IBilbergia (Billbergia) isitshalo esihlala sikhona se-epiphytic nesisemhlabeni, singowomndeni wakwa-bromeliad. Isimo sezulu esomile kanye nezinguquko zokushisa ezibukhali zilungele i-bilbergia. Amaqabunga anemibala, aqine futhi abukeka njengethhubhu, ngenxa yokuthi aqongelela umswakama ngaphakathi kwawo. Imiphetho yamahlamvu inezikhafu, futhi yonke indawo ingaphezulu yembozwe ngezinto ezikhethekile zesikali. Izimbali zinemibala egqamile, futhi zibukeka njengezindilinga, zingakhuphuka ngepayipi. Isitshalo sithela nezithelo ngesimo samajikijolo.
Izinqubo ngezikhathi ezithile zivela ezinhlangothini, ngenxa yalesi sihlahlana esikhulu sakhiwa esinama-rosette ahlukile, isitshalo esinjalo singaba nobude obungafika emasentimitheni angama-60. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-ovaries anemibala avela ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu. Ngokuzayo, ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, ama-rosette ayafa, bese kuvela izinqubo ezintsha endaweni yazo, engaqhakaza ngesizini elandelayo. Esihlahleni esingapheli, izinqubo eziningi zingavela ezikwazi ukunika izimbali ngasikhathi sinye. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka kwezimbali, izinqubo ezindala kufanele zinqunywe, ngaleyo ndlela zivuselela isihlahla.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Bilberg ekhaya
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okugqamile futhi okufiphalisayo, kepha uma ehlobo ilanga lisebenza kakhulu, khona-ke isihlahlana sidinga ukuhlinzeka ngomthunzi, ngoba lokhu amabhodwe abekwe emafasiteleni asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Isitshalo singabekwa ohlangothini olusenyakatho, kepha asinikezi ukuqhakaza. Ehlobo, amabhodwe angahanjiswa ngaphandle, njengoba isihlahla sidinga umoya ovulekile. Kepha kuyadingeka ukuyivikela elangeni elisebenzayo, kanye nemvula.
Ukushisa
Isimo sezulu esibandayo, ekwindla nasebusika, ngoba i-bilbergia kufanele ilondoloze izinga lokushisa elingama-degrees ayi-18-20 Ukuqhakaza ngokushesha, izinga lokushisa lehliselwa kancane, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-13. Isitshalo akufanele kube ngaso sonke isikhathi emazingeni aphansi okushisa, lokhu kungaholela ezifweni. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elilungile kufanele libe ngama-20-25 degrees.
Umswakama womoya
Isitshalo singaba khona ngomswakama ophansi egumbini, kodwa uma izinga lokushisa lidlula ama-degrees angama-22, bese befafaza amanzi ngefomu elixazululiwe, ngoba lithambile. Lapho izimbali sezakhiwa, imbiza ibekwa esitofini esikhethekile esenziwe ngumbumbi omanzi noma ngobumba olwandisiwe, kodwa phansi kwesitsha akumele kume emanzini.
Ukunisela
Kusukela entwasahlobo nakuyo yonke inkathi yehlobo, umhlaba osethangi kufanele unyanyiswe, kepha ngasikhathi sinye akufanele uvunyelwe ukugwaza endaweni yokuma. Ebusika, kuthambisa inani elilinganiselwe, cishe kanye ngesonto, ngenkathi inhlabathi ingoma kancane, lokhu kubhekwa njengento eyamukelekayo. Izinqubo ezinjalo, amanzi ayavikelwa, kufanele futhi kube emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Uma izinga lokushisa lekamelo lingaphezu kwama-degree angama-20, khona-ke amanzi athululelwa ngqo emaqabungeni. Kepha emazingeni okushisa aphansi noma uma ehlathini liqhume, awukwazi ukwenza isenzo esinjalo, uma kungenjalo kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni.
Inhlabathi
IBilbergia ayikhethi ngokwakheka komhlaba, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi enamaqabunga, ipeat kanye ne-humus nge-moss echotshoziwe. Ingxube enjalo iyathandeka futhi inenzuzo yamabhishi.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ngenkathi yokukhula, ukugcina zonke izinsuku eziyi-14, dlisa okhethekile izitshalo ze-bromilium, lokhu kwenziwa emhlabathini oswakeme. Ungasebenzisa futhi ezinye izindlela kunoma yisiphi isasekhaya, ezifuywa ngesigamu esivamile. Emikhiqizweni enjalo, okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen kufanele kube kuncane, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizokufa.
