I-genus deuterium ifaka izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 ezinhle zezimbali ezingama-shrub ezinezimbali ezinhle ezikhula ezindaweni zase-East Asia, iHimalayas naseMexico. Osayizi bawo bayashintshashintsha ebangeni elinobubanzi obulinganayo - ukusuka kwengxenye yemitha kuya kumamitha amane ukuphakama. Isici salezi zitshalo yikhono lweziqu ukuthi zikhule ngisho nangemva kokuba yiqhwa elinzima kakhulu futhi liqhume ngonyaka owodwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Isenzo esinzima endle imelwe eChina naseJapan. Kukweleta igama laso ngamahlamvu angenamikhawulo, anamachashaza aphethe i-villi encane. Ukuphakama kwalolu hlobo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5, amagxolo avela phezulu esiqwini apendwe ngombala obomvu noma onsomi, amakhekhe we-inflorescence of a white or pinkish tint akhula aze afike ku-12 cm ubude.
- Izakhiwo zasengadini ezimangalisa ngokwedlulele ngezimbali ezimibalabala, ngaphansi kwesisindo sazo lesi sihlahla siguqa ku-arc, kuyilapho zibhekwa njengenye yeziqhwa ebusika kunazo zonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ifomu lokuhlobisa. isenzo se-terry ngezimbali ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili ngaphakathi nezimbali ngaphandle.
Isenzo esihle kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme zoMhlaba weLanga eliKhuphukayo, kuyaphawuleka ngokuphakama kwawo okuncane (kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5), izihlahla ezikhephukile nokuqhakaza okunothile. Amaqabunga akhonjwe, afinyelela ku-6 cm ubude, angenalutho kusuka phansi futhi ambozwe izinwele ezivela phezulu, eshintsha umbala kusuka kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo ehlobo kuya ophuzi ekwindla. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezihlanzekile zakha amabhulashi aqondile afike ku-9 cm ubude.
Ukuqala kwenkathi yezimbali yalesi zilwane kubuya emasontweni ama-2 ngaphambili kunaphambilini, futhi ubude bawo buyizinsuku ezingama-25- 35.
- Isenzo nikko - Ingenye yezincane kunazo zonke ezinokuphakama okufika ku-80 cm kanye nobubanzi bomqhele obufika ku-100 cm. Izimbali zihlobisa kakhulu, ziqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ekwindla, amahlamvu ezinhlobonhlobo aba bomvu.
Amur Deytsiya - izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme (ukuya kumamitha ayi-2) ezinamagxolo ansundu (kamuva abe ngwevu), iziqubu ze-oval pubescent ziba ngama-6 cm ubude. Umbala wamahlamvu entwasahlobo nasehlobo uluhlaza okhanyayo noma oluhlaza okotshani, bese ekwindla kube nsundu. Ama-inflorescence akhiwa ngezimbali ezimhlophe futhi anobubanzi obufika ku-7 cm. Itholakala ngesimo sayo semvelo e-Far East, North Korea nase China.
Deysia Lemoine - kufinyelela ku-1,6 m ukuphakama, nomqhele ovundile obabazekayo, izimbali ezimhlophe ukuya kufinyelela ku-2 cm ubukhulu, zihlelwe kuma-inflorescence athusayo ngqo. Kuqala ukuqhakaza ngoMeyi.
- Izinhlobo zomhlobiso zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Amasimu we-Action Lemoine Strawberry (enombala ophuzi ophuzi ngaphakathi nezimbali ezinombala o-raspberry ngaphandle)
- Isenzomont rose (engenazo izimbali ezinobukhulu ezingafani nhlobo zohlobo olupinki olukhanyayo nezinsimbi ezisontekile).
Isenzo esimangalisayo iyi-hybrid ebusika obunzima kakhulu ebusika ebudle ilifa bayo. Ama-inflorescence ngesimo sezambulela ezingafika ku-10 cm ubude aqoqwa kusuka kuzimbali ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili, okunikeza ukuqhakaza okuvuthayo impela amasonto ama-3.
