Izakhiwo eziwusizo, ukunambitheka okuhle, ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu nokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kokuqala kwenza lo shrub berry uqhudelane. Kodwa ukuze ube nesihlahla esinempilo futhi uthole izitshalo ezinhle kuso, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani kahle ama-gooseberries.
Imigomo eyisisekelo yokulima
Lesi sitshalo esihle singaqala ukuthela izithelo esivele siyiminyaka engama-3-4 emva kokutshala isithombo esincane emhlabathini. Futhi kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20, shrub igcina ithuba lokujabulisa abanini bayo ngokuvuna okuningi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-gooseberry awamhlophe. Futhi nokho, ukunakekelwa okungafanele, ukugula nezinambuzane kungaba yinkinga enkulu.
Kunemithetho eminingana ephoqelekile kumgcini wegadi ngamunye:
- Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukunquma izinhlobonhlobo ze-gooseberry. Ukusinda kwesihlahla, ukuqhakaza izithelo, kanye nokumelana nezifo kuzoncika kulokhu.
- Kubalulekile ukukhetha kahle indawo ongayitshala.
- Khetha isikhathi esiqondile sokutshala isihlahla.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Gooseberry nokutshala kufaka:
- izihlahla
- ukhula nokulinganisa inhlabathi;
- ukuchelela ngesikhathi;
- Umanyolo we-gooseberry;
- ukuvikelwa kwesithwathwa;
- ukulungiselela kahle ukubanda kobusika.
Izimfihlo zokukhula kwama-gooseberry ezweni
Ama-Gooseberry abhekwa njengabathandekayo kubo bonke abalimi. Ukuyinakekela akudingi mzamo omkhulu nemali, futhi izivuno zihlala ziningi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula kwama-gooseberry ezweni kuyisiko.
Indawo yokutshala ama-gooseberries.
Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla se-gooseberry, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo efanelekile yaso. Lokhu kuzoncika kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Isitshalo asihlali kahle futhi sithela izithelo, futhi sitholakala kalula ezifweni ezisemhlabeni, esimanzi ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukugwema imigodi namathafa aphansi lapho amanzi aqongelela khona, izindawo ezinomthunzi noma izindawo ezinomhlabathi wobumba osindayo.- Ukulungiselela isiza sokutshala ama-gooseberries.
Ukuze ukhule ngempumelelo ama-gooseberry esakhiweni somuntu, uma kunesidingo, udinga ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yenhlabathi ngokungeza i-humus, umquba noma umquba kuwo. Isamba esanele sengezwa enhlabathini yobumba ngesilinganiso se-1: 2.
Ukhula luyasuswa endaweni ekhethiwe, kuthiwe umgodi ongamasentimitha angama-40 ngamaphesenti amasentimitha acishe afinyelele. Kufakwa umanyolo: kufinyelela ku-kilogramu yomquba ngomlotha wezinkuni (100g) noma ibhakede lezinto eziphilayo ezibolile. Yonke into ihlangana kahle nenhlabathi, futhi ithululelwa ngamanzi, amalitha ama-3-5. 
Ukufakelwa
Emgodini onamanzi (uthele cishe amalitha ama-5 ngaphambi kokutshala), isithombo esingama-5-6 cm sibekwe kahle endaweni ethambekele ku-45 °. Izimpande zalo, kanye nomswakama, ziyajula enhlabathini, zinamathela ngokuqinile kuwo. Lokhu kokwehla "okumanzi" kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke kube khona okushaya amanzi ezimpandeni, futhi ama-gooseberry azothela ngokushesha. Mboza umgodi ngomhlaba, ushiye umsele ezungeze isiqu.
Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla eziningi ze-gooseberry, khona-ke ibanga phakathi kwazo akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.5.- Isikhathi sokutshala se-Gooseberry.
Ungakhula kanjani amagogo? Into yokuqala yalokhu ukukhetha isikhathi sokufika. Autumn isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke. Isibonelo, maphakathi no-Okthoba, kanye nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho kuvunyelwe ukutshala ama-gooseberries ngisho nasekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Lokhu kunikeza isihlahla isikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokubandayo, khona-ke isikhathi sokuqhakaza siwela ngesikhathi sasebusika. Futhi entwasahlobo isitshalo sikulungele ukuqala ukukhula.
