I-assortment yama-suppulents namuhla ayikhawulwanga emithini ye-cacti nemali. Izinhlobo zezidalwa ezihlukile zidonsela ukunaka okuthe xaxa, ukubukeka kwako kungembuli ngokushesha amandla okuphila ezimeni ezinzima. Enye yezinto ezixakile ezithandekayo yi-pachypodium. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sathola igama lesundu laseMadagascar: isiqhwaga esihle ngokwangaphandle sibukeka njengommeleli womndeni wesundu. Kepha kufanelekile ukubhekisisa i-pachypodium, futhi zonke izici ezihehayo zesitshalo zizovela ekukhanyeni okusha.
I-pachypodium rosette (pachypodium rosulatum).
I-Pachypodium (I-Pachypodium) - uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwaKutrov (I-Apocynaceae), okubandakanya izinhlobo ezingama-23. Igama lohlobo livela kumagama esiGreek athi "παχύ" - "fat" no- "ποδιυμ" - "umlenze".
I-Pachypodium - emnandi ngesilinganiso esikhulu
Impela akunakwenzeka ukubiza i-pachypodium ukuthi isitshalo esijwayelekile, esidala, kanye nesikhundla phakathi kwabaxhasi abajwayelekile. Isidalwa esimangalisayo esibonakala singeyona eyejwayelekile sibonisa ukuthi siyindilinga yekhiyusi nentende, futhi ubukhulu bayo bufana kakhulu neziqhwaga ezishisayo. Ngobuhlakani, ngesigaxa sokugcina, amaqabunga amangalisayo amaqabunga, i-pachypodium ingenye yezindlela zokuqala zasendlini ezingaphandle, ezingakhethi futhi zikanokusho ngasikhathi sinye.
IPachypodium, eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke njengesihlahla sesundu saseMadagascar, iyindawo ekhethekile enamandla yekamelo. Isitshalo esinjengesihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha, ezimweni zamakamelo kude kakhulu nezitshalo ezikhula endaweni yemvelo (ukuphakama kwazo kwesinye isikhathi kudlula amamitha ayi-10). Isiqu somuthi wesundu waseMadagascar siwugqinsi, ikholomu, inamandla amakhulu. Kude kude, kubukeka njengeziqu zemithi yesundu, kepha lapho usondela esitshalweni, kulapho okwaziwa khona ukuthi kungowomndeni omnandi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iziqu zikanokusho zimbozwe ngokuthembekile ngezikhala ezinde, ezifana ne-cacti.
Ama-pachypodium greens abukeka emangalisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nesiqu somthi. I-Lanceolate, ende, kuze kufike ku-20-40 cm, amaqabunga aqoqwe emabuntshini enesici esivelele sombala omhlophe sikhanya ngokubabazekayo. Ngaphansi kweqabunga ngalinye kunemikhakha emi-3, kanti amaqabunga ngokwawo ahleli ku-petioles. Umbala osisekelo weqabunga leqabunga limnyama, lihle, likhumbuza ngokumangalisayo ngezihlahla zesundu.
Ngesikhathi sokungabibikho, lokhu kushiya okuvame ukulahlwa kuvame ukulahlwa, bese kuba sobala okuphathelene nakho. Lesi sici ukuphela kokudalwa kwe-pachypodiums, ngoba ukubukeka kwesitshalo kuyashintsha futhi ngeke kudlale indima efanayo kwezangaphakathi njengasikhathi esisebenzayo.
I-Pachypodium Lamera (pachypodium lamerei).
Into emangalisa kakhulu ukuthi ngayo yonke imangalisa, i-pachypodium nayo iyaqhakaza, futhi ngokubabazekayo. Izimbali zakhe zinhle, zimhlophe, noma zipinki, zibomvu okwezinhlobo eziphuzi, ezibomvu, zinomusa, zihlotshiswe ngepinki epinki futhi zifinyelela ububanzi obungu-10-11 cm.Izimbali ziqoqwa kumambule we-inflorescences, imvamisa kakhulu ngawodwa.
Ngenxa yokukhuthazela kanye ne-compact rhizome, i-pachypodiums ivumela ukudonsa kahle inhlabathi ebhodweni ngosizo lwezembozo zomhlaba, ama-letniks ezinwabuzelayo nezinye izitshalo zasendlini zokhaphethi. Abesabi mncintiswano, babukeka nje benganqikazi ezingomeni ezenziwe ngaphambilini.
