U-Ephreli yinyanga lapho intwasahlobo igcwele kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ingxenye yesibili yisikhathi sokuqala kokugeleza okusebenzayo kwe-sap, ukuvuvukala kwezinso. Abalimi abalinde izinto eziningi ezidinga ukuqedwa ngaphambi kokuvela kokuluhlaza.
Ivala izihlahla nezihlahla
Indawo yokuhlala yasebusika iyasuswa ezitshalweni, ama-raspberries kanye nama-amajikijolo athululiwe. Ukhula umhlabathi, uthukululwe, ngenkathi ususa amagatsha omile, amadala futhi aphukile. Kuze kube kuphela ama-buds awo, ama-raspberries aboshwe ku-trellis ukuze amagatsha akhanyiswe kahle yilanga. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwe-shrub futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno samajikijolo amnandi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Amagatsha owonakalisiwe asuswa ezihlahleni zezithelo, amagxolo afile ayahlanzwa ngokucophelela. Amanxeba adonswa ngamagundane ebusika kufanele aphiliswe yi-var var yengadi. Hlanza imbobo ngokuphelele, iphathe nge-sulfate yethusi ehlutshiwe (50 g nge-litre elilodwa lamanzi), bese uyimboza ngo usimende. Emanxebeni ezinomdlavuza sebenzisa i-putty elungiselelwe eyenziwe nge-nigrol, uphalafini obunjiwe, i-rosin, exutshwe kwisilinganiso se-6: 2: 2, ngokulandelana. Ukuqanjwa kusetshenziswa enxebeni, kulungiswa ngebhandeji le-gauze.
Isikhala esiphakathi kwezihlahla, izihlahla zihlanzwa ngamaqabunga awileyo, amagatsha. Yonke imfucuza igcinwa emqubeni yomquba noma eshisiwe.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap, udinga ukuba nesikhathi sokunquma, ususe okonakele, amagatsha omile futhi wakhe umqhele, unciphisa amahlumela amade. Izindawo zokusika, ububanzi bazo ezingaphezulu kuka-8 mm, zihlanganiswe nge-var var yengadi.
Ukuthenwa kwezihlahla zamatshe (amaplamu, ama-cherries) kungenzeka kwenziwe ekwindla. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kwentwasahlobo eqinile, noma ikuphi okuyi-putty kuyahlanzwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi yejusi.
Lapho izihlahla zokuthena, wonke amagatsha abalele emhlabathini asuswa kuqala. Isihlahla ngasinye sihlolwa ngokuphelele. Izinso ezivuvukala ezifana nemiphongolo ziwuphawu lwesibalo esihlale kuzo. Kufanele zisuswe. Izinso ezinjalo ziyakhishwa zishiswe. Uma lonke igatsha lithintekile, linqunywa lapho uqobo. Ukusuka amahlumela onakaliswe yi-powdery isikhutha, ingilazi, udinga ukuqeda.
Isitshalo esingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 sidinga ukwenziwa kabusha ngokususa amagatsha ambalwa amadala. Zingahlukaniswa yi-cr scust crust enombala omnyama kunayo yonke.
Izihlahla lapho i-lichens zakhiwe khona kufanele ziphathwe nge-4% iron sulfate. Kubalulekile ukukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokuvuleka kwama-buds.
Isicelo somanyolo
Entwasahlobo, izitshalo zasengadini zidinga ukondliwa. Ukukhethwa komanyolo engadini kuya ngokuthi yikuphi kubo okwasetshenziswa ekwindla. Uma kwakungu-organic, phosphorus, potash, khona-ke ngo-Ephreli kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen kuphela. Uma ngabe ikwindla ayizange iqhutshwe, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwethulwe ama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi - Azofosku, Nitroammofosku. Ngemuva kokunquma izinkambiso ezivame ukukhonjiswa kwiphakheji, ama-granules ahlakazeka ngokulinganayo eqhweni.
Ukutshala izihlahla
Intwasahlobo yokuqala yisikhathi esifanelekile sokutshala izithombo. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono ngo-Ephreli. Ukusuka kokutshalwe kanjani, inani labo lokusinda kanye nenani lezithelo ezivunwe ngokuzayo kuya. Uma isenzo senziwa ngokungalungile, umuthi ungafa.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokufika:
- Kulungiselelwe umgodi wokuhlwanyelwa emavikini amabili. I-humus noma umquba ufakwa kuwo - amabhakede angama-2-3 kwelinye.
- Phansi komgodi, beka isigxobo lapho okotshwa khona imbewu.
- Izimpande zimbozwe inhlabathi evundile nenempilo, uyisakaza ngokucophelela ukuze zingakhi ezungeze izikhala.
- Lapho ugcwalisa inhlabathi, ichotshozwa kancanyana.
- Lapho izimpande zimbozwe inhlabathi u-10-15 cm, amabhakede ama-2 amanzi athululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla futhi umgodi umbozwe ngokuphelele.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, izikhonkwane zigawulwa emagatsheni okuqala asemqheleni ukuze zingalimali emoyeni.
Akumele ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo lapho umquba omusha ubekwa khona phansi komgodi wokufika! Ibekwa kuphela kungqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu.
Ukwelashwa engadini kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezifo
Lapho nje iqhwa selincibilika, izinambuzane ezihlakazekile ezigcwalisiwe zigcwalisa ingadi. Ukugcina izitshalo kuzo, noma ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwezinso, kufanele ziphathwe ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Ngale njongo, sebenzisa isixazululo se-nitrafen, usula i-300 g ku-10 l wamanzi. IKarbofos, i-intavir kanye nezinye izinambuzane azisebenzi kangako. Azifafazi nje kuphela amagatsha, kepha nenhlabathi eyindilinga eseduze. Ukuthola uqweqwe emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezihlahleni zesilokazane esincane kunazo zonke, amagxolo afakwa emafutheni emifino. Lapho ifudunyezwa yilanga, ifihla inambuzane, ibulale.
Izitembu zidinga ukugcotshwa nge lime elithambile (3 kg ngalinye 10 l wamanzi), lapho kufakwa khona ½ kg ye-sulfate yethusi. Ukuze wandise ukunamathela, ubumba noma i-mullein kuhlanganiswa nekhambi.
Ukuvikelwa Kwesithwathwa Sentwasahlobo
Ngesikhathi lapho ukwakheka kwama-ovari kwenzeka, ukuqhakaza kuvulekile, umlimi kufanele avikele izitshalo eziqandeni ezisabonakala ngalesi sikhathi. Enye yezindlela ezingabizi kakhulu ukubhema. Ukwenza isikrini sentuthu kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukushisa okuqongelelwe inhlabathi ngosuku. Inganikezwa ngokusebenzisa i-brushwood esele ilungiselelwe, amaqabunga awile, i-peat.
Umsebenzi odingekayo wensimu owenziwa ngo-Ephreli uzosiza ukwehlisa amandla futhi wenza uMay angakhathazeki kakhulu - inyanga ekhathaza kakhulu umlimi.
