Amadlozi asendle asamakhabe anamuhla amnandi asakhula ezigodini ezomile zaseBotswana, Namibia, South Africa nakwamanye amazwe akule ndawo. Ngokungafani nama-mbewu, izitshalo zasendle azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ushukela noma ezinkulu. Inyama ephuzi noma emhlophe ngaphakathi kwezithelo ezingama-250 gramu isha noma imunyu ngokuphelele.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-Watermelon
Noma kunjalo, amakhabe asendle e-Afrika ayebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kubahambi nezihambeli kwesinye isikhathi babeba ukuphela komthombo womswakama. Kwakunamakharavani ezohwebo lapho amakhabe afike e-Middle East, e-Asia Minor.
Imizamo yokuthola izithelo ezinkulu nezinencasa yenziwa eGibhithe lasendulo, amakhuloni akhula eNdiya, ePheresiya naseChina. E-Europe, isiko belingasabalaliswa langaphambilini kunasemakhulukhulu e-XVI-XVII, futhi lezo zinhlobonhlobo zamakhabe, njengasesithombeni sesinye sezinto ezisaqhubeka ngaleyo nkathi, zaziphansi ngobumnandi, ukujula kanye nombala wezithelo ezivuthwa emibhedeni yesimanje.
Eminyakeni eyikhulu kuphela edlule, abafuyi bezokwakha bathole inani elimangalisayo lezinhlobo ezintsha kanye no-nzalo, benikeza ama-gourmets ithuba lokuzama inyama yokungabomvu noma pinki kuphela, kodwa futhi kuphuzi noma kucishe kube mhlophe. Futhi amagxolo amakhabe emibhedeni yamanje angeke abe luhlaza omnyama noma onemigqa kuphela, kodwa futhi aphuzi, amhlophe, abe namabala noma abe nephethini yemabula.
Abahlali basehlobo nabalimi banikezwa amasimu angamakhulu ambalwa namafomu ama-hybrid akhiqiza izithelo ezimnandi ezisuka ku-kilogremu kuya ku-90. Yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhabe ekhonjiswe esithombeni?Ci-arolina Isiphambano ", ngokwesilinganiso sikhula sifinyelela kuma-30-50 kg, kepha kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela isisindo cishe esingu-200 kg.
Isikhathi samakhabe e-Astrakhan
E-Russia, amakhabe kudala kwakhula e-Little Russia, esifundeni saseKuban naseningizimu yeVolga, lapho izimo zezulu zavumela khona ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezinkulu ezimnandi. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet kuze kube manje, amakhabe avela eduze nase-Astrakhan ayejabulela inhlonipho ekhethekile nesidingo kubathengi. Isisho esithi "i-Astrakhan watermelon" sasisho ukuthi ngaphansi kokuqothuka okuncane, ubomvu, ushukela obabayo nobumnandi obungenakufinyeleleka empeleni buzotholakala.
Le ndawo yathathwa njengekhabe eliyinhloko leSoviet Union, kanti izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezitshalwayo kwakuyi-watermelon yase-Astrakhan.
Isilimo sezithelo zokuqala esinezintambo ezi-stripping satholakala ngonyaka we-1977 e-Astrakhan Institute of Vegetable and Melon growing. Amakhabe avuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-70-80 ngemuva kokuhlwanyelwa aye athela izithelo kangangokuba amathani angama-120 ezinshukela aqokelelwa ehektheleni lekhabe, okungaphezu kwalokho, angagcinwa izinyanga ezingaba ngu-2,5 futhi kwakulula ukubekezelela izinto zokuhamba. Lezi zimo zazenza amakhabe e-Astrakhan athandwe kakhulu futhi athandeke ezweni.
Amakhabe weVolgograd avela esigodini saseBykovo
Indawo yesibili ngokuya ngenani lamakhabe akhule eRussia kuhlala isifunda saseVolgograd. Lapha, ngesisekelo sokukhethwa okukhethekile kokutshala kwe-melon-Byonskaya nesiteshi sokuhlola e-USSR, izinhlobo ezinjalo zamakhabe zatholakala, esithombeni njengeKholodok, Bykovsky 22, Triumph kanye nangaphezulu kweshumi elinesine ngokungazethembi izimo zezindawo zokulima eziyingozi kanye nezinhlobo ezikhiqizayo kakhulu ngokwesiko lomuntu wonke.
