Ungawondla kanjani utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa kuyo nomhlaba ovulekile we-Fertilizer we-ovary wezimbali nokuvunwa

Ungawondla kanjani ngokufanele utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa kuyo futhi uvule izindlela zokupheka zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukuthola isivuno esihleliwe samatamatisi, indima ebalulekile idlalwa ngokugqoka okuphezulu, okufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali nezithelo. Izinga lokugcwaliswa kwenhlabathi ngezakhi ezibalulekile kunquma ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yemifino.

Ukufaka umquba kufanele kube ngesikhathi, esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthuka kuyadingeka ukufaka kabusha okuthile. Ukuze wenze konke okulungile, kudingeka ube nomqondo wezidingo zesitshalo ngasikhathi sinye noma kwesinye isigaba sokukhula, sizobheka futhi ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini kanye nokuthi ungawondla kanjani utamatisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo nokugqoka okuphezulu ngokwabo kuyahluka lapho kukhula utamatisi endaweni eluhlaza kanye nasemhlabathini ovulekile.

Ngabe kuyadingeka ukondla utamatisi nokuthi ungaqala nini

Ukusetshenziswa okuhleliwe komanyolo kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula kukhonza ukubuyisa inani elilahlekile lezakhamzimba ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungakwenza ngaphandle komanyolo, kepha ungalindeli isivuno esihle. Kuyo yonke inkathi, uzodinga ukondla utamatisi okungenani amahlandla amane. Noma kuvunda ngokulingana kwenhlabathi, lokhu kuzokwanela ukugcwala ngezinto ezincane nezinkulu.

Ukungena kwesiko esigabeni sezimbali kuwuphawu lokuthi uqale ukondliwa, ukuqala kokubekwa kwezithelo kuyisigaba esibalulekile esilandelayo. Uma ukudla okungenamsoco kula pores kungenzeki, lokhu kuthinta kabi izitshalo: izimbali eziningi ezingenalutho ziboshwe, okuwumzamo wokuchitha. Umphumela wokuntuleka kwezakhi eziyinhloko zomsoco usayizi we-fetus, ngisho nezinhlobo ezinkulu ezinezithelo ngeke zijabulise usayizi.

Ukunganaki ukugqokwa phezulu esigabeni sezimbali kuholela ekutheni imbewu eyakhiwe ngaphansi kwakheka kumatamatisi ngobukhulu obukhulu, akunangqondo ukuyisebenzisela ukuhlwanyela okwengeziwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ufuna ukugcina izinhlobo zakho ozithandayo zamatamatisi bese uhlela ukuqoqa imbewu ngokwakho.

Ukuqhakaza ukuqhakaza nokulungiselela ukwenziwa izithelo (ngesikhathi se-ovary) utamatisi wenzelwe ukuhlinzeka inhlabathi ngalezi zinto ezilandelayo:

I-nitrogen - isheshisa ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza, ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwenqwaba yamahlumela;
I-phosphorus - ikhuthaza ukwakheka kohlelo lwezimpande, ivuselele ukuqhakaza kwezimbali futhi isheshise i-ovary yezithelo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize umkhiqizo;
Potassium - ubamba iqhaza ekukhuleni kokuluhlaza (iziqu, amahlumela, amaqabunga), kusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.

Ukuhleleka kohlelo lokufakwa komanyolo kukuvumela ukuthi ugcobe inhlabathi kanye nalezi zinto ezidingekayo ngesikhathi esithile.

Abatshali abanolwazi batusa ukugqoka okuphezulu sekwedlule ebusuku.khona-ke ukuhwamuka okuvela ebusweni bamapuleti eshidi kuncane. Ukulungiselela isixazululo somanyolo, sebenzisa amanzi afudumele. Njengoba sekushiwo ngaphambili, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukugqoka okumbalwa okuphezulu ngesizini, kufakwa ngaphansi kwempande, kanti nezitshalo nazo ziphathwa ngokusho kwamaqabunga.

