Isimo sezulu sase-Urals naseSiberia sibonisa ubulukhuni obuthile nokungalindeleki. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zama-apula kulesi sifunda kufanele zibe nokukhuthazela okufanele nobulukhuni obusika. Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziningi zokuzalela zezihlahla zama-apula ezinsimbi zenziwe ukuthi zikwazi ukukhula futhi zinikeze isivuno esihle ngisho nasezilinganisweni zezulu ezinzima kakhulu. Zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-3.
- I-Ranetki - izihlahla zama-apula eziqina kakhulu ebusika ezinezithelo ezincane ezinesisindo esingaphezu kuka-15 g.
- Half-namasiko -ba nokuqina kancane kobusika, kepha babekezelela ubusika obujwayelekile ngokujwayelekile. Itshalwe ngendlela yamahlumela, isisindo sezithelo sisuka ku-15 saya ku-130 g.
- Stlanes - Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinezithelo ezinobunzima obuphansi busika. Ukwakheka komqhele we-stlanet owakhayo ezimweni eziningi kwenziwa ngokungenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zama-disist zemvelo nazo ziye zagqokwa.
Izinhlobo zama-apula ezaziwa kakhulu e-Urals naseSiberia yilezi ezilandelayo:
- I-Antonovka;
- Inqwaba Emhlophe;
- UMelba;
- IPapier
- Welsey;
- Isiliva Hoof;
- Isipho se-Autumn;
- Imichilo Ehlobo;
- I-Ural Bulk.
Kodwa-ke, isifunda se-Ural kungenzeka singasifanele ngokuphelele izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhethekile. Isibonelo, isithwathwa sekwephuzile singathinta kabi izihlahla zama-apula ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, sonakalisa sonke isivuno. Ngakho-ke, ukudala ingadi, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlahla ze-apula, unikezwe isikhathi sazo sokukhula, isithwathwa nobusika obunzima. Funda futhi ngezihlahla zama-apula ezakhiwe ngekoloni kuwebhusayithi yethu!
Isihlahla se-Apple i-Antonovka
Ibanga ebandelana neqhwa ebusika. Izici Key:
- isihlahla esikhulu esinomqhele osakazekayo;
- izithelo zesihlahla se-apula i-Antonovka zikhulu, zinesisindo esingu-125-150 g, nekhasi eliluhlaza okotshani;
- uginindela umhlophe, ubomvu, uyi-tartaric;
- ukuvuthwa kwezithelo - Septhemba;
- ukukhiqiza - 200-300 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - izinyanga ezi-3;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa kuhle;
- izithelo zisetshenziselwa ukomiswa okusha, ukwenza ama-compotes, ama-juices, ama-marmalade kanye ne-marshmallows.
Izithelo ze-apula ze-Antonovka zivunwa ngoSepthemba, futhi ukuvuthwa kwabathengi kwenzeka inyanga emva kokuvunwa.
I-Apple-Tree White Bulk
Ibanga le-Hardy ebusika. Izici Key:
- ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuphakathi, umqhele uyindilinga, i-stanza yakheka kalula;
- isithelo se-apula White Bulk medium, enesisindo esingu-100 - 150 g, oyindilinga, nopele oluhlaza okotshani;
- uginindela umhlophe, umhlophe ngokubomvu, umnandi futhi umuncu;
- ukuvuthwa okususwayo kwenzeka ngo-Agasti;
- umkhiqizo yi-100 kg esihlahleni ngasinye;
- isitoreji - amasonto ama-2;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphakeme, ezifweni zilinganiswa;
- Izithelo zisetshenziselwa okusha nokulondolozwa.
Izithelo zohlobo lwe-apple-Tree White Bulk azilungele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, ngoba ziwohloka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ukucubungula.
Isihlahla se-Apple Melba
Ekupheleni kwehlobo zaseCanada zasehlobo. Izici Key:
- umuthi wokuphakama okuphakathi, onesimo somqhele oyindilinga, ukhulile e-Urals naseSiberia ngesimo se-stlan;
- izithelo zesihlahla se-apula saseMelba zikhulu, zinesisindo esingu-140-200 g. Ikhasi liluhlaza okukhanyayo ngombala obomvu ocebile;
- inyama imhlophe qhwa, imnandi futhi imuncu, inambitheka i-caramel;
- izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Agasti;
- ukukhiqiza - 120 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji egumbini elipholile - kuze kube uJanuwari;
- ukumelana nezifo kanye nesithwathwa kuyinto isilinganiso;
- Izithelo zisetshenziselwa okusha ukucubungula kube ngama-compotes kanye namajusi.