- Deytsiya Turbilon Rouge enezimbali eziqinile eziqonde ku-1.8 m, izimbali ezibomvana ezimhlophe obumhlophe ngokwezinga le-inflemose inflorescences nama blooms ahlobisa kakhulu okuhlobisa ekuqaleni kwaphakathi ehlobo futhi abukeka emuhle kakhulu ekwindla nasekupheleni kobusika.
Isenzo pink - I-hybrid esekwe kumusa. I-compact kakhulu (ifinyelela kumitha eli-1 ukuphakama) enamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama nezimbali ezinobukhuluamasentimitha owodwa nesigamu.
Isenzo esimhlophe - Enye yezinto nzalo ekhangayo, efinyelela ku-2 m mall, iqhakaza engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo. Izimbali ezingama-terry ezimhlophe qhwa kufika ku-3 cm ubukhulu, ziqoqana kuma-inflorescence afika ku-12 cm. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhulayo kahle nangokunakekelwa okufanele, zingaphila iminyaka eyi-50!
Ukutshala nokunakekela kwangaphandle
Ngesikhathi sokufika kwezenzo, kufanele zinqunywe kubude be-2,5 m ukusuka komunye nomunye naku-2 m - phakathi kwemigqa. Okuncanyelwayo kuvulekile noma kubomvu kancane kusuka ezindaweni zelanga zasemini.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngokujula okungama-40-50 cm, kusale izinga lentamo yomhlabathi nomhlabathi. Ukuvuselela ukuqhakaza, izitshalo zivundiswa ngomquba owuketshezi okwenziwa ngamalitha angama-5-6 lilinye.
Isenzo sokunisela
Kunconywa ukunisela izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga ngesizini ehlobo esishisayo ngenani lamalitha ayi-15- 20 ngesitshalo ngasinye. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezijwayelekile, moisten ngobuncane obuncane - izikhathi ezi-1-2 kumalitha ama-8-10.
Inhlabathi yesenzo
UDeytsiya ukhetha ukungathathi hlangothi okuvundile (okunenkomba ye-acidity ka-5-8) yenhlabathi. Kungaba yinto ethandekayo, kepha akunakunqotshwa umswakama ngokuqongelela izinto, ngoba ukumiswa komswakama wobumba kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwesitshalo.
Isendlalelo esifanele sesenzo sabadala yingxube yesihlabathi somfula, i-humus ne-peat (noma umquba) kwisilinganiso 2: 2: 1. Ngezizathu ezichazwe ngenhla, futhi akunconywa ukubeka lesi sitshalo ezindaweni lapho amanzi asemhlabeni egeleza khona eduze komhlaba.
Ukufakelwa kwesenzo
Uhlelo lwezimpande zomsebenzi luhlanganisa izimpande ezinkulu ze-1-2, ezinwebeka ngokujula, nezimpande eziningi ezincane ze-fibrous. Kuyinto yokugcina enikeza isenzo amandla okubhekana kahle nokufakelwa. Le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho abemba khona isihlahla ngokucophelela, kulondolozwa ukwakheka kwengqimba yobumba, uma kungenzeka (uhlaka lomqhele lusebenza njengesiqondiso sendlela yokuhlangana komhlaba phansi).
Ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo esinenhlama endaweni entsha, inhlabathi yegodi yokutshala ivundiswa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali (20-30 g). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka indawo yentamo yezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa ukuze ingagxili kakhulu futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, ingakhuphuki ngaphezulu kwezinga lokumboza inhlabathi.
Umanyolo wokusebenza
Ukugqoka okwedlulele kwesenzo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma utshala, khona-ke kudinga kuphela amalitha ama-3-4 omquba owuketshezi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye ngenyanga. Kunconyelwa ngaphezu kwalokho ukumondla kabili ngesizini ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali (100-150 g ngesihlahla ngasinye).
Ukuncipha kwesenzo
Izihlahla zenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka - entwasahlobo (ukususwa kwamagatsha aqandisiwe, omile, aphukile futhi ochotshoziwe) futhi ehlobo (ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ukuthenwa okuyinhloko). Ukuthena kwehlobo kufaka phakathi ukufinyeza iziqu ngomunye wesithathu ngokulungiswa kwesimo sesihlahla okuhambisana nakho.
