Noma eseholidini, umuntu ufuna ukuqhubeka eyazi izindaba zakamuva, ethola imininingwane efanele ngethelevishini. Ukuthola isibonakaliso sethelevishini esezingeni eliphakeme, i-antenna iyadingeka ekunikezeni, efanelekile kubuchwepheshe bendawo ethile. Ukukhetha kwakhe kuncike kuhlobo lokudluliselwa kwesiginali kanye nokude kombhoshongo we-TV.
Izinhlobo ze-Antena
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-antenna ezihlukile kukhwalithi yokudluliswa kwesithombe nezindleko zemishini:
- I-Analog TV Kusetshenziswa isiginali kagesi ebangeni elithile le-wavelength ukudlulisa izithombe nomsindo. Igqamile eziteshini zomhlaba zomhlaba eRussia. Izindleko eziphansi ze-antenna: ama-ruble angama-200-500. Ikhwalithi yesithombe esidluliselwe yisilinganiso. Ezimweni zesimo sezulu esibi, isiginali edlulisiwe kungenzeka ingabonwa yimishini. Ububanzi besiteshi: 4 kuya ku-15.
- I-TV ye-satellite. Ukusakazwa kwesiginali yethelevishini kudluliselwa kumthengi ngesiphuphutheki sokwakha esiseduze kwe-Earth orbit of Earth. Ukwamukela amaza, kudingeka imishini ekhethekile edwetshwa edluliselwe emuva. Ema-dachas, kufakwa i-antennas yesidlo esekela iziteshi zethelevishini ezingaphezu kwekhulu. Amandla esiginali ahlala njalo futhi axhomekile kumhlaba wesimo. Izindleko eziphansi zemishini: ama-ruble angama-5000. Kuyadingeka futhi ukukhokha minyaka yonke ngephakethe elilodwa leziteshi ze-TV.
- I-tv yedijithali. Ukuhanjiswa kwesithombe sethelevishini nomsindo onesiginali yevidiyo ekhethekile efakiwe. Ngokufaka i-antenna esemoyeni ye-DMV nebhokisi elisethiwe (Set Set Box) nge tuner, ungabuka iziteshi ezifika ku-15-20 ngekhwalithi enhle. Kumamodeli wesimanje we-TV, ifomethi yokusekelwa isivele ifakiwe, udinga nje ukumisa kahle i-antenna. Uma umbhoshongo wethelevishini osabalalisa amagagasi ukude nekhishi lasehlobo, khona-ke isiginali singaphazamiseka bese sinyamalala. Ezindaweni ezikude ezisezintabeni noma ezinamahlathi, ithelevishini yedijithali ayisebenzi.
Lapho ukhetha i-antenna ye-TV, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake indawo yendawo, ukude kombhoshongo ophindayo nokuba khona kwezithiyo zemvelo noma zokufakelwa uphawu lwesibonakude - amagquma, izihlahla ezinde, izindonga eziwugqinsi.
Ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle
I-antenna yangaphakathi engadini isetshenziselwa ukumboza irediyasi encane yokuxhumana. Ifakwe kumakamelo ehlobo asehlobo asondelene ne-abaphindeli. Ibamba isibonakaliso emadolobheni amancane, eduze kwemigwaqo emikhulu nemigwaqo emikhulu. Uma indlu isondelene nentambo kagesi, isiginali ingahle yenzeke isikhashana, inciphise umfanekiso wokucaca.
Ungenza i-antenna yegumbi le-TV yendlu ehlobo ngokwakho. Xhuma ucingo lwe-aluminium kusixhumi esifanele se-TV bese ulubopha ophahleni ngentambo. Hambisa ngokucophelela i-antenna ukukhomba izindawo lapho isiginali samukelwa kahle khona.
Lapho i-antenna engaphakathi izotholakala khona, isithombe sizothunyelwa kumamukeli wethelevishini. Ukwemukelwa kwesiginali kuyanda eduze kwamawindi nawomnyango.
I-antenna engaphandle ifakiwe emakamelweni akhiwe ngaphezu kwe-10-15 km ukusuka kumphindisi. Ibaluleke kakhulu ezindlini zasehlobo ezisezindaweni eziphansi, ezintabeni ezinamagquma, ezizungezwe amahlathi.
Broadband noma ngqo
I-antenna yethelevishini ye-Broadband yokulima ingadi isho ngemishini ye-wave-all. Idivaysi enomugqa enemigqa ye-Broadband eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ithola amasiginali adlulisiwe kuwo wonke amaza, idlulisela isithombe nekhwalithi ephezulu. I-Broadband antenna isayizi ngobukhulu, inenduku ende.