Ikhabe leVolgograd lisathathwa njengobungcweti bokukhetha amakhabe.I-chill yokuvuthwa sekwephuzile, egcinwe kalula kuze kube uNyaka Omusha futhi ngalesi sikhathi ayilahli ukunambitheka kwayo okuhle noma ubumnandi. Ukulinywa emibhedeni yezwe, lokhu okuhlukahlukene kukhethwa kakhulu.
I-watermelon Crimson Imnandi
Ngenkathi abafuyi bezwe laseSoviet nabaseRussia belandela indlela yokuthola izinhlobo zamakhabe ezingamelana kakhulu nakho konke ukufudumala kwesimo sezulu sendawo, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zakwamanye amazwe zinenhloso ehlukile ngqa ekuqaleni. Amakhabe amakhulu anezithelo, anomumo ngesimo nangombala, enezimpawu eziphakeme zabathengi nezentengiso futhi eziphikisana nezifo, zifunwa kakhulu lapha. Kuyiqiniso, ukuze ukhule isivuno esihle, kulokhu kuzodingeka usebenzise umzamo owengeziwe futhi wenze umanyolo omningi.
Kwezinhlobonhlobo zakwamanye amazwe, abahlali bethu ehlobo baziwa kakhulu nge-watermelon Crimson Sweet, etholwe abafuyi baseMelika. Izithelo zalokhu zihlukile ngobukhulu obukhulu kanti ngokwesilinganiso zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-5 kg. Izinhlobonhlobo, zangaphandle zifana nekhabe elidumile lase-Astrakhan, zinobumnandi obuphakathi futhi zinikeza izitshalo ezinzile ezinsukwini ezingama-65-80.
Ngokwesisekelo sezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ze-watermelon Crimson Sweet eminyakeni edlule, izinhlobo eziningi zitholakele, zinkulu kunekhokho, futhi futhi zingagcinwa isikhathi eside.
Ingane enoshukela: ikhabe u-Suga Baby
Olunye uhlobo oludala lwaseRussia lweShuga Baby noma uShukela Baby owaziwa eRussia lithela izithelo eziluhlaza ezimnyama eziyindilinga nenyama ebomvu ezinsukwini ezingama-75-80 emva kokutshala. Ingane yeWatermelon Sugar ngaphandle ifana neSpark esidumile sabahlali basehlobo, kodwa sikhulu ngandlela-thile. Ama-watermelons wengane enoshukela anesisindo esisukela ku-3 kuye ku-4,5 kg, futhi inyama yawo ihlukaniswa ubukhazikhazi nobumnandi obukhulu.
Uma izinhlobonhlobo ze-Ogonyok, ezazivele zivela e-USSR emuva ngo-1960, zaziwa eNtshonalanga, mhlawumbe izithelo zawo eziyindilinga ezinegxolo elimnyama, ngaphandle kwemigqa zazibizwa ngokuthi "ikhabe elimnyama". Futhi eJapan, iSpark ingancintisana nekhabethe elibiza kakhulu emhlabeni zohlobo lweDensuke ngenhlanganisela efanayo yombala egcwele, futhi sibonga ukuthi kubiza kuze kufike ku- $ 250 lilinye.
Inyanga nezinkanyezi ekhasini lekhabe
Ngokusobala, ngesisekelo sezinhlobonhlobo ezindala zamakhabe amnyama ngo-1926 eMissouri, izinhlobo ezinegama lothando "iNyanga neNkanyezi" zatholakala. Izindawo ezigqamile ophuzi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene zifana nemibani yokukhanyisa ebusuku ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka sasebusuku zihlakazekile eduze kwamagxolo aluhlaza aleli khabe ngisho namahlamvu.
Cishe ikhulu leminyaka, lolu hlobo lwamakhabe, njengasesithombeni, lusaqhubeka luthandwa, futhi namhlanje ama-nzalo avele hhayi kuphela ngokubomvu kwepinki, kodwa futhi nenyama ephuzi. Ama-watermelons asele enesisindo esisukela ku-9 kuye ku-23 kg akujwayelekile phakathi kwezithelo "zenkanyezi".
I-Marble Watermelon
Olunye uhlobo lwezithelo ngenxa yegridi enhle yemithambo eluhlaza emnyama ngokumelene nesizinda esikhanyayo segxolo sibizwa ngokuthi ikhabe lemabula. Imvamisa lezi ziyamakhabe ama-oblong anesisindo esisuka ku-5 kuye ku-15 kg nge-pulpy ebomvu, epinki noma ebomvu, inani elincane lembewu nokunambitheka okuhle.