Umuthi wesundu waseMadagascar ubukeka ungajwayelekile. Futhi kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, ukuhlaba umxhwele kwe-exotic kugcizelelwa ngokuphelele yizici ezingeziwe. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ze-pachypodiums ngokubukeka kwesitshalo okujwayelekile:
- pachypodium Jaya (pachypodium geayi) nge-gloss ekhanyayo kakhulu kumaqabunga esiliva;
- Ikhamera yePachypodium (pachypodium lamerei) enamacembe amnyama abanzi, anethezekile, kanye nomumo wawo: i-ramosumi-pubescent engaphansi kwamaqabunga typica.
Ngaphezu kwazo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezulu zoqobo ze-pachypodiums:
- -yinqaba futhi ayivelakancane kepha muhle kakhulu i-pachypodium iDemo-stemmed (pachypodium brevicaule) ngeziqu ezinwebekayo ezinwebekayo, zikhulisa kufika ku-60 cm ububanzi (zifana namatshe ampunga) nezimbali eziqhakazayo eziphuzi kakhulu, amaqabunga amafushane okweqanda, amaqhubu akhula;
- kufiphalisa impande enjenge-turnip namaqabunga amancane emagatsheni amancanyana pachypodium emnandi (pachypodium presitiveum) izimbali ezimile okwe-intsimbi ezihlotshiswe umphimbo okhanyayo;
- i-pachypodium sanders, noma inkanyezi kaLundi (pachypodium saundersii) nesiqu esicishe sibe yipreyisi esiyindilinga, izihlahla ezinqabile kanye namaqabunga ahlukanisiwe, izimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezinamaphara amhlophe qwa.
- linamaqabunga anezimbali ezinesiqu esisontekile nezimbali eziphuzi pachypodium ligobhoza ngokweqile (pachypodium densiflorum);
- mpunga futhi njengaye pachypodium hororbense (pachypodium horombense);
- kufana nesundu elincanyana eline prickly enamahlumela we-cylindrical, i-tibax nezimbali eziphuzi ukuphuma kwe-pachypodium (pachypodium rosulatum) nefomu layo elincane nelincane gracilius.
I-Pachypodium iDemo-stemmed (pachypodium brevicaule).
IPachypodium igeleza ngokuqinile (pachypodium densiflorum).
I-Pachypodium Jayy (pachypodium geayi).
Eqinisweni, okuwukuphela kwento edonsa amehlo azo zonke izichichi zokubhema ubuthi bazo. Lesi sitshalo asinalo nje kuphela obukhali obukhulu, futhi silimaza kalula, kodwa futhi sikhipha ijusi elinobuthi (akubangeli ukucasuka kwesikhumba, kepha sinobuthi obukhulu ngisho nangamanani amancane). Sebenza nge-pachypodium, noma ngabe usula nje amaqabunga othulini, udinga ngokucophelela namagilavu.
Naphezu kobuhle bezimbali, ukubukeka okungajwayelekile nokubukeka okumangazayo, ama-pachypodiums angabhekwa ngokuphephile njengenye yezindlela ezingathandeki. Abaphenduli kahle kakhulu kwisomiso, amaconsi aphonsa, adinga ukunakekelwa okuzinzile. Kepha uma kuqhathaniswa nanoma yisiphi isitshalo, ukubanakekela kuzobonakala kulula. Futhi okubaluleke - i-pachypodium ayidingi noma ubusika obupholile, noma noma yimiphi imingcele ekhethekile. Kuyinto engamelana nokushisa, ithanda umoya owomile futhi izizwa imnandi nangaseceleni ngezinto zokushisa.
Isibani sePachypodium
Ukuqhakaza indawo ye-pachypodium, okungcono. Lokhu okumnandi kufana ne-cacti: uncamela ukukhula ezindaweni ezinelanga noma eziqhakazile. Isihlahla sesundu saseMadagascar ngeke sikubekezelele noma yimuphi umthunzi, kepha ngeke wesabe nakancane ukukhanya kwelanga. Ama-Pachypodium angahlelwa ezindaweni ezinelanga kakhulu lapho ungeke wafaka namasiko aqinile kakhulu. Ilingana kahle nentende yesundu yaseMadagascar zonke izindawo eziseningizimu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga.
