imnandi nge-astringency emenyezelwe kodwa emnene. Ukuhlola ngesikhathi kokunambitha - amaphuzu ayi-5. Ubusika be-hardness busezingeni eliphakeme, okusivumela ukuthi sincome i-Krillon ngokutshalwa kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia.
5. Shikotan. Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zokuqala ze-multiflora ezinamajikijolo amakhulu (isilinganiso esingu-2.1 g). Amaphesenti amaningi kashukela ezitsheni azenza zibe mnandi. Ngesikhathi sokunambitha, ikhomishini income ukunambitheka kwezithelo zeShikotan - amaphuzu ayi-5. Ukuqina kobusika besitshalo seMena kuhle, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukutheleleka kokukhunta kuyabonakala.
6. ENingizimu. Okuhlukahlukene ngamajikijolo amakhulu wesilinda (ngokwesilinganiso - 2.3 g ngayinye). Isikhumba sibomvu, sibuthakathaka, izithelo ngokwazo zinomnandi kakhulu, ukunambitheka okumnandi, nge-astringency emnandi, kwahlaziywa lapho kunikezwa amaphuzu ayi-5. Isitshalo esiqina ebusika ngesivuno esiphakathi. Ukumelana nesikhunta nezinambuzane kuphakathi.
7. Kunashir. Ukuvuthwa okufika sekwephuzile kubonakaliswa izithelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Amajikijolo anesikhumba esincane, ngokwesilinganiso ngu-2.2 g ngalinye. I-pulp inomnandi, ngamaphesenti amaningi ushukela, i-tart. Ukuhlola ngesikhathi kokunambitha - amaphuzu ayi-5. Lesi sitshalo sinamandla, simelana nesithwathwa, singakwazi ukuzivikela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
8. IsiTsunai Izinhlobonhlobo zaphakathi nesizini ezinamahlumela aqhakaza prickly. Yakha isihlahla sokuphakama okuphakathi. Amajikijolo angosayizi abaphakathi (1,9 g), anesikhumba esiminyene. Ukunambitheka kwe-pulp kumuncu, i-juiciness iphezulu, isilinganiso ngesikhathi sokunambitha ngamaphuzu ayi-5. I-hardness yasebusika kanye nokungatheleleki kokukhula esikhungweni esiphakeme, lesi sitshalo asonakaliswa kakhulu yizilokazane.
9. Paramushir. Izinhlobonhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke ze-Ank, izingeniso ze-2016. Isihlahla esiqinile ngokuvuthwa sekwephuzile kanye namajikijolo anesisindo esingu-1.8 g. Inyama imbozwe ngesikhumba esibuthakathaka, esinamafutha, sinambitha futhi simnandi. Ukuhlola ngesikhathi kokunambitha - amaphuzu ayi-5. Inhloso Paramushira universal. I-hardness yasebusika isezingeni eliphakeme, elisivumela ukuthi sincome isitshalo kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia. Ukungavikeleki kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane kuhle.

Lapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi unake izici zesayithi lakho. Uma itholakala esifundeni esinebusika obandayo, isici esichazayo kufanele sibe lukhuni ebusika. Ukulinyelwa esimweni sezulu esipholile kodwa esinethayo, ukumelana kwesitshalo ezifweni zokukhunta kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuhamba nokunakekela

ERussia maphakathi nasezifundeni ezibandayo, izithombo zeMena zinezimpande ezingcono ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo. Eningizimu, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukutholwa nokutshala kuze kufike ukuwa, ukuze ilanga elishisayo lingasimi isitshalo esincane ngaphambi kokuba lukhule uhlelo oluhle lwezimpande.

Ukufakwa emgodini kwenziwa emgodini wokulungiselela osekulungiselelwe ngaphambili. Ubukhulu bayo buncike ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo. Ukujula okuphakathi kungamamitha ayi-0.5, ububanzi obuyi-0.8-1 m. Ukufika ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kwe-Pam kubukeka kanjena:

• ungqimba lomsele lubekwa ezansi komgodi - ubumba olwandisiwe noma isitini esichotshoziwe;
• esitsheni esehlukile, kuhlanganiswa ingxube evundile esuka enhlabathini yegadi, umquba nomhlabathi onamafutha;
• I-200 g ye-superphosphate ne-600 g yokhuni lomlotha esihlahleni ngasinye yengezwa engxube yenhlabathi;
• ingxenye yengxube yenhlabathi ithululelwa ngaphansi komgodi ngesigaxa;
• i-seedling ivezwa ngaphezulu kwe-knoll ukuze intamo yezimpande ikhiwe ezingeni lomhlabathi;
• izimpande zesithombo seMena zisatshalaliswa phezu kwethambeka lendunduma futhi zimbozwe ngengxube esele yenhlabathi;
• ukuthambisa okuningilizi kanye nokufakwa kwezindebe zombuthano wesiqu.

Okokuqala ngqa ngemuva kokutshala, isithombo kumele sibilishwe kusuka elangeni eliqhakazile futhi siqaphe umswakama wenhlabathi.

Izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe zidluliselwa emgodini wokutshala kanye nenhlama yobumba.

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kwesithombo seMena kuqukethe ukuthambisa okujwayelekile, ukususwa kokhula kanye nokuvinjezelwa kwezifo zokukhunta. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala ngonyaka olandelayo:

• ukugqoka kwentwasahlobo ephezulu - 8 kg komquba, 30 g we-superphosphate ephindwe kabili ne-150 g yokhuni lomlotha ngaphansi kwesihlahla;
• ukugqoka okuphezulu ehlobo - ukuchelela ngamakhambi okugcotshisiwe amakhambi 1 isikhathi emavikini ama-2;
• ukugqoka kwaphezulu ekwindla - 40 g we-kalimagnesia nge-1 m² indilinga yesiqu.

Ukulima ngempumelelo iMena kufaka nokugawulwa kwesihlahla njalo. Izitshalo ezincane ezomile nezihlumela ezinesifo ziyasuswa ekwindla, entwasahlobo - amagatsha aqandisiwe afinqiwe ukuba abe izinkuni eziphilile. Kusukela ngonyaka we-10 wokuphila, ama-bush adinga izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iziqu ezindala kakhulu ziyasikwa, zonke ezinye zinqunywa zibe yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zobude.

Ukukhetha okulungile kwezinhlobo, ukuhambisana nezimo ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa okuhle kuzoqinisekisa ukukhula okumi njalo konyaka weKena nezithelo ezinhle.