I-Gladioli yokutshala ngaphandle nokunakekela isitoreji sokuhlanza

IGladioli izimbali ebezikhulile kudala emibhedeni yethu yezimbali, kepha bake babhekwe njengokhula olonakalisa izilimo zikakolweni. Endle, lesi sitshalo sikhula eNingizimu Afrika, futhi abalimi bethu bakhulisa ngempumelelo le mbali lapho betshala futhi benakekela endaweni evulekile cishe kuyo yonke indawo eRussia nase-Ukraine.

Imininingwane ejwayelekile

Ngokuvamile, isayensi yazi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili zama-gladioli, futhi isibalo sezinhlobo ezihlukaniswa abafuyi bezimpahla esedlula izinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Elinye igama lalembali lithi "fennel", kungenxa yesimo esibi saso nezimbali zesitshalo.

Ngokuvamile ama-gladioli akhulelwe ukusetshenziswa ema-bouquets. Umbala wezimbali ze-gladiolus ungahluka kakhulu, kufaka obomvu, ulilac, omhlophe, opinki, ophuzi futhi usondele ngisho nomnyama. Konke lokhu kusiza ukudala amalungiselelo ezimibalabala. Phakathi kokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ze-gladioli kungahlukaniswa:

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-gladioli

I-Byzantine gladiolus ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu, okunesiqu ephakathi nendawo nezimbali eziwububende obukhangayo.

Gladiolus Muriel izimbali ezinemibala emibili zivela emasimini aluhlaza okhanyayo alezi zinhlobo - okuphakathi kumnyama ngombala obomvu, kanti lonke ipalishi limhlophe.

Gladiolus Maya Plisetskaya Uhlobo olunesiqu saso esimbozwe ngembozwe izimbali ezinkulu, ezinamakholomu ngombala ophuzi ophuzi.

Gladiolus oscar lokhu okuhlukahlukene kukhulu kakhulu, kungathi kumbozwe nge-velvet, izimbali ezinombala obomvu okhanyayo.

Gladiolus Amber Baltic izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezinombala ocebile we-peach, eduze nendawo okumila ubomvu.

I-Gladiolus velvet emnyama Kuyiqiniso, izimbali zalolu hlobo azimnyama ngokuphelele, kepha zinomthunzi omnyama ocebile, owenza obomvu noma onsomi, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo.

Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingenhla, ziyathandwa malika, ingadi ehlobo, UMlada, sphetophore, priscilla nabanye.

Ukutshala kweGladiolus nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile

Kulabo asebekhule isikhathi eside beyi-gladioli, ukuyitshala nokuyinakekela akuyona inkinga, kepha ngokuvamile, ukukhula lezi zimbali kunezici ezithile.

Ukutshala i-gladioli kuqala ngokusebenza kwama-bulbs noma izingane zabo. Basusa izikali ku-tubers ukuze amahlumela aqhubeke eqinile. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimanzi zidonswa kude. Ungabashiya kuphela uma isibazi noma i-sclerotinia kuphela sibathinte kancane. Kulokhu, indawo yokutheleleka inqunywa futhi igcotshwe ngohlaza okotshani.

Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, izinto zigcinwa endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo zize ziqale ukuhluma.

Ukufika ekutshaleni, ama-bulbs adinga ukuphathwa ngethuluzi elizobasiza ukuthi balwe nama-thrips kanye nesikhunta. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwazi ukugcobhoza impahla imizuzu engama-30 ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate futhi, ngaphandle kokugeza, usebenze ngokufika.

Izingane zidinga nezindlela zokulungiselela. Emavikini amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, ulwelwesi luyasuswa ezinsoni bese lubekwa ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okuluhlaza kuze kuhlume. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, beka impahla amahora ayisishiyagalolunye kusisombululo se-manganese.

Ukutshala i-gladioli, udinga ukukhetha indawo ekhanyiswe kahle engakhanyiswa imisebe eqondile - i-gladioli ibekezelela ukushisa kahle kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi indawo okufika kuyo yayiphansi, ngoba izimpande zezitshalo zibola.

Inhlabathi ye-gladioli

IGladiolus idinga inhlabathi ye-acidity ephansi, cishe i-6.5 pH. Kwezinye izimo, i-gladioli iqala ukulimala. Inhlabathi enomsoco nayo iyadingeka, ikhula kahle kuma-chernozems. Uma uhlala ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi engondlekile kahle, kuzodingeka uzicebise.

Sikucebisa ukuthi utshale i-gladioli ezindaweni lapho kwakulinywa khona imifino, imifino. Kepha ezindaweni zokulinyelwa kwezitshalo zezimpande kanye no-asters, kuyalulekwa ngokuqinile ukuthi ungakwenzi lokhu.

Kungcono ukukhetha indawo lapho ungatshala khona ekwindla bese uyifaka umanyolo ngomanyolo we phosphorus owomile kanye ne-potash. IGladioli itshalwe ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kepha ukuphambuka amasonto ambalwa kungenzeka ngenxa yesimo sezulu sesifunda sakho.

Kuqhekezwa umsele lapho ama-tubers ajula khona. Uma inhlabathi ilula, lapho-ke indawo yokuphumula yenziwa ngamamitha ama-4 we-isibani. Uma isindayo, khona-ke ngo-3. Igebe eliphakathi kwemigqa yezitshalo licishe libe ngu-20 cm.

Isihlabathi somfula sibekwa ezansi komsele, kepha kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sphagnum, ngoba igcina inhlabathi inomswakama futhi isiza ekulweni nokubola.