Ebusika, i-pachypodiums izophinda ikhethe ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu. Kodwa uma imvelo ingonakalanga isimo sezulu futhi bezingekho izinsuku ezikhanyayo ngokwanele, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuvumelanisa i-pachypodium kancane kancane, kancane kancane ekukhanyiseni okujwayelekile okukhanyayo entwasahlobo. Futhi zama ukuhlela izinkathi eziphakathi nendawo ze-pachypodium, nikeza isitshalo isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nanoma yikuphi ukushintshwa kwendawo, ukuthenga, ukuhambisa, ukubeka endaweni ephakathi nezinsuku eziningana.
Ukushisa okunethezekayo
Ukuze i-pachypodium ihlobise ingaphakathi lakho, konke okudingekayo ukukunikeza indawo efudumele. Lesi sitshalo asikubekezeleli amazinga okushisa nokubanda futhi anciphisa ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-15 (ngaphandle kwe-Lachar pachypodium, engabekezelela ubusika obupholile obuphakathi nama-degree angu-8). Izinga lokushisa eliphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesikhathi esisebenzayo linomphumela onenzuzo ekuhehiseni kwamahlamvu nezimbali, kepha ukwehla okunjalo kufanele kusalokhu kumabanga ajwayelekile wezinkomba zasendlini. I-Pachypodium yisiko elivimbela ukushisa elizobhekana ngokuphelele nokushisa. Hhayi ehlobo kuphela, kepha kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba, lesi sitshalo singamelana kalula nokushisa komoya ngaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angama-30.
Isundu laseMadagascar alesabi ihlobo “leholide” ehlobo. I-Pachypodium ingakhipha emoyeni omusha ngoJuni bese igcinwa engadini noma kuvulandi kuze kube yilapho kubanda ngokweqile ekwindla. Kepha ukukhetha indawo entsha yesitshalo, zama ukuvikela intende yamanga emvuleni nasekulungisweni. Ukukhanyisa ngesikhathi uchayeka emoyeni ohlanzekile akudingeki ukuthi kuncishiswe: i-pachypodium izozizwa imnandi ngisho nasendaweni ekhanyayo. Kuliqiniso, kungcono ukudambisa inguquko ngokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhumbula nalapho ubuyela emuva.
IPachypodium hororbense (pachypodium horombense).
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ntofontofo, i-pachypodium kumele ivikelwe ngokuthembekile ekubangeni amanzi. Njenganoma yikuphi ukunambitheka, isundu lesundu laseMadagascar alizibekezeleli izimo eziswakeme futhi lizinkcenkceshele ngoba kufanele livinjelwe. Imvamisa yezinqubo ikhethiwe ukuze kuthi phakathi kwabo ungqimba olungaphezulu noluphakathi nendawo lwomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Inhlabathi esembizeni kufanele ihlale imanzi kancane. Futhi okunqabile okunisela ebusika kuncishiswa kube okungenani. Ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga kusebenza njengophawu lokushintshela esigabeni esisha sokuthuthuka, ukuqala kwesikhathi sokuphela. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zokuqala, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kakhulu, kugcina kuphela umswakama obalulekile ophansi futhi nezinga elijwayelekile lomswakama alivuselelwa kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Isundu laseMadagascar yisitshalo esibekezelela isomiso esingathethelela isomiso esifushane. Kepha njengoba lesi sitshalo singasasebenzi lapho kumiswa inhlabathi, kuphela emva kwamasonto amaningi, kungcono ukungavumeli isomiso ngokuphelele ebusika ukuze kugcinwe inhlamvu yokuhlobisa ephezulu. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile emthethweni yi-short-stem pachypodium, okufanele ikhule unyaka wonke cishe endaweni ephansi eyomile.
Njengawo wonke ama-presulents, i-pachypodium kanokusho izokusindisa ekuhluphekeni kokuhlazisa umoya. Lesi sitshalo sidinga isimo sezulu esomile, sihlala kahle kakhulu emakamelweni okuhlala sinomsebenzi osebenzayo wamadivayisi wokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho: isihlahla sesundu saseMadagascar ngeke sesabe ngisho nangendawo yaso eseduze kwamabhethri.
Ukuhlanzeka kwamapuleti amaqabunga kubaluleke kakhulu kule nkambiso yesandla seMadagascar. Akusizi ngalutho ukuvumela uthuli ukuba luqoqane emaqabungeni esitshalo, ngokuhlikihla njalo imifino ngesiponji esimanzi.
Izimbali pachypodium rosette.
Izimbali zeSanders Pachypodium.
Izimbali ze-pachypodium ezigqamile.
