IBuchus, noma iBoxwood

I-Boxwood (I-Buxus) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni we-boxwood. Lezi izihlahla ezikhula njalo ezihlala zikhula kancane nezihlahla ezikhula zize zifike kubude obuyi-2-12 m (kwesinye isikhathi kube ngu-15 m). Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva, uhlobo lwe-boxwood lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100.

Igama lesiLatini lohlobo livela kwamanye amaGrikhi. πύξiiς - Izincwadi, ukubolekwa kolimi olungaziwa. Ku-Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Ulimi, amanye amagama aseRussia abhalwe ngo-boxwood abhalwe phansi - ibhokisi le-axle, umuthi oluhlaza, i-gevan, i-bukspan, i-shamshit kanye nesihlahla sesundu. Izimpawu zamagama: I-Crantzia, i-Notobuxus, iTricera

Boxwood. © Van Swearingen

E-Russia, i-boxwood ivame ukuvuthwa njengesitshalo sebhodwe, nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, njengama-hedges.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-boxwood ingesinye sezitshalo zakudala ze-bonsai, ngoba le bhokisi lezinkuni linezinzuzo eziningi: likhula endishini encane, liyabekezelela ukuthenwa, izihlahla kahle, linamaqabunga amancane, futhi yisitshalo nje esisebenzayo.

Ibhokisi leBoxwood Botanical

Amaqabunga e-boxwood aphambene, kusuka kokuqhathaniswa kuya kokuzungeza ngokuphelele, onqenqemeni, onesikhumba.

Izimbali ze-Boxwood zincane, azikhohlisi, kuma-axillary inflorescence, amakha.

Izithelo ze-boxwood yibhokisi elinamacala amathathu, okuthi lapho selivuthiwe, liqhekeze futhi lisakaze imbewu emnyama ecwebezelayo.

Boxwood. © Tuinieren

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Boxwood

Ukushisa

Ehlobo, okujwayelekile kwekamelo lokushisa, yize ibhokisi le-boxwood likhetha ukubekwa ngaphandle. Ungayiyisa kuvulandi lapho usongo wokufika kwentwasahlobo udlula, ukuletha ekwindla, ngesimo sezulu sokuqala esibandayo. I-Boxwood kufanele ibe nobusika ezimweni ezipholile ngokunisela okulinganiselwe. Ezinhlotsheni ze-thermophilic, izinga lokushisa elilungile lasebusika licishe libe ngu-16-16 C, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-12 ° C. Izinhlobo ze-boxwood ezingamelana neqhwa zingabanda emhlabathini ovulekile nendawo yokuhlala.

Isibani:

I-Boxwood ithande ukukhanya okukhanya okukhanyayo. Ehlobo, ukufutheka kusuka elangeni eliqondile lemini. Engadini, ibhokisi le-boxwood libekwe emthunzini wemvelo wamabhasi aphezulu noma izihlahla.

Ukunisela i-boxwood:

Ehlobo kukhulu impela, ebusika - kunqabile kakhulu kuya ngokushisa.

Umanyolo:

Phakathi kukaMashi no-Agasti, njalo emavikini amabili. Umanyolo we-azaleas kufanelekile.

Umswakama womoya:

IBoxwood iphendula kahle ekufafazwa ngezikhathi ngezikhathi ngamanzi amile.

Ukufakwa kwe-Boxwood:

Minyaka yonke enhlabathini ephendula nge-pH eduze nokungathathi hlangothi. Ingxube yengxenye eyodwa yomhlaba we-coniferous, izingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba onamaqabunga, 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi (vermiculite, perlite). Ungangeza izingcezu zamalahle e-birch. Kudingeka amanzi amancono, amandla okutshala akufanele abe banzi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sivinjelwe ukukhula.

Boxwood. © fox-and-fern

Ukuzala kabusha kweBoxwood

IBoxwood yasakazwa ukusikwa kanye nembewu. Ngokwesiko, kuvame ukusakazwa ngokusika kwehlobo nokwindla, ngoba imbewu inesikhathi eside kakhulu sokuphumula. Izimbambo ze-Boxwood zithatha izimpande isikhathi eside futhi zilukhuni. Izimbumbulu kufanele zilinganiswe ngokulinganayo ezansi, zingabi ngaphezu kuka-7 cm futhi zibe nama-2-3 internodes. Ukuze kube nokubangwa kwezimpawu, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ama-phytohormones (izimpande, i-heteroauxin) kanye nokushisa kwenhlabathi egumbini abamba ukushisa kulo.

Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nemvelo

Kunezindawo ezintathu ezinkulu:

E-Afrika - emahlathini nasezindaweni ezisemahlathini aseningizimu ye-Equatorial Africa naseMadagascar,
E-Central American - ezindaweni ezishisayo nezimfunda eziseningizimu nenyakatho yeMexico neCuba (izinhlobo ezingama-25); Izinhlobo zaseMelika ziyizitshalo ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga zohlobo, zivame ukufinyelela usayizi wezihlahla eziphakathi nendawo (kuze kufike kumamitha angama-20),
I-Euro-Asiya - isuka eziqhingini zaseBrithani yadlula eSouthern Europe, e-Asia Minor nase Ntshonalanga Asia, eTranscaucasia, eChina yaya eJapan naseSumatra.

E-Russia, ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama eCaucasus, ezigodini nasezigodini zemifula ngesihlahla sesibili samahlathi anqabile, kukhula uhlobo olulodwa - IBoxwood Colchis, noma iCaucasian (i-Buxus colchica). Ihlathi eliyingqayizivele le-boxwood lisendaweni efinyelela maphakathi noMfula iTsitsa emahlathini amaQurinsky amahlathi aseKurdzhip eRiphabhulikhi yase-Adygea, linesimo sendawo enombuso wokongiwa okuvikelwe. Indawo yayo ingamahektare angama-200.

IBoxwood Colchis, amagatsha anamaqabunga nezithelo. © Lazaregagnidze

Indawo ye-boxwood ivame ukuncishiswa ngenxa yokuwa. Izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zamahlathi ama-boxwood relict ahlupheka ekwindla ka-2009 ngenkathi kwakhiwa i-Olimpiki yomgwaqo i-Adler - iKrasnaya Polyana. Iziqubu eziyizinkulungwane eziningana zakhululwa zangcwatshwa.

Ama-Boxwoods ayizitshalo ezingenakudonswa kakhulu: zikhula emadwaleni amatshe, emaphethelweni amahlathi, emahlathini acwebezelayo namahlathi amnyama aqinile. Kubekezelela umthunzi kuphela, kepha futhi nokuthanda ukushisa. Emvelweni baphila kunhlabathi ene-acidic kancane.

Isimo sokuphepha

IColchis boxwood ibhalwe ku-Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Izincazelo nokusebenza

IBoxwood ingesinye sezitshalo ezindala zokuhlobisa ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza izingadi nokuhlobisa ingadi (kwakuvame ukubizwa kanjalo IBuchusus) Iyabaluleka ngomqhele wayo obukhulu obuhle, amahlamvu acwebezelayo kanye nekhono lokubekezelela ukugunda izinwele, okukuvumela ukuthi udale uthango nemingcele kusuka kubo, kanye nezimo eziyinqaba ezigcina ukwakheka kwazo isikhathi eside.

AmaKatolika eNtshonalanga Yurophu ahlobisa amakhaya awo ngamagatsha e-boxwood ngePalm ngeSonto.

Boxwood

IBoxwood iyinhlobo yama-spelwood engenazikhali zenuzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esihlahleni esisanda kugawulwa, umehluko wombala phakathi kwezinkuni ezivuthiwe nokhuni oluvuthiwe cishe awunakuphikwa. Izinkuni ezomisiwe ze-boxwood zinombala ofanayo we-matte kusuka kokukhanya okuphuzi kuya ku-waxy, okuthi kumnyama kancane ngeskhathi, futhi nesakhiwo esingesihle sinezendlalelo zonyaka ezinciphile. Imikhumbi mincane, iyodwa, ayibonakali ngeso lenyama. Imisebe engaphakathi icishe ingabonakali kokusikeka. Izinkuni zinambitha okubabayo okuncane, akukho phunga elithile.

