Okumnandi njengokuthi brigamy (Brighamia) ihlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwaCampanulaceae. Lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi "isundu saseHawaii", ngoba silingana nomuthi wesundu, futhi sibizwa nangokuthi "iklabishi elisemlenzeni", "Palm-volcano".
IBrigamy ibilokhu iplanethi enguMhlaba isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigidi, kepha abatshali bezimbali abasanda kukunaka. Okhokho balesi sitshalo bakhetha ukukhula emadwaleni asezintabeni ze-Hawaiian Islands, futhi kancane kancane bashintsha ukubukeka kwabo. Kube nokwanda kancane kancane kosayizi wezimbali (kufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15) futhi baba namandla ngokwengeziwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinambuzane zazihlala eMhlabeni, ezazinama-proboscis amade. Kwakuyizinambuzane ezinjalo ezivimbe impova yezimbali yalesi simnandi. Lapho abantu bokuqala beqala ukuhlala eziqhingini zaseHawaii, imvelo lapho isishintshe kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi, zona izinambuzane ezifanayo ezaziphenya impova zanyamalala, ngenxa yokuthi zona kamuva zasongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngaphandle kokuvota, izithelo nembewu kulesi sitshalo ziyekile ukuvela. Futhi lapho kungekho khona imbewu, kwakungekho zitshalo ezincane. Eminyakeni ethile eyishumi nambili edlule, lesi sitshalo sasiseduze kokuqothulwa. Kodwa-ke, bakwazile ukusinda, futhi konke kubonga ososayensi abasebenza eHawaii National Tropical Park (National Tropical Botanical Garden NTBG). Babengabokuqala ukwenza imisebenzi okuhloswe ngayo ukusindisa abamele umhlaba wezitshalo abasongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Kwanqunywa ukuthi kuphunyelwe izimbali ngesandla, okuyinto ososayensi abambalwa abanesibindi ababekade bakhuphuka ngesibindi. Ukungcola kufanele bakwenze endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayinkulungwane ngaphezulu kolwandle. Ngenxa yalabososayensi, abantu basangayithanda i-brigamy futhi bathole imbewu kuyo. Kwaba yibo futhi abaqala lolu hlelo, okuhloswe ngalo ukusindisa lolu hlobo lwabamele umhlaba wezitshalo.
Eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye yekhulu leminyaka eledlule, imbewu yalesi sitshalo yayisekucwaningweni okucwaningisisiwe kwenkampani yaseDashi uPlanethi Planet. It is iqhaza kulinywe hhayi ejwayelekile izitshalo zendlu. Yilapho lapho manje brigamy isikhulile futhi sahlukaniswa khona, lapho noma ubani angahlobisa khona ifulethi labo namuhla.
Isiqu esingajwayelekile esenziwe njengamabhodlela omnandi sinamanzi amaningi, futhi isilinganiso esikhulu somswakama singanqwabelana kuwo. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukuqhubeka nenkathi ende eyomile. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu kukhona amapuleti amaqabunga acwebezelayo ahlanganiswe kuma-rosette. Ubude bamaqabunga aluhlaza aluhlaza bungaba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30. Phezu kobuso bawo kukhona ungqimba lwe-wax, futhi ngaphandle afana namaqabunga eklabishi. Amahlamvu ngezansi angakhula aphuzi futhi awe ngesikhathi sokukhula. Endaweni lapho enamathiselwe khona esiqwini, kukhipha ujusi omhlophe omhlophe, ongameleli monakalo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lokhu kuthandeka kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3, futhi ukuba ngaphakathi, ukuphakama kwayo cishe akukaze kudlule amasentimitha ayi-100. Isiqu somcabango osemusha siluhlaza futhi sibushelelezi, njengoba sikhula, umbala waso uba mpunga, bese izibazi zivele ebusweni (ulandelwa kusuka kumapuleti amaqabunga afile). Izimbali eziphuzi eliphuzi, eziqukethe amacembe ama-5, zitholakala ngamaqembu ama-3-8 pcs. I-whisk inobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-1 kuya kwayi-3, ubude bethhubhu buyahlukahluka ukusuka kumasentimitha ayi-7 kuye kwayi-14.