I-antenna yethelevishini enamagagasi wonke ene-amplifier idinga ukufakwa okukhethekile ekhishini lasehlobo. Okokusebenza okungasasebenzi kahle kungahambisa izithombe ezisezingeni eliphansi ngesimo sezulu esibi.
I-antenna eqondiswe kancane ithola isiginali ebangeni elilodwa kuphela le-UHF noma i-MV frequency. Usebenzisa ikhebula nesixhumi, imishini ingenziwa nguwe. Ibanga lesiteshi: 2-6. Ikhwalithi yesithombe incike ezimweni zezulu nesimo sendawo. Ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka nokunyamalala kwesiginali.
Kuyasebenza noma kungasebenzi
Okokusebenza okusebenzayo kufakwe isandisi sekhwalithi yesiginali eyakhelwe ezindlini. Ama-Antennas athola iziteshi eziningi, isithombe asishabalali ezimweni zezulu ezimbi. Intengo ephakathi yemishini: ama-ruble angama-300-600.
I-antenna esebenzayo ye-TV ifakiwe ophahleni lwethanga noma esigxotsheni esikhethekile.
Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3, ibhodi lokufaka esikhundleni liyadingeka ku-amplifier ngenxa yokufakwa oxidation koxhumana nabo nezinto. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inani leziteshi ezitholakele lizokwehla, futhi ikhwalithi yesithombe izokwehla. Ngenxa yokudlula kwamandla kwesimo sezulu esinamandla, ibhodi lingashiswa.
Inqubo yokuxhumana ye-oxidation ingancishiswa ngokuthulula i-silicone nhlangothi zombili zebhodi elisha. Faka uphawu endaweni yokuxhuma ikhebula - lokhu kuzothuthukisa ikhwalithi yesiginali etholiwe.
Ama-antennas we-Passive angumdwebo ngaphandle kwesikhulisi. Kufanele ithengwe ngokwahlukana futhi ihlanganiswe ku-antenna ngaphezu kwalokho. I-amplifier ifakiwe ku-attic, inamathisela imishini isebenzisa isixhumi esikhethekile nentambo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukushintshwa kwebhodi eligugile: asikho isidingo sokukhwela ophahleni kanye nemishini yokulungisa.
Inani leziteshi ezidluliswa yi-antenna e-passive lincane, kepha isithombe nekhwalithi yomsindo ziphakeme. Izimpawu aziphazanyiswa phakathi komoya nemvula.
I-antenna ye-Passive yisinqumo esihle kakhulu se-cottage ehlobo. Ama-amplifiers ahlukanisiwe angafakwa kumabanga 2 we-DMV ne-MV. Uma isiza sitholakala kude nombuyiseli, khona-ke ezinye izinkomba zivalekile ngamagagasi anamandla futhi zinganikezi isithombe esicacile. Ukudlula kwegagasi, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka. Ukuhlelwa ngakunye kokuzwela kwebanga kuzosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga.
Kumamodeli wanamuhla we-TV "LG" ne "Samsung" umsebenzi "ukukhulisa isibonakaliso esibuthakathaka" kuhlinzekiwe. Kulokhu, awudingi ukuxhuma i-amplifier ne-antenna evele nje. Uma uvula imodi futhi ulungiselela imishini kahle, i-TV izokhombisa okungenani iziteshi ezi-4-5.
Ukukhetha i-antenna yokuhlala ehlobo
Umnikazi ngamunye wekhishi lasehlobo ukhathazekile ngombuzo wokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani i-antenna yekotishi lasehlobo. Okokuqala, khetha uhlobo lwe-antenna kanye nomenzi womkhiqizo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ngezeluleko zesazi, izincomo zabasebenzisi nokubuyekezwa kwabangane.
Abenzi abaziwayo bemishini yethelevishini:
- Isiza. Inkampani yaseRussia ibikhona kuthelevishini ithola imakethe ye-antenna kusukela ngo-1998. Umugqa wonke wemikhiqizo yekhebula nethelevishini yomhlaba. Umkhiqizi unikeza izimpondo ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo, izikhulisi zezimila, okuthola kanye nezinsimbi ngenani elifanele. Izindleko ze-antenna ziyehluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500 kuye kwangama-2000. Ububanzi buvuselelwa njalo futhi buyekezwa.
- Harpoon Le nkampani imele ama-antennas ama-Russian enza. Okokusebenza kwamukelwa ezindaweni ezisezingeni le-DMV ne-MV. Ama-Antennas anconyelwa ukufakwa ezindaweni ezinokwamukelwa okungaqinisekile kwe-wave. Intengo Yomkhiqizo: ama-ruble ayi-1600-2600.