Umanyolo wesundu saseMadagascar
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-pachypodium iyisitshalo esikhulu esihle impela, ikhetha ukukhula endaweni enomhlaba ongcolile kunokuba inhlabathi evundile. Kusukela umphuzi wamaqabunga eqala ukuphuma, ukugqokwa phezulu akwenziwa nhlobo, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, sebenzisa umthamo owodwa womanyolo we-cacti kanye nama-suppulents njalo emavikini angama-2-3 noma ukondla isitshalo ngomthamo ogcwele 1 isikhathi ngenyanga.
Transplant kanye substrate
Ukufakelwa kwe-pachypodium kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu kunangezindlu eziningi, ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo. Kungcono ukudlulisela lesi sitshalo esitsheni esisha bese uhlukanisa umhlaba ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ama-pachypodium amasha ayatshalwa minyaka yonke. Izithako ezinamandla ezikhule kakhulu futhi ezikhulayo zikhula kahle lapho zitshalwa kanye nokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-3. Ngaphansi kwethangi, kuyadingeka ukubeka ukukhipha okuphezulu, okuthatha cishe 1/3 wevolthi yebhodwe. Isitshalo ngokwaso kumele sisingathwe ngokucophelela, ngoba ama-rhizomes alesi esiphundu ayabukeka kakhulu. Kungcono ukungabhubhisi isigaxa sodaka, umane ususe ungqimba olunenhlabathi olungcolisiwe nenhlabathi yamahhala ezinhlangothini.
Isendlalelo se-pachypodium sidinga nokukhethwa ngokukhethekile. Lokhu okumnandi kuzozizwa kuyinto enhle enhlabathini ekhethekile ye-cacti noma iyiphi enye indawo elinganiselayo ene-acidic, enempilo futhi engaphefumula ngesihlabathi esiningi. Ngabo, ungabumba ngokuzimele inhlanganisela yomhlaba elula ukusuka kwezilinganiso ezilinganayo zesihlabathi esihlanganayo, ishidi nenhlabathi enosawoti ngokungeza okuphoqelekile kwamalahle.
ISanders Pachypodium, noma iLundi Star (pachypodium saundersii).
Izifo nezinambuzane
IPachypodium ingesinye sezitshalo zasendlini ezingamelana kakhulu. Kodwa ngenxa yokubekezelela izimo ezomile, umuthi wesundu waseMadagascar uvame ukukhethwa yizibungu zesicabucabu. Badinga ukuthi balwe nama-insecticides, hhayi kuphela lezo zidakamizwa ezingenayo imikhiqizo kaphethiloli nezinto eziphuma kuzo. Kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile izifafaza ezihlukahlukene eziqukethe i-wax zokwenziwa.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwezihlahla zesundu zaseMadagascar:
- ukumnyama kwamaqabunga ngokugqoka kakhulu;
- ukusabalala kokubola nokumnyama kwamahlamvu ngokugcwala kwamanzi ngokweqile;
- i-substrate eyomile kakhulu, kuholela isigaxa sokudonsa amahlamvu;
- wolula isiqu, ukuncipha kwawo kanye nokushintshashintsha kwawo ngokunisela ngokweqile;
- ukuguqulwa kanye nokuncipha kwesiqu ngokukhanya okuphansi.
I-Succulent pachypodium (pachypodium presitiveum).
Ukusakazeka kwe-pachypodium
Isundu laseMadagascar yisitshalo okunzima impela ukusivelisa. Kunzima ukuthola amasiko amasha ngokwezifiso, ngoba izingcezwana zesiqu salokhu okumnandi cishe aziqali. Okuwukuphela kokusabalala kokubola, okudinga ukusikwa okuphuthumayo kwengxenye ephezulu yesitshalo. Ngemuva kokumiswa nokufafazwa ngamalahle, iziqongo ze-pachypodium zingazama ukumpande endaweni esemhlabathini enesihlabathi. Kepha umphumela awukwazi ukulinda.
Ukuphela kwendlela ethembekile yokwanda kokusakazeka ngembewu. Zimila kunoma iyiphi indawo engaphansi efanelekela ama-unsulents, ngokuya ngokutshala okungaxhunyiwe kanye nomswakama okhanyayo njalo endaweni enamazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-20 degrees Celsius. Amahlumela amasha kudingeka aphathwe ngokucophelela, lapho nje esenamandla amancane, kufanele adluliselwe ezitsheni ngazinye.