Kungcono ukondla utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa

Ukutshala imifino emhlabathini ovikelekile (endaweni ebamba ukushisa) kuhlukaniswa yizimpawu zayo. Ukugcina izimo zilungile zokuqinisekisa ukukhula okuthuthukile nentuthuko akuphelile ngaphandle kokufakwa kwezakhi zomsoco.

Ukugqoka okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo kanye nezokumbiwa phansi utamatisi ku-greenhouse ngesinyathelo

Cabanga ngohlelo lokufaka umanyolo lapho kuthelwa khona izithombo zokushisa abamba ukushisa ngezigaba.

Okokuqala ukondla kumele zenzeke izinsuku eziyi-15 ngemuva kokudluliselwa kugcotshwa. Ukwenza kusebenze ukukhula kwezithombo, ukugqoka phezulu okunokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu kufanelekile. I-Urea isetshenziswa kangcono: I-1 isipuni somuthi sifakwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi futhi ukuthambisa okujwayelekile kuyenziwa. Ungafaka isixazululo sokufakwa kwe-mullein (0.5 kg womquba nge-8 amalitha amanzi), kepha gwema ukuthola uketshezi engxenyeni yeqabunga ukuvimbela ukusha.

Okondla okwesibili chitha umanyolo ofanayo nowasekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, uma ama-organics (ama-mullein) asetshenziswa okokuqala, khona-ke kufanele kukhethwe urea ne-okuphambene nalokho.

Okwesithathu ukondla iwa ngesikhathi sokuqala izithelo ezisethiwe. Kulesi sigaba, izitshalo zidinga i-potassium, ukushoda kwayo kunxephezelwa ngokufakwa komlotha wezinkuni. Silungisa isixazululo esisebenzayo kanjena: kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi udinga izipuni ezi-2 zomlotha no-1 isipuni se-superphosphate, hlanganisa konke kahle bese ufaka ilitha elilodwa loketshezi kwisitshalo ngasinye.

Okwesine okondlayo Kwenziwa ngesikhathi zom wokuxubha wesithathu esihlahleni utamatisi. Lesi sikhathi sibonisa ngokushoda okukhulu kwe-potassium, okumele ingezwe. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kulula kakhulu: thatha isipuni se-potassium humate bese uqeda ebhokisini lamanzi amalitha ayi-10. Ukusetshenziswa kwesixazululo 1 litre ngesihlahla ngasinye.

Okwesihlanu kumakwe yisigaba sokukhula kwezithelo ezinkulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungcono ukufeza ukugqokwa kwe-foliar top ngomanyolo womvubelo ovusa ukukhula. Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, thatha i-20 g yemvubelo nezipuni ezi-2 zikashukela, uncibilike bese uvumela ingxube izulazule ekushiseni izinsuku eziyi-1-2. I-billet ifakwa kumalitha amanzi angama-50 futhi kutshalwe okutshalwe kusihlwa.

Ukufaka utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa ngayo ngamanyolo wezimbiwa

Yini umanyolo ukusebenzisa

Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-organic kuphela njengezithako zezitamatisi, kanye nomanyolo olungiselelwe ngokuya ngokwendlela yabantu yokupheka, akunikezi umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Kungcono kakhulu ukuzishintsha ngamakhompiyutha akhethekile amaminerali:

I-Urea kanye ne-ammonium nitrate zingumquba omuhle kakhulu we-nitrogen;
phosphoric - i-superphosphate ephindwe kabili;
potassium - potassium sulfate;
kanye ne-nitroammophosk ne-nitrophosk - Umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi (ogcwele).

Ungasilungiselela kanjani isixazululo futhi liyini izinga lokugeleza

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise ukuvunwa okuphezulu ngale ndlela elandelayo:

I-30 g ye-superphosphate ne-15 g ye-potassium sulfate ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi;
I-60 g ye-superphosphate nge-1 litre lamanzi abilayo, hlanganisa kuze kube yilapho usuqediwe ngokuphelele, uyivumele ikhishwe amahora ayi-14 bese i-dilute ilitha lamanzi ayi-10, sebenzisa indlela eyi-foliar;
I-20 g ye-nitrophoska ixubene ne-15 ml ye-potassium humate futhi ichithwe emanzini (amalitha ayi-10);
ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi sithatha i-25 g ye-magnesium sulfate ne-10 g ye-potassium nitrate.