Isibonelo se-watermelon yemabula yizinhlobo ezikhethiwe zaseFrance uCharleston Grey, okwaqhakambisa wonke umndeni wama-orts athela izithelo kanye nzalo. Abafuyi bezindawo baseRussia abalali ngemuva kwabalingani babo baseNtshonalanga futhi balethwa kubalimi i-Honey Giant eseyivuthiwe, izinhlobonhlobo zamakhabe, njengoba kusesithombeni, enikeza izithelo ezinkulu kuze kube ngu-60 cm ubude futhi zinesisindo esingama-15 kg, nesomiso esiphikisana kahle nesomiso nezifo zezitshalo ezijwayelekile.
Amakhabe amhlophe angaba amnandi
Uma amagxolo ezinsimbi zemabula enombala okhanyayo okhanyayo ngephethini ecashile, khona-ke ikhasi lezinhlobo zaseMelika Navajo zasebusika licishe libe mhlophe.
Inyama yale ikhabe elimhlophe ingaba yipinki noma ebomvu, kepha empeleni ilucrispy futhi imnandi kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zithathwa njengesinokubekezelela isomiso, futhi izithelo zigcinwa kalula izinyanga ezi-4.
Uma abalimi nabathengi sebevele sebejwayele ikhasi lekhala elinemibala eminingi, khona-ke inyama emhlophe noma ephuzi yalezo zithelo ezimnandi ilukuluku lamaRussia. Kepha inzalo enjalo engajwayelekile etholakala ngokuwela imifino yamakhabe nezinhlobo ezikhula zasendle ezisezingeni lokuthandwa futhi zingaba nenyama yazo zonke izithunzi kusuka kokhilimu-orenji, ophuzi kuye kumhlophe.
Kuliqiniso, ngesinye isikhathi ngaphansi kwesikhwishane esimhlophe, abahlali basehlobo okhanyayo banikezwa ithanga lasePeru, elinamaqabunga amabi, i-ficifolia, ngesimo samahlamvu nokubukeka kwesithelo, esifana nekhabe lemabula, kodwa abakwazi ukuncintisana nalo ngobumnandi.
Ngabe ukunambitheka kwekhabethe eliphuzi kunjani?
Ama-watermelons anepulpine ephuzi anikezwa kumakhasimende namuhla ngaphansi kwegama likaphayinaphu, yize ukufana kwalezi zithelo kukhawulelwa kuphela ngumhlobiso omuhle wezilayi, futhi ukushintshwa kombala akukuthinti ukunambitheka kwekhabe lephuzi.
Abafuyi baseRussia banikeza izakhamizi zasehlobo ukuzama amakhabe wepayinaphu aqoqwe emibhedeni yabo. Ama-watermelons ezinhlobonhlobo zeLunny alungele ukuqoqwa ngezinsuku ezingama-70-75 kusuka esikhathini sokuhluma kwezithombo. Izithelo ezinamapheya ayimigqa ekhangayo zikhula zibe ngu-3.5-4 kg futhi zibe nezimpawu ezinhle zokunambitha.
I-hybrid yokukhethwa ezifuywayo, iPrince Hamlet F1 akuyona nje ukukhula kokuqala. "Ukugqamisa" okuyinhloko kufihlwe ngaphansi kwegxolo elincane eliminyene. Uginindela walesi makhabe onamapayipi anobunzima obungu-2 kg ulamula ophuzi, omnandi.
Kodwa izinhlobonhlobo zamakhabe, esithombeni, Isipho selanga singadideka kalula hhayi ngephayinaphu, kodwa nge-amakhabe, ngoba izithelo zalesi sitshalo zinegxolo elibushelelezi eliphuzi, elifana kakhulu nekhasi lomunye umkhondo odumile. Le ikhabe ephuzi, ngenxa yokuqongelela ushukela ongafika ku-12%, ukunambitheka okuhle, ukuthungwa okune-juicy pulp nokuvuthwa kokuqala.
Namuhla, izinkampani ezizalisayo eNetherlands, e-USA naseJapan zisebenza ngokuzikhandla emkhakheni wokuthola ama-diploid hybrids akhiqiza amakhabe angenazithombo. Iminyaka eminingana, izithelo ezinjalo, ezingenazo ngokuphelele imbewu noma ezinezifiso zazo kuphela, sezitshaliwe ezweni lethu.
Isibonelo salokhu yi-hybrid yekhabe ephuzi iPrince Hamlet kanye nekhabe le-oblong elikhethwe eMelika uStabolit F1.
