Yaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni, imbali ekhanyayo ekhula emibhedeni yezimbali eduze kwendlu noma ezweni, ethandwa ngabaningi. Bamthanda ngokungathobeki kwakhe, umbhikisho wemibala nokulula kokutshala nokunakekela, kanye nesikhathi sezimbali eside: kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ekwindla. Izithombe zezimbali ze-cosmea nezincazelo zezinhlobo zazo ezidumile kuzobhekwa ngezansi.
Incazelo nokunakekela
ICosmea (iCosmos) - isitshalo esijwayelekile emndenini we-astro, eza kithi sivela eMexico, eBrazil naseMelika Ephakathi. Isikhathi eside, lesi sitshalo besingaziwa njengezimbali, sisibheka njengotshani obujwayelekile. Kepha sibonga umsebenzi wabafuyi bezolimo, bekukwazi ukukhipha izinhlobo manje ezihlobisa isiphithiphithi sezingadi zemibala nemibhede yezimbali yasemadolobheni kulo lonke ihlobo.
Kukhona igama elidumile elithi cosmea - "disheveled young lady", elinikezwe imbali leyo ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo: amahlamvu aluhlaza acwebile afana nama-curls aqhekekile, amathiphu awo anamachashaza ama-inflorescences aqhakazile.
Kunezinhlobo zeminyaka nonyaka zonyaka ze-cosmea. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-25 zale mbali, kodwa sezithathe izimpande kakhulu yazo zonke futhi zithandwa yi-cosmea yesibabule-ephuzi kanye ne-cosmea emise nse. Kungakhathaleki ukuthi hlobo luni lwezitshalo, lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya, kepha sithatha izimpande kangcono futhi sijabulela ukuqhakaza okuqhakaza uma imbali itshalwe emthunzini oyingxenye.
Uma utshala i-cosmea elangeni elikhanyayo, lizoshabalala ngokushesha. Esisithunzini esinamandla, lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza kabi.
Ngokutshala, kufanelekile ukukhetha inhlabathi elula, enophefumula. Ungatshala i-cosmea ngembewu noma ngezithombo. Inketho yokuqala ilungele izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ezilula. Kuhlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, lapho umhlaba usuvele ufudumele ngokwanele. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili ukuya amathathu, kuvela izithombo, okuthi lapho zifinyelela ku-5 cm, kumele zinqunywe.
Kukhethiwe, izinhlobo ezi-hybrid zikhula ngezithombo. Etshalwe ngale ndlela, izitshalo ziqala ukuqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi. ICosmea, ehlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini, iqhuma ngo-Agasti. Ukuze imbali ingalahlekelwa yizinto zayo zokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukususa ama-inflorescence awonakele. ICosmea yanoma yiluphi uhlobo iyaniselwa ize ifike kwisitshalo esidala. Ukuchelela okuningana kwenziwa futhi uma kunesidingo, okungukuthi, ngamahlobo omile nokuntuleka kwemvula.
Lesi sitho esikhulayo, simelana nokubanda nesitshalo sesomiso. Izithombe zezimbali ze-cosmea zizokuvumela ukuthi ubonge ubuhle bezimbali futhi uqonde izizathu zokuthandwa kwayo ekuklanyweni komhlaba kanye nokuhlelwa kwezindawo zomuntu siqu nemibhede yezimbali.
Izinhlobo zeCosme
Ukuthandwa kwesitshalo nakho kungenxa yokwehlukahluka kosayizi baso. Kukhona i-cosmea emide, engaphansi naphansi, evame ukutshalwa ezimbizeni zezimbali ekhaya.
Izinhlobo ezilula ze-cosmea zivame ukuba mude kakhulu, zisakazeke emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kufanele ziboshwe. Kepha abafuyi bezinkomo banciphise izinhlobo zemvelo ezincishisiwe nezingamakhandlela e-cosmea, ezakha ama-rosette ahlotshiswe kahle wezimbali, eduze kwezinye izimbali ezisezimbali. Futhi yize kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 zezinto eziphilayo ezaziwa ngokuthi yi-cosmea, izitshalo zisatshalalile, okuzochazwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
ICosmea Bifolia
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Double-Faced Cosmea, izwe lakubo elibhekwa njengezifunda ezintabeni zaseMexico. Lokhu kungonyaka, iziqu zazo kwesinye isikhathi ezifinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwemitha. Ama-inflorescences amhlophe, apinki futhi onsomi, anobubanzi obungafika ku-10 cm. Ngokuvamile emibhedeni yezimbali ubona izimbali ezinjalo nje.