Noma iziphi izingoma ezilungiselelwe sisebenzisa ilitha eli-1 ngehlahla elilodwa likatamatisi.

Ama-complex wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi utamatisi ku-greenhouse

Njengamanje, ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi okwenziwe ngomumo kudume kakhulu - aqukethe isethi ephelele yazo zonke izinto zokudla ezidingekayo, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngesilinganiso sezithako. Ake sibheke kabanzi imininingwane yamathuluzi aziwa kakhulu.

Kemira Suite - okuyinkimbinkimbi eyenzelwe ukondla utamatisi ngesikhathi sezimbali, umuthi u-soluble ngokuphelele emanzini.

Utamatisi oMkhulu - ikhambi lisebenza kuphela empandeni, liyasetshenziswa lapho kubekwa ama-inflorescences. Ngaphezu kwezakhi, iqukethe ama-nitrogenous bacteria (ayakwazi ukukhipha i-nitrogen emoyeni) nama-humic acid (athinta izakhiwo zenhlabathi kahle).

I-Complex Effekton - Ukwakhiwa kwalolo lungiselelo kufaka i-peat, eye yaguqulwa ngendlela ehlukile ngama-bacteria ekubeni ngumquba; iqukethe nomlotha we-shale kanye ne-phosphate rock, onganikeza utamatisi ngezinto ezidingekayo. Yondla utamatisi ngale ndlela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, khona-ke impumelelo eqinisekisiwe ye-fruiting iqinisekisiwe.

Musa ukufiphaza utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa kunokuba ukondla?

Ukondla okulula utamatisi nge-iodine kuyaziwa ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo, futhi kungukuvimbela okuhle kokulimaza sekwephuzile: hlanganisa amathonsi ama-4 e-iodine ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi bese uthele izihlahla ezi-5 zamatamatisi kuleyo ndlela. Noma kunjalo, ungakhathalelwa ngaleli khambi: sebenzisa iodine phezulu ukugqoka kungabi kanye kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-14.

Ukufaka phezulu utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile

Ungawondla kanjani utamatisi ezitolo zokupheka ezivulekile

Utamatisi otshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile usesimweni esibi kakhulu (uvezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu, inhlabathi yomile ngokushesha) kunaleyo ebamba ukushisa. Badinga ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa, futhi uhlelo lomanyolo luhlukile. Ngezansi kuzochazwa ngokuningana imvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu, izingoma ezidingekayo esigabeni esihambelanayo sokukhula.

Okokuqala ukondla ngeke idingeke uma izithombo zikhule ngempumelelo ngemuva kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kepha uma amahlumela ebukeka ebuthakathaka, edonsa, kuyadingeka ukondla nge-nitrogen ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngemuva kokufakelwa.

Okondla okwesibili Kwenziwa ngenkathi zom ibhulashi lokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, sigcwalisa isidingo se-potassium. Sabalalisa umlotha wezinkuni ezungeze izihlahla, ungakhulula umhlabathi kancane. Ukugqoka okungokwemvelo ngesimo sokufakwa kwe-nettle kufanelekile ngokwakho. Umgqomo wamalitha ayi-150 uzodinga ingalo enhle yotshani; inqubo yokuvutshelwa ithatha izinsuku eziyishumi. Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, unike ilitha elilodwa lokugxila, uthele 1 litre womanyolo ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye.

Ukuqhakaza ibhulashi lesibili lamatamatisi sekuqalile - isikhathi sokwenza Okondla okwesithathu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thela isipuni esingu-1 se-potassium humate ebhokisini lamanzi elinomthamo wamalitha ayi-10. Ukusetshenziswa kuyafana - ilitha eli-1 ngesihlahla ngasinye.

Okwesine okondlayo badinga izinsuku eziyi-15 ngemuva kokwenza okwesithathu. Kuzodingeka ukugcwalisa inhlabathi nge-phosphorus: thela amanzi angama-45 g we-superphosphate kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Futhi, uthele ilitha elilodwa lesisombululo ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.