- Delta Inkampani yaseRussia iveza antennas ebanzi futhi ebanzi. Amanye amamodeli anesixhumi esakhelwe ngaphakathi se-F lapho ikhebula lixhumeke khona. Okokusebenza kuthola amasiginali kude kakhulu ukusuka kumbhoshongo we-TV. Ikhwalithi yesithombe ayincike ezimweni zezulu.
- IGoldMaster. Umkhiqizi odumile wemishini yethelevishini. Ama-Antennas enzelwe izindawo ezingafinyeleleki ngokuphelele. Isiginali ihlala icacile ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezingezinhle. Kwethulwa izinzwa zedijithali zokutshala izingadi. Izindleko zamathuluzi: ama-ruble angama-700-2500.
- I-REMO. Umenzi waseRussia wezintuthwane zethelevishini yendawo yedijithali ubelokhu esebenza emakethe kusukela ngo-1991. Ububanzi bumelelwa ngabaluphi bethelevishini, imishini yokuhambisa nokwamukela amasiginali, ama-amplifiers, abahlinzeki be-Intanethi. Imikhiqizo yenkampani inelungelo lobunikazi, ivikelwe emafeni nasekukopeleni.
Ukukhetha kahle i-antenna lethelevishini lokuhlala ehlobo kuzosiza ongoti bezinkampani noma abeluleki ngemishini yethelevishini. Ngokwengeziwe, unga-oda ukufakwa nokuhlelwa kwe-antenna, ukhiphe ithikithi lenkonzo yangemva kwewaranti.
Ukufakwa okulungile kwe-antenna ezweni
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukufaka i-antenna ezweni, bonisa ukuthi imishini ikhona kuphi. Ezindaweni ezakhiwe kude ne-abaphindayo, i-antenna ibekwa ophahleni noma esigxotsheni esikhethekile. Imishini ifakwe emgodini wensimbi isebenzisa imigwaqo ekhethekile.
Ukuze uthole i-antenna e-cottage ehlobo ene-amplifier eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nesitholi, khetha umugqa oqulekayo. Lokhu kuzokwenza lula inqubo yokubuyisa ibhodi lesifunda, ukuhlanza oxhumana nabo nokulungisa imishini.
Ungalungisa i-antenna esigxotsheni sokhuni noma sensimbi ngebubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-6. Lungisa umugqa engxenyeni engaguquki yendlu noma eyakhiwayo. Ungasinamathisela isigxobo esihlahleni noma ugxilile eposini eliseduze nasekhaya.
Ngokuqedwa okuqinile kwendlu nophahla, i-antenna ibekwa phezu kwophahla lwesakhiwo. Akunconyelwe ukufaka imishini odongeni olusehlangothini nasokhonkolo aerated. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kungaholela ekushintsheni kodonga.
Kungcono ukufaka isakhiwo endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yophahla. Ngosizo lwezindandatho zensimbi, isicu singafakelwa amapayipi, amatshe, umgibeli. Usebenzisa izandiso ezikhethekile, i-antenna iqondiswe ophahleni.
Ithuluzi elidingekile lomsebenzi:
- ushayela kagesi;
- i-screwdriver enama-nozzles;
- ushayela;
- isando;
- imivimbo.
Lungisa uhlaka lwe-antenna ngendlela yekhoneni lensimbi ngamabakaki, amabhulokhi noma kubakaki abakhethekile. Okokuqala yenza izimbobo ezincane zabopha izifakelo. Ngemuva kwalokho faka ama-bolch amahange nge-cm cm.
Ukulungiswa okunamandla kwemishini kuzonikeza amamaki wokunweba. Izintambo zifakwe emgodini, zilungisa i-antenna esikhundleni esithile. Amamaki wokunwebeka azovikela i-antenna kumthwalo womoya, athuthukise ikhwalithi yesiginali etholiwe.
Lapho ufinyelela i-antenna yangaphandle yethelevishini, khumbula ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwezindawo zokugibela kumele okungenani libe ngamamitha ayi-1,2. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isakhiwo sizobe singazinzile, futhi esimweni sezulu esinomoya onamandla isignali ingaphazamiseka bese inyamalala.
Amathiphu wokufaka we-Antena:
- Ulayini we-antenna akufanele uhambisane ngokuphelele nentambo yamandla. Lokhu kungadala umjikelezo omfushane, ukuhlanekezela komsindo nesithombe.
- Lapho ufaka i-antenna, sebenzisa ikhebula lokuphepha nesitebhisi esithembekile. Musa ukubeka i-antenna ophahleni olumanzi noluneqhwa.
- Setha imishini ngamabili. Umuntu oyedwa uphendulela isigxobo nge-antenna, omunye - ubamba ukuhanjiswa kwesithombe ku-TV.