Indawo yokutshala ama-gooseberries.
UkufakelwaUkutshala kwentwasahlobo yezithombo kuvunyelwe. Futhi isikhathi esihle salokhu yilapho inhlabathi iqala ukuncibilika, kepha amahlumela awakavuvukali.
Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla sejamuberry
Lokhu uchungechunge lwezinqubo:
- Ukuvula futhi kugaye inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu sesitshalo.
- Umanyolo ngesikhathi kanye nokunisela of gooseberries.
- Ukunquma isihlahla.
- Yilwa nezifo nezinambuzane.
- Ilungiselela izitshalo zasebusika.
Tillage
Ubuningi bezungeze umqhele womqhele kumele buhlulwe ukhula njalo. Uma inhlabathi okutshalwe kuyo i-gooseberry 'inzima', kungcono ukumba ngokucophelela, ngoba izimpande zesitshalo zitholakala phezulu.
Ukuhlanganiswa nge-humus noma i-peat kuthatha indawo yalezi zinqubo ngokuphelele. Njenge-mulch, ungasebenzisa amagatsha acwengekileyo notshani obomile.
Ukunisela kanye nokufaka umquba amajikijolo
Izithombo ezisencane zidinga ukuthambisa njalo futhi ziningi. Esikhathini esizayo, lapho kukhula ama-gooseberries, kufanelekile ukuchelela njengoba kunesidingo, kuya ngomhlabathi nangezimo zezulu.
Kunconywa ukuthi isitshalo sondliwe okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka: ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, nangemva kokuvuna. Kulokhu, isihlahla esisodwa sizodinga i-80 g ye-superphosphate, i-20 g ye-potassium chloride (noma i-½ inkomishi yomlotha), i-40 g ye-saltpeter ne-10 kg. umquba obolile Ungasebenzisa i-urea entwasahlobo, 30 g nge-1m2.
Ukuthena ugqumugqumu
Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka. Lokhu kususwa kwawo wonke amagatsha esihlahla esomile, esigulayo noma esiqinisayo. Kwenziwa unyaka wonke.
Ukuthena okwakhayo. Kufanele kwenziwe noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile. Inhloso yalokhu kuthenwa ukushiya amagatsha angama-4-5 athuthukiswa kakhulu esihlahleni. Cishe wonke amahlumela amasha asikiwe, amahlumela amadala ancishisiwe. Lawo magatsha asuswa isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-6.
Izifo ze-Gooseberry kanye nezinambuzane
Ngenxa yentuthuko engapheli yabafuyi bezitshalo, izinhlobo zanamuhla zomajikijela amelana nezifo. Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, nazo zisengcupheni yezifo ezahlukahlukene, kanti i-powdery isikhutha iyingozi yokuqala emithini.
Yiziphi izinto ezimbi eziyingozi kulesi sitshalo:
- Ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa;
- Umswakama isikhathi eside;
- Isimo sezulu esipholile.
Ungayinakekela kanjani impilo yakhe?
Ukudonsa okuhle noma ukhula okujwayelekile kuzosiza ukuthi umswakama owedlulele uhambe. Uma wazi ngesithwathwa esisondelayo, unganisela amanzi ngaphambi kwaso lesi sihlahla noma usishutheke ngezinto ezikhethekile (ifilimu kufanele lisuswe phakathi nosuku).
Isitha sokuqala sika-gooseberry yisikhutha esinamandla, kepha ukubola, ukubona kanye ne-anthracnose kusongela isitshalo. Ukufafaza okuningana kwezitshalo kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga ekwindla, noma entwasahlobo kuze kube ukuqhakaza kuvuleka nge-sulfate yensimbi (3 g nge-1 litre yamanzi). Lezi zindlela zombili zokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa ekutholweni kokuqala kwezimpawu zesifo.
Ukusuka ku-aphid nezinye izinambuzane, ukumnika umlotha kuyasebenza (1 kg. Kumalitha ama-3 amanzi). Entwasahlobo yokuqala nangemuva kokuqhakaza, isihlahla siphathwa njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela.
Izifo zithinta isivuno sesitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubheka isimo sesihlahla, futhi siphendule zonke izidingo zaso ngesikhathi.