Umanyolo wamaminerali katamatisi enkundleni evulekile

Ukukhulisa utamatisi embhedeni endaweni evulekile, ungakhohlwa ngama-tuks amaminerali. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye nokwakhiwa kwezithelo, zingatshalwa emhlabathini, zikhulule kancane, kepha okugqoke okugqokile okuphezulu koketshezi ngaphansi kwempande. Zingasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinto eziphilayo: ekudleni kokuqala, kufakwa i-20 g ye-superphosphate kusisombululo se-mullein, esisiza ukuqinisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Okokugqoka okuphezulu kwesibili, thatha i-50 g ye-nitroammophoski ne-5 g ye-potassium sulfate, ukusetshenziswa - nge-1 m². Ukondliwa kwesithathu nokwalandelayo (okuvame ukwenziwa izinsuku eziyi-10) kwenziwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wohlobo lwe- "Stimulus-1", okuzothuthukisa ukwanda kosayizi wezithelo futhi kusheshiswe inqubo yokuvuthwa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu kukatamatisi ngesikhathi sokuhluma

Ehlobo, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-foliar top dress (ngokufafaza ngamaqabunga), ngale ndlela, ama-plantings aphathwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi (esigabeni esithile sokukhula). Bazonikeza utamatisi ngezinto ezidingekayo endaweni ethile.

Ukuvuselela ukukhula kwezithelo futhi kusheshiswe ukuvuthwa kwazo, sebenzisa ukulungela okuqediwe "i-Gumisol" noma thela isipuni esingu-1 se-superphosphate kumalitha ayi-9 amanzi.
I-Boric acid izothuthukisa i-ovary yezithelo (lungiselela ngokufanayo nokugqoka okuphezulu kwe-superphosphate). Ukuqhakaza komlotha (400 g womlotha ngamalitha ama-2 amanzi afudumele) noma ukulungiswa kwe-Zircon, okulungele ukusetshenziswa, kufaka isandla ekuqhakambisweni kwezimbali eziningi nokusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.
Ukuvinjwa kokulimaza sekwephuzile ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-iodine (amaconsi ambalwa ngamalitha ayi-8 amanzi), kuyasiza ukufafaza amakhompiyutha aqukethe ubisi (amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi ilitha eli-1 le-serum).

Ngokushintshwa kwamatamatisi kuya esigabeni sokwenza izithelo, umanyolo we-nitrogen kufanele uqedwe ngokuphelele.

Ungawondla kanjani utamatisi ukuze uvunwe

Wonke umgadi wegadi, ikakhulukazi ongenalwazi, oqala, unentshisekelo kulo mbuzo - ukuthi uzondla kanjani utamatisi ukuze ukhuthaze umkhiqizo. Abatshali bemifino abanolwazi babelana ngolwazi lwabo ekusebenziseni amakhambi abantu:

Iodine noma isisombululo sephesenti elilodwa le-boric acid (thatha amaconsi ama-4 womuthi owodwa bese uthambisa amalitha amanzi ayi-9);

Ukufakwa kwamakhakhasi kanye nama-dandelion siyilungisa ngale ndlela: gcwalisa umgqomo wamalitha angama-200 ngu-1/3 ngamaqabunga alezi amakhambi, engeza amabhakede ama-2 womquba, engeza amanzi futhi ugcizelele izinsuku eziyi-15. Ngokuzayo, singeza amalitha ama-1-2 esihlahleni ngasinye sikatamatisi.

Amanethiwekhi wokusabalalisa ayamangaza ngezinhlanganisela eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezenziwe ngomumo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo okusiza ukufeza isivuno esiphezulu, qhubeka ngokwemiyalo esephaketheni. Phakathi kwabo kukhona okukhulunywe ngenhla uKemira Lux; "Ukukhula kwe-Orton" - kuyisikhuthazo sokukhula; "Universal" - esetshenziswa ngendlela eyomile, igcwalisa inhlabathi ngazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo; "I-Mortar" - igama liyazikhulumela, lisetshenziselwa ukugqoka okungaphezulu; "Okuqinile" - kuthuthukisa ukubangelwa kwezinhlumela ngemuva kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, kusheshise ukukhula kwalo okuqhubekayo.