IBoxwood yiyona enzima futhi eyisidina kunazo zonke ezitholakala eYurophu. Ubuningi bayo busuka ku-830 kg / m³ (owomile ngokuphelele) kuya ku-1300 kg / m³ (osandwe ukwenziwa), futhi ubunzima bawo busuka ku-58 N / mm (radial) kuya ku-112 N / mm² (ukuphela).

IBoxwood inamandla kune-Hornbeam ngamandla: iyacindezela ngokuhambisana nemicu - cishe i-74 MPa, ene-static bending - 115 MPa.

I-Hardwood boxwood isetshenziselwa ukhuni oluncane oluqoshwe, ekwenzeni izitsha ezincane, izingcezu ze-chess, ibhola le-cue yokudlala i-novus, izinsimbi zomculo, izingxenye zomshini, ezazidinga ukumelana okuphezulu kokuhlanganiswa okuhambisana nendawo ephezulu bushelelezi: ama-rolling yemishini yokuphrinta , ama-spools kanye nokusonga okwelukiweyo, izinsimbi zokulinganisa, imininingwane yamathuluzi wokubona nokuhlinzwa. Izindawo ezinobuhlalu ziya ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi okubhema.

I-Boxwood sawn ngaphesheya kothango (i-butt) isetshenziswa ngokhuni (i-woodcut). IBoxwood yisihlahla esihle kakhulu sokhuni, futhi lokhu kwaholela ekucekelweni phansi kwayo okuphelele ngokuphelele engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, lapho imifanekiso emaphephandabeni emhlabeni wonke yayinqunywa emabhodini e-boxwood, ngesinye isikhathi ubukhulu bephephandaba busakazeka.

Ama-Sawn veneers enziwe futhi enziwa ngamanani amancane ukusuka ku-boxwood, besebenzisa imishini ekhethekile enomisiwe omncane. Eminyakeni engu-XX ne-XXI yamakhulu eminyaka i-boxwood veneer ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme isetshenziselwa ama-inlays kuphela.

I-Tsuge (igama lesiJapane elithi boxweed) ngokhuni lapho kwenziwa khona izibalo zokudlala i-shogi.

Izipesheli ukuthengisa izinkuni ze-boxwood emakethe zivamile, futhi intengo yazo iphakeme kakhulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-boxwood njengesitshalo sokwelapha

Kudala ezikhathini zasendulo, i-boxwood yayisetshenziswa njengekhambi lokulwa nokukhwehlela, izifo zesisu, kanye nokudla okungapheli, ngokwesibonelo, umalaleveva. Njengomuthi wokulwa nomalaleveva, okusolwa ukuthi uqhathaniswa usebenza ne-quinine. Namuhla, amalungiselelo e-boxwood awasetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yobuthi bawo, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukuwathatha ngokunembile. Ukweqa ngokweqile kungaholela ekuhlanzeni, ekuqinisekisweni ngisho nasekufeni. Ama-homeopaths asasebenzisa i-boxwood njengekhambi lokulwa nokuqaqanjelwa.

Futhi imfihlakalo engaphezulu ...

I-Boxwood isetshenziselwa ukwenza amulets. Kukholelwa ukuthi amahlumela e-boxwood asebenza njenge-amulet emangalisayo evela ezinkulungwaneni ezahlukahlukene ezimbi, kusuka kumlingo omnyama, ngokwesibonelo, esweni elibi nasenkhohlakalweni, kusuka ku-vampirism yamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlumela ama-boxwood abekwe ngaphansi komcamelo angavikela emaphusheni amabi. Kunombono futhi wokuthi uma umuntu ehlala ephethe i-boxwood twig naye, lokhu kumnika isipho sobuqili futhi kumvikele ezingozini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izichichima zangaphambili ezivela ku-boxwood zazisetshenziswa njenge- "castle" labathakathi. Lezi zintelezi ze-boxwood "zavala" abathakathi, zingabavumeli ukuba basebenzise amandla abo ngokubi.

Izici ezinobuthi

Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo futhi ikakhulukazi amaqabunga anobuthi. I-Boxwood iqukethe cishe ama-alkaloid angama-70, phakathi kwabanye cyclobuxin D. Okuqukethwe kwama-alkaloid ngamaqabunga namagxolo cishe kungama-3%. Umthamo we-Lethal cyclobuxin D izinja, i-0.1 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba lapho zithathwa ngomlomo.