Ngaphezulu kwesiqu esingenamabala amnyama ngombala obunjiwe njengotshani noma onsundu, esinokuqina ngezansi, futhi ingaphezulu lingaba bushelelezi noma libala, kuvela izimbali. Izimbali ezinephunga elimnandi le-Vanilla ziyaqhakaza ngoSepthemba-Okthoba.
Ukunakekelwa kweBrigamy ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa
Ebusika, ukubeka lesi sitshalo, kufanele ukhethe iwindi lokuma ngaseningizimu, ngoba idinga ukukhanya okuningi. UBrigamy ujwayele kancane ukuqondisa imisebe yelanga ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, futhi yilokho kuphela, ngoba isibani selanga singakheka phezu kwesiqu ngenxa yegxolo elincane. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siba nesikhathi esishisayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kumele isuswe emisebeni yelanga ngqo, futhi uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singawaphonsa wonke amaqabunga. Abalimi abaningi balulekisa ukubeka i-brigamia engadini noma kuvulandi phakathi nehlobo, kuyilapho bekhumbula ukuthi emoyeni ovulekile lokhu kuncipha okungcono kubekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngezinsuku zokuqala zasekwindla, imbali ibuyiselwa egumbini, lapho iqhakaza khona maduze. Futhi ungazithanda izimbali zayo ezingajwayelekile kuze kube nguNovemba.
Imodi yokushisa
Isitshalo esinjalo sithanda ukushisa kakhulu. Esikhathini esifudumele, kunconywa ukuyikhulisa ngamazinga okushisa okungenani ama-25-27 degrees. Ebusika, qiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa egumbini alinciphisi ngaphansi kwama-15 degrees. Iphendula kabi kakhulu ku-hypothermia yezimpande.
Umswakama
Kudingeka umswakama omkhulu, okufanele ube ngamaphesenti angama-65-75. Ukuze wandise umswakama, kunconywa ukuthambisa lesi sitshalo nsuku zonke kusuka kwitshiza elincane kunazo zonke.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Inani eliwuketshezi uketshezi lunganqwabelana esiqwini se-brigamy, futhi ngenxa yalokho lungaphila isikhathi eside esomile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngaphandle kokunisela isitshalo esinjalo kungenza izinyanga ezi-1.5. Ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo futhi kuphela uma inhlama yobumba isomile ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, ukuthambisa kwenziwa cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki, futhi ebusika - isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-4. Uma isitshalo siniselwa kakhulu, uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande lungabola. Ngokunisela, kufanele usebenzise amanzi afudumele (ama-degree angama-2-4 ngaphezulu kwezinga lokushisa lomoya).
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Isitshalo sondliwa esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo isikhathi 1 emavikini ama-4. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo we-cacti, okumele uchitheke emanzini enzelwe ukunisela.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Inhlabathi efanelekayo kufanele ibe semanzini futhi idonswe kahle, njengoba kungenjalo ukubola kungavela ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ukulungiselela ukuxubana kwenhlabathi, isihlabathi kufanele sihlanganiswe nenhlabathi ethengiwe ye-cacti, okumele ithathwe ngamasheya alinganayo. I-substrate kufanele ibe yi-acidic encane (ukusuka ku-5.0 kuye ku-6.0) noma ingathathi hlangothi (isuka ku-0.6 iye ku-0.7).
Izici Zokufakelwa
Kunconywa ukufakelwa entwasahlobo. Izinhlobo ezintsha zitshalwa kanye ngonyaka, kanye nabantu abadala - kanye ngeminyaka emi-2 noma emi-3. Amabhodwe afanele kufanele abe banzi futhi aphansi. Ngakho-ke, izitsha ze-bonsai zikulungele kahle, ezansi yazo kukhona izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Yilokho kuphela, ngoba lesi sitshalo esivumayo sinezimpande zemvelo ezitholakala ekujuleni kwamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba omuhle wamanzi odaka olwandisiwe ezansi kwesitsha, ubukhulu bawo okufanele bulingane namasentimitha ayi-3-5.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ungasabalalisa ngembewu, kepha ngalokhu udinga ukufaka impova yezimbali ngesandla. Ingasakazwa ngokusikwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, izihlahla ezisikiwe ngokwazo zithathwa engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu, futhi zikhula lapho lapho zonakaliswa. I-shank ishiyelwa izinsuku ezi-2 emoyeni ovulekile wokuwomile. Emva kwalokho, ibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa esihlabathini, okufanele yomile futhi ihlanzekile. Ungakhohlwa ukukhipha umoya obamba ukushisa okuluhlaza nsuku zonke, futhi futhi unciphise isiqu ngamanzi afudumele avela ku-sprayer esincane.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Imvamisa spider ihlala phezu kwamahlamvu. I-whitefly noma i-aphid nayo ingahlala.