Isihlahla sama-apula uMelba sakha amahlumela amaningi amade aqondile enza kube nzima ukwakha i-stanza. Ngakho-ke, ukuthenwa okwengeziwe kwamagatsha kanye nokusikisela okufika ngesikhathi kuyadingeka.
I-Apple Tree Papirovka
Ibanga lokuqala le-shale. Izici Key:
- umuthi wokukhula olinganiselayo, onomqhele omnyama oyindilinga;
- izithelo ze-apula iPapirovka encane, enesisindo esingafika ku-100 g, eyindilinga, enobuncane obuncane, ikhasi ikhasi-ophuzi;
- inyama enemibala emhlophe, ethambile, imnandi futhi imuncu;
- izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Agasti;
- umkhiqizo - 150-250 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - izinsuku eziyi-15-30;
- i-hardness yasebusika nokumelana nezifo kulungile;
- ibanga lasemhlabeni.
I-Apple-Tree Papirovka iyazala, umgobolondo omuhle kakhulu wayo yizinhlobonhlobo zeWelsey.
Wellsie Apple Tree
Izinhlobo zasebusika zivela ezweni laseMelika. Izici Key:
- usayizi ophakathi nendawo onomqhele wepiramidi;
- izithelo eziphakathi nendawo, ezinesisindo esingu-90-150 g, ikhasi-greenish-aphuzi ngombala obomvu;
- inyama enemibala emhlophe, enepinisi epinki eduze ne-peel, crispy, emnandi futhi imuncu;
- ukuvuna kwezithelo zomuthi we-apple wase-Wellsie kwenzeka ngoSepthemba-Okthoba;
- ukukhiqiza kungama-150-200 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - kuze kube uJanuwari;
- ukumelana nobusika nobandayo kungamaphakathi;
- ibanga lasemhlabeni.
Umqhele obabekayo wesihlahla se-apula i-Wellsie wakhiwa buqamama-25-50 cm ukusuka enhlabathini: ngokuhlanekezela nokugawula amagatsha esihlahla aphethwe kulesi sikhundla impilo yakhe yonke.
Apple Tree Isiliva Hoof
Izinhlobo zasehlobo zokuqala. Isiko elikhulu kakhulu. Izici Key:
- isihlahla asisincane, sinomqhele oyindilinga, onamagatsha anamanzi;
- izithelo zincane, zibodwa, zinesisindo esingu-85 g, ziyindilinga. I-peel ibushelelezi, ukhilimu, enobuthi obomvu o-orange;
- uginindela unokwakheka okuhle okusobala, okunoshukela, okumnandi nokumuncu;
- izithelo zesihlahla se-apula se-Silver Hoof zivuthwa ngo-Agasti;
- ukukhiqiza - 160 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - amasonto angama-4-6;
- ukumelana nezifo kanye nesithwathwa kuphezulu;
- Izithelo zisetshenziswa okusha futhi ukucutshungulwa.
Kuyadingeka ukondla umuthi we-apula weSilver Hoof njalo futhi uqaphe nezinga lomswakama. Ngoba ngokuncipha kokuzala kwenhlabathi, izithelo zingancipha ngosayizi, futhi nomswakama omude isikhathi eside, isihlahla siba sengozini yokugoba.
Isipho se-Autumn Tree se-Apple
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuphakanyiswa kwe-Autumn. Izici Key:
- umuthi omude onomqhele oyindilinga;
- isithelo se-apula Isipho Autumn esikhulu, enesisindo esingu-140 g, isicaba, nxazonke;
- inyama iphuzi, imnandi futhi imuncu, ithambile, ayimnyama isikhathi eside;
- ukuvuthwa kwezithelo - Agasti-Septhemba;
- umkhiqizo - 150 kg esihlahleni ngasinye;
- isitoreji - izinsuku ezingama-60;
- ukumelana nezifo neqhwa kuhle;
- ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke.
Ngokungcoliswa kwesihlahla sama-apula, isipho se-Autumn sifanelwe kahle kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Anis Sverdlovsky.