Uma kwenzeka ukubukeka kwesenzo akuyona into oyifunayo, ungayisika ngokuphele kuze kube phansi, ushiye isiphunzi esisodwa. Lezi zenzo zizoba nomphumela ovusa amadlingozi emsebenzini wokukhula kweziqu zezimpande, okuzogcina kuholele ekuqubukeni kwesihlahla esisha esinamandla okulandelayo.
Indawo yokukhosela ebusika
Uma ucabanga ukuthi isenzo lesi yisitshalo esinzima ebusika, kufanele simbozwe ngeqabunga elomile, elomile ebusika, senze ungqimba lwama-10-20 cm .Ukugoba amahlumela ezinhlobo eziphansi emhlabathini ngeke kube nzima, ngenkathi ngezenzo ezinde kunzima kakhulu.
Ekupheleni ekwindla, izihlahla ziboshwe ngokuqinile ngento efanelekayo yokuphefumula (ngokwesibonelo, ama-synthetics asetshenziswa ezikhwameni zikashukela), ngenkathi amaqabunga angakafiki adlala indima yekhava eyengeziwe. Ngale ndlela engeyona eyethusayo, cishe ukulondolozwa okuphelele kwezihlahla kuyafinyeleleka ngisho nakwaqhwa phansi kuya ku-30 C.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ukusabalalisa isenzo ngezimbewu, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngaphandle kokulungiselela. Lapho uhlwanyela, kwanele ukucindezela imbewu ngokuqinile ngaphandle kokuyitshala. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amahlumela azovela, ngokuzayo, ukuhluma kungahlala iminyaka emi-3.
Imbewu igcinwa emakamelweni apholile, ivalekile kahle emikhunjini noma ivalwe emigqonyeni yepulasitiki Ukugwema ukomisa ukuphuma kwembewu kanye nezithombo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amabhokisi wokuhlwanyela ukuze uhlwanyele. Izithombo ezineminyaka engu-1 ubudala, ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa eliphansi, zidinga ukuhlela indawo yokukhosela, kufanele zingene entwasahlobo. Ezimweni ezinhle, ukuqhakaza kungenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu.
Ukusakazeka kwe-dacia ngokusikeka
Ukusika okuluhlaza kuyindlela efanelekile yokusakazeka kwezenzo, ebonakala ngesilinganiso se-90-100% kumazinga okushisa angama-15-30 C kanye nenkungu yokufakelwa (ngenxa yokufafaza kusuka kumazwibela).
8 - 10 cm kusuka kuma-stems amakhulu abantu abadala anqunywa ekubeni ama-cutways entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kungcono ukuthi uphathe lesi sigaba nge-stimulator yokwakhiwa kwezimpande. I-sand peat nesihlabathi somfula ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo zilungele ingxube yenhlabathi.
Kuyadingeka ukujula okusikiwe ngesigamu sentimitha, ukugcina indawo ethambekele okuncane, bese ufafaza ungqimba lwesihlabathi olunamasentimitha amathathu. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-2, izithombo zingatshalwa endaweni ezinzile.
Izinhlobo ezisikiwe kufanele zilungiselelwe ekwindla sekwedlule, lapho isitshalo siphumule. Izimbambo ezisikwe ku-15-25 cm ubude zibe ngama-3-5 efihlekile ngakunye, zixhunyaniswe phakathi kwazo ngezixha zezingcezu eziyi-10-15 futhi, endaweni eqondile, zicishe zilale nesihlabathi esithambile. Ngakho-ke kufanele zigcinwe kuze kube entwasahlobo egumbini elingaphansi, khona-ke zingatshalwa ngokufaniswa nokusikwa okuluhlaza.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
UDeytsiya uhlobene nezitshalo ezilwa nezifo nezinambuzane. Hhayi icala elijwayelekile isiqu se-bumblebee esidla iqabunga, esuswa ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-phthalophos esingu-0.15% noma i-karbofos.