Uma kwenzeka kudluliselwa isiginali esingesihle, hambisa imast ne-antenna endaweni evulekile kakhudlwana. Musa ukufaka imishini eduze kwezihlahla eziqhakazayo.
Uma ikhwalithi yokuxhuma kwe-ether ingeyinhle, thintana nochwepheshe wokulungiswa kwezinsizwa nonguchwepheshe bezinsizakalo. Kunzima ukubona ngokuzimela nokuqeda ukungasebenzi kahle. Amakhabethe noma izixhumi, i-antenna combiner, ipulaki noma isokisi kungalimala. Uchwepheshe uzosusa ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile ukungasebenzi futhi alungiselele imishini.
Ukunamathisela ikhebula kumishini
Khetha ikhebula lomkhiqizo elibizwa ngokuthi i-SAT 50 noma i-SAT 703. Ukucaca kwesithombe nomsindo kuya ngekhwalithi yekhebula. Musa ukuthenga ucingo kubathengisi abangabazisayo. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, funda isitifiketi sokuphepha, umkhiqizo kumele udlulise ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okudingekayo.
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-antenna, intambo yehliswa ngamasentimitha, iqinisa ngama-clamp njalo ngamasentimitha angama-40-70. Njengoba esehlise ikhebula laya ophahleni, kuyadingeka ukuyelula eceleni kwe-ridge futhi ayilethe kubakaki, elungiselelwe eduze nokuvulwa kwewindows. Ngemuva kokulungisa i-wire kubakaki, udinga ukuletha ikhebula egumbini ngokulufaka emgodini ohlakeni lwewindi.
Beka imbobo kufreyimu yewindi ngokuthambekela phezulu. Lokhu kuvimbela imvula ukuba ingangeni egumbini.
Uma i-antenna yangaphandle ye-TV ingasebenzi, nesifakeli sifakwe ku-attic, khona-ke ikhebula elivela ku-antenna kufanele liholelwe kuyo kuqala, bese lilethwa ku-TV. Lapho ubeka intambo, gwema ukugoba nokusonteka. Musa ukuphina nge-wire ngamabakaki noma ngocingo lwamakhethini; lokhu kungalimaza isithombe nekhwalithi yomsindo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, juba konke ukushibilika, amantongomane nokuxhumeka kwe-antenna nge-Movil noma i-Lithol. Ukucubungula kusiza ukwandisa impilo ye-antenna futhi kuvikela izingxenye kusuka ku-oxidation nokugqwala.
I-Antenna Ground
Iningi lochwepheshe liyavuma ukuthi isisekelo se-antenna ezweni siyadingeka. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa i-voltage ibe ezingeni eliphephile futhi kuvikele imishini emlilweni lapho kwenzeka isiteleka sombani. Ama-conductors aphansi axhumekile kumadivaysi asisekelo, bese kuthi umbani udluliselwe emhlabeni.
Kwimishini esekwe emhlabathini, inani lokuphazamiseka liyancipha, isithombe nomsindo ube ngcono.
Izinketho ezimangazayo:
- Ipulaki lokudonsa i-antenna lixhunyiwe kwisokisi lokuxhuma. Ucingo luthengiswa esokeni, luxhumeka emhlabathini.
- Intambo enama-wire amabili idayiswa emgogodleni kanye nomgodi we-wire waya. Ama-cores wezintambo ayakhululwa ekufakweni, kuthengiswe futhi kuxhunywe ocingweni lomhlabathi.
Ukuthamba kungaba yindabuko kanye nokwasekhaya. Ngokusekelwa kwendabuko, kufakwa izinduku zombani nabaqhubi abaphansi. Ukusungulwa kwangaphakathi kuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kocingo lukagesi endlini yezwe.
Abamele abaphikisayo banxenxa ukuthi yonke imibani eshaye phansi eyenzeka eduzane izowela e-antenna. Lokhu kugcwala ukushiswa kwebhodi ne-amplifier, okuzodinga ukushintshwa. Uma i-antenna ingaphansi kwentambo kagesi, awudingi ukuyinciphisa. Umbani uhlala ushaya iphuzu elinamandla kakhulu.
Umhlali ngamunye wasehlobo uzibuza ukuthi yiziphi i-antenna okufanele azithenge ekhayeni lokuhlala. Namuhla, imakethe inikeza ukukhethwa okuningana kwemishini, okuhlukile kumgomo wokusebenza, amandla, usayizi, isisindo nezindleko. Ukukhethwa kwe-antenna kufanele kususelwe kundawo ekude nobude bombhoshongo we-TV. Ngokukhethwa okufanele kanye nokufakwa kwemishini, i-TV izothokozisa abahlali behlobo ngesithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nomsindo kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu.