Ukunakekela i-gladioli kudinga ukunakekelwa. Ngezitshalo ezincane ezifinyelela ku-10 cm, udinga ukumboza isigaba se-5 cm ngesendlalelo se-humus (mulch it).

Ukunisela gladioli

IGladioli iniselwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Udinga ukunisela kakhulu, cishe ngebhakede ngemitha yesikwele. Zama ukugcina amanzi egeleza ngqo enhlabathini futhi ungaweli esihlahleni nasehlamvu. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ukuthambisa kuvame kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokunisela, ukukhululwa kwendawo kwenziwa. Le nqubo kumele yenziwe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Uma ama-peduncle engasekeli isisindo se-buds, khona-ke kunengqondo ukwenza ukusekelwa kwawo.

Qaphela izimbali futhi ungashiyi izimbali ezivilaphayo nezomile kumahlumela ukuze zingashiyi izakhamzimba.

Futhi, kaningana ngesikhathi sasehlobo, isiza sizodinga ukhula kusuka kukhula. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni kokukhula kwe-gladioli, lapho ukhula lungamane lukhiphe amahlumela angakavuthwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni enganakwa, izitshalo zivame ukugula futhi zihlushwa ama-slugs.

Yondla i-gladioli

IGladioli idinga ukuvundiswa. Kulokhu, zombili izinto ezinokumbiwa kanye nezinto eziphilayo ziyasetshenziswa.

Umanyolo wezimbiwa usetshenziswa kathathu.

Owokuqala ngumanyolo wenitrogen. Lokhu kwenziwa lapho kwakhiwa amaqabunga eqiniso ezitshalweni.
Okwesibili, ngaphezu kwe-nitrogen, phosphorus kanye nomanyolo we-potassium kufakiwe. Zilethwa lapho kuvela amashidi angama-6-7 kwi-gladiolus.
Okwesithathu kufakwa i-phosphorus ne-potassium kuphela. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela i-peduncle, kusukela lapho isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwama-buds siqala.

Futhi, izinto eziphilayo ngeke zilimaze. Kufanele usebenzise i-liquid top dress, ngoba kuzoba lula ukuthi izimbali zizithole. Ukufakwa kwethoni yezinyoni kufanelekile. Lo manyolo usetshenziswa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15-20. Kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti, kufanelekile ukuyeka ukugqoka. Akunconywa futhi ukusebenzisa umanyolo wamahhashi njengamanyolo we-gladioli.

Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-Foliar nakho kuyasiza. Ukufafaza i-gladiolus nge-mineral top dress izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo kuzokwandisa ubuhle bezimbali futhi kusheshise ukuqala kwayo.

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukusikwa kwezimbali - lokhu akunakwenziwa uma ufuna. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngesikhathi esithile, okungukuthi ekuseni nakusihlwa. Sika i-peduncle ephansi ngokwanele ukufihla phakathi kwamahlamvu.

Ukuhlanza i-gladioli ekwindla nasekugcinweni

Ngokuqala kwekwindla, udinga ukucabanga ngokulondolozwa kwe-gladioli ngonyaka olandelayo.

Cishe okweshumi kwenyanga kaSepthemba (kepha uma i-gladioli yakho iqhakaza isikhathi eside, bese kuthi kamuva) udinga ukumba ama, hlukanisa izingane kusuka ku-tuber kamama, uchithe amasampula anesifo bese ucubungula lezo ezisengasindiswa.

Amahlumela anqunywa ama-secateurs, ngemuva kokumba. Izinto eziqoqwe zigezwa ngamanzi agobhozayo bese zibulawa magciwane ngesisombululo se-baseazole, kulandele ukugeza futhi, bese kucutshungulwa nesixazululo se-manganese.

Ngemuva kwalokhu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zomile izinsuku ezimbalwa bese zidluliselwa emabhokisini. Izinsuku zokuqala eziyi-15 zokugcina zenzeka emazingeni okushisa afudumele kakhulu, ikholomu ye-thermometer ingakhuphuka ifike ku-30 ° C. Okulandelayo, amazinga okushisa ancishiselwa ku-20 ° C futhi azohlala enjalo kuze kube ukuhlanza kwentwasahlobo. Ungakhohlwa ukuvula ama-bulbs ngezikhathi ezithile ebusika bonke.

Izingane eziqoqwe ngemuva kokumba nazo ziyashiywa. Zigcinwa ku-5 ° C, ngoba amazinga okushisa aphezulu aphazamisa kabi ukuhluma. Ukugcinwa kwezingane esiqandisini kuvunyelwe.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukusho ezinye izeluleko ezengeziwe zokukhulisa lezi zimbali.

Awukwazi ukutshala izitshalo endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2.
Lapho udlulisela endaweni entsha, ushintsho ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi lulungele izimbali.
Ama-bulbs ekufanele athengwe ngokukhula esimweni sakho sezulu kufanelekile ukuthenga.
Musa ukutshala izingane nezilimo eziyizigaxa eduze, ngoba ezokugcina zizokulwa zangaphambili.
Zama ukutshala ama-bulbs nezingane ukujula okulungile, ngoba uma ukujula kunganele, iziqu ziyokuwa, futhi uma kutshalwe kujule kakhulu, kungahle kube nokuqhakaza.
Lapho ukhule ngo-loam sandy, lesi sitshalo sidinga umanyolo owengeziwe kunakweminye inhlabathi.
Imibhede ene-gladioli kufanele ingene umoya, ukuze uvikele ukubonakala kwesikhunta.