Izimfihlo zokukhula brigamy
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo lokhu okumnandi, kufanele uzijwayeze ngamathiphu ambalwa avela kubalimi abanolwazi.
- Lapho ama-buds akha esitshalweni, futhi nangesikhathi sezimbali, awukwazi ukujikelezwa ngokuhlobene nomthombo wokukhanya. Ngaphandle kwalokho, wonke ama-buds angawa. Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile ekwindla nasebusika, i-brigamy iyanconywa ukuba ikhanyiswe, ngenkathi ukukhanya kwemini kufanele kube amahora angama-12. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ubude obudingeka bemini, udinga ukukhanyisa izibani ezikhethekile amahora ama-2 ngaphambi kokusa, kanye nakusihlwa.
- Ngenxa yokuxineka, isitshalo singawachitha wonke amahlamvu awo. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela kungadala ushintsho ekujuleni kokukhanya, ukuguquka kusuka ebusika kuye ehlobo, ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu lomswakama, ukwanda kwamathuba ezinambuzane, ukunyakaza kwembali kusuka esitolo kuya efulethini. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo ilahla amahlamvu njengokuzivikela. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuba sekuhlanganisiwe, amapheshana amasha akhula ngokushesha kuwo.
- Uma ingxenye engenhla yesiqu yonakele, khona-ke ukuqhakaza okukuyo kungavuka, ngenxa yalokho “umqhele” uba muhle ngokwengeziwe.
- Ishawa efudumele, ehlelwe kanye njalo emavikini ama-4, inomphumela omuhle esizalweni, kepha amanzi akufanele ashise. Ungahlela futhi i-sauna "brigamy", uma kungenzeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwikhabethe lokugeza eligcwele umusi, kuyadingeka ukubeka okumnandi amahora angama-5-6 (ungacimi isibani).
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zesitshalo esinjalo: rocky brigamy (Brighamia rockii) no brigamy insignis (Brighamia insignis). Banokufana okukhulu ngokubukeka. Ziyahlukahluka ngeziqu, ngakho-ke edwaleni le-brigamia, uvuvukala ngokwengeziwe ezansi bese kancane kancane uthwebula phezulu. Noma kuyi-brigamia, ukungeniswa kwembali kungahle kube nombala omhlophe noma ophuzi noma amhlophe, kanti kwa-brigamia idwala linombala ophuzi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukunquma ngokunembile uhlobo lwesitshalo ngalesi sici, ngoba izimbali ezimhlophe neziphuzi zingaba khona kusampuli eyodwa. Njengomthetho, i-corolla iqukethe amacembe ama-5, kepha ngasikhathi sinye izimbali ezinamaphilisi ayi-6 noma ayi-7, nakuzo zombili izinhlobo. Izithelo ziyimbewu yama-polyspermous eyomile enamagumbi amabili, ubude engafinyelela kuyo ukusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-2 amasentimitha, futhi ububanzi - ukusuka ku-1 kuya ku-1.5 amasentimitha. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zemifantu 2 yemifino, emva kwalokho imbewu ekuyo iyaphuma. Imbewu encanyana ye-oval ubude ifinyelela kuphela nge-centimeter. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezitshalo ezinjalo ziyahlukaniswa yimbewu. Ngakho-ke, ku-brigamia imbewu enamadwala ibushelelezi, futhi ngo-brigamia insignia tubercles ezincane zitholakala ebusweni bawo, futhi ngenxa yalokho ziqinile ekuthinteni.