Ukufakelwa
Lapho isihlahlana sikhula, nembiza iba mincane, ifakelwe esitsheni esikhulu, kufanele ibe nokujula okuncane, kepha ububanzi be-volumetric. Ngezansi yenza imishini ephezulu yokugeleza komoya okuhle ezimpandeni kanye nokususwa okusheshayo koketshezi oluningi.
Ukuzalela kwe-Bilbergia
Lesi sitshalo singakhiqiza kabusha ngosizo lwembewu nenzalo yezimpande (izingane), ezikhula kusuka empandeni.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele ifakwe endaweni yesisombululo se-manganese, bese yomiswa kahle. Kuhlwanyelwa kwinhlanganisela ye-peat nesihlabathi noma i-moss oqoshiwe, kutholakala isembozo kusuka phezulu kusuka ku-polyethylene noma ingilazi. Izinga lokushisa kufanele lihlale likhona, cishe ama-degree angama-21, ngenkathi kufafazwa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, kanye nomoya Lapho kuvela amaqabunga, amahlumela ahamba kancane kancane adala isimo sezulu esomile. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amathathu, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Ukuzalwa kabusha yizingane
Izingane ziyaxhuma emthini oyinhloko ngenyanga yesithathu, lapho zitshalwa. Lapho izingane zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-20, ziyaxoshwa futhi zinqunywe. Zonke izigaba zimbozwe ngamalahle enkuni futhi zomiswe kancane endaweni enomoya omncane.
Ukulungiselela ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kusetshenziswa inhlabathi eshidi, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi, ne-humus eyodwa. Futhi, isiqu singabekwa ngokushesha emhlabathini, okuhloselwe isihlahla esidala. Ukuze izingane zikwazi ukuthatha kahle, kubalulekile ukugcina amazinga okushisa angama-22, ngenkathi okushisa kufanele kube kusuka phansi, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kumele kube okungenani ngama-25 degrees. Ukuze wandise umswakama, udinga ukubeka imbiza noma isikhwama kukho konke ukusikeka. Ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele kuthinte isibambo uqobo, ngenxa yalokho, izinti eziningana zifakwa esitsheni, lapho iphakethe lidonswa khona, imiphetho yalo ixhunyiwe ngebhande elastic. Uketshezi oluqoqayo luzokwehla esikhwameni noma embizeni, hhayi isitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho kungavela ukubola.
Kule nqubo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kokubukeka okuhlakazekile, ngaphandle kwemisebe yelanga esebenzayo, ukufudumala, umswakama omuhle, kanye nokushisa kokuqamba kwenhlabathi kusuka kuma-25 degrees.
Izimbiza ezinomhlabathi zingashiswa kusetshenziswa izibani ezikhethekile noma amabhethri wokushisa ajwayelekile. Uma izimo zivuma, khona-ke izimpande zakha zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuvimba ukoma ukuphuma noma ukubumba ngokweqile ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile umoya omncane unikeze amahlumela, okungukuthi, ususe isikhwama imizuzu eminingana ngosuku. Uma ihlumela lamukelwa, khona-ke kuvela amaqabunga amasha aluhlaza enkabeni.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, izihlahla ezindala zingahlukaniswa, ziqhakaza ngesizini ezayo.
Ubunzima ekukhuleni i-bilbergia
- Amabhasi angashiswa yilanga, kanti amaqabunga athola izindawo ezinombala onsundu onsundu - lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo kufanele sisuswe emisebeni yelanga esebenzayo.
- Lapho amathiphu amaqabunga enziwe mnyama - ama-stagnates omswakama emiseleni noma amanzi anzima kakhulu kwisitshalo.
- Uma ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kugxiliwe kakhulu amanzi - lokhu kuholela ekubolweni, ukufa kwesihlahla uqobo, kanye nezinqubo zalo.
- Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya - izisekelo ezinamaqabunga zingabola ezinhlangothini.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ama-Bilbergs angahlaselwa izinambuzane ezinjengama-aphid, ama-mealybugs, izibungu zesicabucabu noma izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezinga elithile. Izinambuzane ezinjengalezi zingazala emaqabungeni, ezinhlangothini zombili, kuyilapho ukugqila kokukhanya kubonakala kuluhlaza, bese isitshalo sifa. Ukuvimbela, kuyadingeka ukuqapha futhi uhlole isitshalo. Izinambuzane zingasuswa ngesiponji esinosokisi noma i-rag.
Uma i-lesion ibalulekile, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza ukucubungula ngezindlela ezikhethekile, okungukuthi, i-actellic ne-malathion. Ukuthola isisombululo, imali ihlanjululwa kwilitha elilodwa lamanzi cishe ngamaconsi angama-20. Zonke izilonda kumele ziqashelwe ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-bush azokufa.