Ukuvikelwa kukajamuberry kumakhaza
Ama-Gooseberry atholakalayo, futhi ngaphansi kweqhwa eliwile izimpande zalo zizizwa zivikelekile impela. Kepha abalimi batusa ukuthi bangakhohlwa ukucubungula isihlahla ngamathuluzi azosiza isitshalo ukuthi singaguli futhi sinikeze isivuno esihle.
- Into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ngemuva kokuvuna nokuwa amaqabunga ukuqoqa konke imfucumfucu yesitshalo ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ngemuva kwalokho kukhona i-gooseberry ephathwa nge-1% Bordeaux ewuketshezi, isifafaze ngokucophelela.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukugaya umhlabathi eduze kwesiqu ukuze uvimbele izinambuzane ukuba zingasebenzisi ngokweqile.
- Manje udinga ukufaka umanyolo.
Ukutshala i-Gooseberry ezimweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene
Lapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ze-gooseberry, umuntu kufanele acabangele izimo zesimo sezulu lapho zizokhula khona. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, nakekela lesi sitshalo, kuya ngohlobo lokushisa lomoya, uhlobo nenani lemvula evamile yonyaka, kanye nezinye izimo zezulu zendawo ethile.
Isibonelo, ikakhulukazi ukutshalwa kwama-gooseberries eSiberia kufaka phakathi izindlela ezengeziwe zokulungiselela ubusika.
Isihlahla, ngaphezu kokumbozwa ngomhlabathi noma sawdust phansi, sakha indunduma, sibuye simbozwe nge-agrospan. Lokhu kungukuthi uma iqhwa elinamandla lifikile ngaphambi kweqhwa.
Uma kwenzeka iqhwa selivele lawa, ungaguqa phansi ugqumugqumu kahle emhlabathini, uwenze ngamabhodi, uwagcwalise ngeqhwa. Kulokhu, ama-gooseberries ebusika kahle ngisho nasezindaweni ezibandayo ikakhulukazi zezwe.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-gooseberry zingakwenza ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe. Lokhu kufaka uHorton, Red Big, nabanye.
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo ama-gooseberries emadolobheni angaphansi, udinga ukusondela ngokufanele ekukhetheni kwezinhlobo ezifanele. Yini izidingo zabo:
- Ukumelana ne-powdery hlobo;
- Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kokuqala nokuphakathi zifanelwe kangcono;
- Lezo esezinconyelwe kakhulu futhi njengezilungele ukutshala maphakathi neRussia. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, "Okuthembekile", "uMalachite", "uMsuka", "uPlum" nabanye abaningi.
Izici zokukhula kwama-gooseberries kusuka imbewu
Kwabalimi abaningi, akunzima ukukhulisa ama-gooseberries kusuka kuzithombo. Kepha kunezinye izindlela, ngokwesibonelo, ngembewu noma ngesisekelo sendawo.
Nazi ezinye izimfihlo zokukhula kwama-gooseberries kusuka kwimbewu:
- Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa imbewu kusuka amajikijolo avuthiwe bese uwageza kusuka epulpiti, yomile.
- Musa ukugcina imbewu, bese kuthi lapho isomile, ihlwanyele ngokushesha.
- Phansi kwamabhodwe okudonsa amanzi empeleni kubekwa.
- Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nezilinganiso ezilinganayo ingxube yobumba evundile evela engadini, ingxube ye-humus nesihlabathi.
- Hlwanyela ekujuleni kwe-0.5 cm, njalo nge-5 cm.
- Thela bese umboza nge-foil, ubeke amabhodwe egumbini elinokushisa okungu-3-5 ° C.
- Ungavumeli inhlabathi yomile.
Maphakathi nentwasahlobo, amabhodwe ayiswa engadini ayongcwatshwa. Izithombo ezikhulile ziyantshontshelwa lapho kuvela amapheshana ama-2 wangempela kuzo. Umhlaba lapho behlala khona kufanele bavundiswe kahle: ngesikwele samamitha ayi-10 kg. umquba ovuthiwe, kanye nenani elifanayo lama-humus. Esikhathini esizayo, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe njalo, iniselwe futhi ivundiswe izithombo zejogoberry ezincane.