I-Apple-Tree Summer Striped
Izinhlobonhlobo ezisehlobo zasehlobo. Izici Key:
- isihlahla esiphakathi nendawo, sinomqhele ohlanganisiwe;
- izithelo zincane, zinesisindo esingu-70-80 g, i-oblong-ovate, i-pink-red;
- uginindela umhlophe, ugobele, ushukela, umnandi futhi umuncu;
- ukuvuthwa nokudla izithelo - Julayi-Agasti;
- Vuna Isihlahla Sama-apula Striped umuthi - i-120 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - amasonto angama-2-4;
- ukumelana nezifo kuyinto isilinganiso, kuhle ukuba isithwathwa;
- ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke.
Isihlahla sama-apula sehlobo i-Summer Striped sidinga ama-pollinators, amahle kakhulu yi-Creamy China, Miass, Prize.
I-Apple-Tree Uralsky Bulk
Izinhlobo zokukhetha ze-Autumn. Half-isiko. Izici Key:
- umuthi ophakathi nendawo, onomqhele obukhulu, ozungelezayo;
- izithelo zincane, zinesisindo esingu-28 g g, eziyindilinga. Ikhasi libushelelezi, licwebezela, luhlaza okotshani;
- uginindela umhlophe, unoshukela, umnandi futhi umuncu;
- Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezingama-Uralskoye Bulk apple ngoSepthemba-Okthoba;
- ukukhiqiza - 200 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye;
- isitoreji - izinyanga ezi-2;
- ukumelana okukhulu nesithwathwa;
- ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke.
Ngokuya ngendlela yokusebenzisa, kubekwe izikhathi ezi-3 zokuvuthwa kwezithelo zomuthi we-apula i-Uralskoye Bulk:
- izithelo ziyasuswa ukuze ziqhutshwe zibe ngama-compotes kanye nama-juices, lapho inyama iseseqinile, kodwa inoshukela kakhulu;
- ukusetshenziswa okusha, ama-apula ngalesi sikhathi amnandi kakhulu, futhi ipulpiti ithambile ngokwengeziwe;
- apula asetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu, ujamu kanye ne-marmalade.
Izici Ezikhulayo
Ukutshala nokunakekela izihlahla zama-apula e-Urals naseSiberia kunezifiso ezithile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasebusika, lapho izihlahla zifuna ukunakwa ngokwazo. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngokuqothuka kwenhlabathi okuqinile futhi okujulile, uhlelo lwezimpande lwezinhlobo eziqinile kakhulu lungalimala. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukulala ngokuzungeza umbuthano ebusika ngesendlalelo se-peat ne-humus, amasentimitha ayi-7-10. Futhi kusuka phezulu yimboze ngamaqabunga neqhwa.
Ukuvikela izihlahla ezincane ze-apula emimoyeni enamandla, kunconywa ukubabopha kusekela elifakwe eduze kwesihlahla. Ungabopha futhi kulo nasegatsheni ngalinye ngawodwana.
Ukufakelwa Ungatshala izihlahla zama-apula e-Urals ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, ukuze isithombo singekho isikhathi sokukhula futhi singonakaliswa yiqabaka. Noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuba iqhwa lokugcina selincibilikile. Kulokhu, ngokufika kokushisa kwangempela, uhlelo lwezimpande luyavumelana nenhlabathi entsha, bese isihlahla siqala ukukhula. Ngokutshala, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe inhlabathi evundile, egcwele i-nitrogen, enamanzi amaningi avela emhlabathini.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Apple ngokwesiko kuqukethe ukunisela, ukufaka umquba nokuthena:
- Ukunisela. Ukunisela okwanele kuyadingeka ezihlahleni zama-apula ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala. Eminyakeni elandelayo, ziniselwa kuphela eminyakeni eyomile kakhulu.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngemuva kokuba umuthi usundile futhi ukhulile, umuthi we-apula udinga ukondliwa. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen, potash ne-phosphorus. Ukuze umanyolo afinyelele kuhlelo lwezimpande ngokushesha, kuyadingeka ukunisela isihlahla ngemuva kokugqoka phezulu.
- Izihlahla. Ukwakheka komqhele kwenziwa ngonyaka owodwa emva kokutshala, futhi eminyakeni elandelayo, izihlahla zokuthambisa kwenziwa. Entwasahlobo, kunconywa ukusika amagatsha kube phezulu ukuze kusebenze ukukhula kwawo. Lokhu-ke, kufaka isandla ezithelweni eziphakeme nosayizi wezithelo ezinkulu.