Iziqu ziqonde, ziminyene futhi zihlotshisiwe, amaqabunga anciphile futhi ahlakazekile kabili. Kungakho le nhlobonhlobo yathola igama layo, nezitshalo - ukubukeka okuluhlaza okuhlaza okotshani. Izimbali zeCosmea zeTwofold zibukeka njengesidina, eziqoqwe obhasikidi bama-inflorescences amaningi. Ama-blooms kakhulu kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Okuvame kakhulu okwenziwa minyaka yonke ngokuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali. Imbewu ivuthwa kahle, ukuhluma kuqhubeka iminyaka engama-3-5.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabafuyi bezitshalo, izinhlobo ezixakile ze-cosmea eziphindwe kabili-ziningi ezinemibala engathandeki kanye nama-inflorescence amancane athuthukisiwe. Izinhlobo ezinde ze-cosmei zikufanele kahle ukusikwa. Izithombe zezimbali ze-cosmea zibonisa ukuthi lesi sihlahla sihle futhi sikhanya kangakanani.
ICosmea Sulphur Ephuzi
Ngokuphikisana ne-izimpethu ezimbili ezichazwe ngenhla, i-cosmea yesibabule-ophuzi ngokwengeziwe yi-thermophilic, futhi iqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ngoJulayi. Inamaqabunga abanzi, kanye ne-inflorescence yemibala efudumele: ophuzi, owolintshi noma obomvu. Igama elithi isibabule egameni lakhe lisho izithunzi eziphuzi zezimbali. Ubukhulu bawo bancane, afinyelela ku-6 cm ubukhulu, kepha amacembe akhula ngemigqa emibili. Kepha ngoba imbali, ebizwa nangokuthi i-cosmos, ibhekwa njenge-semi-kabili.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ukuphakama kweziqu nakho kuyahlukahluka: zikhula zisuka kumasentimitha angama-30 ziye kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. ICosmea Sulphur ephuzi iyamelana nesomiso, futhi ngenxa yalokho ingatshalwa ohlangothini olunelanga. Kwakha ama-buds amaningi, aqhakaza ngobudlova, ngemuva kokushiswa, amacembe awa. Isitshalo sinikeza ukuzala okuningana, ukuqoqa imbewu nakho kulula kakhulu, asikho isidingo sokuzihlanza. Izimbali ziphela ngo-Okthoba.
Kungcono ukumila imbewu ye-cosmea nge-sulphur-ephuzi ekukhanyeni, futhi kulokhu akudingeki ukuthi uzimbele ujule enhlabathini.
Ngaphandle, izitshalo zalolu hlobo zifana nosawoti osekuqandeni wezimbali eziphuzi ezigqamile: isiqu sinciphile, sinezimbali, amagatsha asabalale ngezindlela ezihlukile, ashiywe kancane.
ICosmea Chocolate
Olunye uhlobo lwesitshalo i-Chocolate perennial. Imbali yehlukile, iyathakazelisa, kepha hhayi ukuthi ibanzi kakhulu. Izimbali zayo zinombala obomvu omnyama, ogqamile, ngakhoke zibizwa nangokuthi yi-black cosmea. Izwe lakubo yiLatin America neMexico, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-thermophilic kakhulu uma uliqhathanisa nalawo achazwe ekuqaleni.
Kungcono ukuyikhulisa ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngoba ukumelana nokubanda kwalolu hlobo kuphansi kakhulu. Uma i-cosmea emnyama ikhula ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esenyakatho, ikhula njengonyaka ngonyaka ovulekile noma esivaliwe njengenguquko ehlala njalo. Uthanda inhlabathi evulekile, evundile, efudumele kahle nokukhanya kwelanga okwanele.
Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso ngenxa yephunga likashokolethi elisifaka. Abantu bebelokhu bezama ukukhipha imbali ekhipha iphunga elimnandi nelinjalo. Futhi ngakho-ke ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lokugcina eMexico kwakukhona kuphela izihlahla ezimbalwa zikashokholeti zisetshenziswa zisetshenziswa. Kepha sibonga umsebenzi wabafuyi bezitshalo, kungenzeka ukuthi ugweme ukubhujiswa ngokuphelele kwalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele.
ICosmei akufanele ifakwe umanyolo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngomanyolo we-nitrogen, ngoba lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kwesisindo esiluhlaza kulimaze izimbali.
ICosmea Chocolate iyisitshalo sangemuva, kodwa ngenxa yokuqina kobusika obuphansi, kuyadingeka ukuyingenisa endlini noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa lapho kubanda. Izimbali ezibomvu, ezibomvu, nezicishe zimnyama ezinobubanzi obungama-4 cm zigudla amagatsha alesi sitshalo, afinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-40 kuye kumitha elilodwa nesigamu. I-cosmea emnyama nayo ingatshalwa ngezithombo njengezonyaka.
UCosmea Terry
Njengomthetho, i-cosmea iyisitshalo esinezimbali ezinamameteriyidi ehlukene afanayo nama-daisies. Kepha uma kucatshangelwa ukuthandwa, izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene kanye no-nzalo wazo kuye kwavunwa. I-Terry cosmea ngokuqondile lokhu: akuyona izinhlobo ezihlukile, kepha ukuhlukahluka kwesitshalo. Umehluko wayo ukuthi amacembe akhula emigqeni eminingana, okwenza izimbali ziphindwe kabili. Imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela iyafana nakwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo.
Ungahlwanyela ngokushesha emhlabathini noma emabhokisini e-seedling. I-Terry cosmea inezinhlamvu ezincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke akufanele uzijule kakhulu, umane ufafaze ngomhlabathi. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukususa njalo ama-inflorescence afihlekile. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, izimbali ze-terry cosmea zingaba ngemibala ehlukene, futhi zizothokozela kuze kube yiqhwa.
Isinxephezelo seCosmea
Isitshalo esinamandla esibandayo, esibandayo, esingafunisi ukwakheka kwenhlabathi. Iziqu zeCosmea Sension zifinyelela kubude obungama-90 cm, bese lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe, zipinki, ezibomvu njengobukhulu obukhulu, zifinyelela kububanzi obungu-10 cm. Ama-inflorescences atholakala phezulu ekugcineni kwesiqu. Ilungele kahle ukutshala njengothango lwemvelo, ukuhlobisa izindonga, uthango, imibhede yezimbali ngemuva nangendlela yokusika. Iphunga lezimbali ze-cosmea i-Sension idonsela izimvemvane nezinyosi engadini.
ICarlmea Shell
Lolu uhlobo lwe-cos -a ephindwe kabili-nge-petals ethokozisayo. Kungalesi sici ukuthi isitshalo sathola igama laso: iCosmea Shell. Lezi zihlahla ezihlakazayo ezinamahlumela amaningi. Ihlamvu elivulekile lesimo sezimbali nezimbali ezimhlophe, ezipinki kanye nezimfusa. Inezindawo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa, zihlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi, efanelekile ukusikwa. Izinhlobo ze-cosmea Shell azithobeki ekunakekelweni, ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya ekwindla. Etshalwe njengembewu emhlabathini ovulekile, nangezithombo.
ICosmea Orange
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezithandwayo minyaka yonke yiCosmea Orange. Ihluka ngemibala ekhanyayo nayiindilinga yombala welanga ophuzi-owolintshi. Iziqu ziqinile, zinotshani, futhi zinobude obungama-30 kuye kwangama-120 cm ngamahle, amaqabunga entambo nezimbali ezinesiqingatha ephindwe kabili nobubanzi obungafika ku-6 cm. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kwe-cosmea kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle wombhede wezimbali.
ICosmea Picoti
Isitshalo sonyaka esinamagatsha afinyelela ku-80 cm, sikhula esihlahleni esinamaqabunga aqine. ICosmea Picoti idume ngombala wayo ongajwayelekile wezimbali: amacembe amhlophe afakwa umngcele obomvu we-carmine ngamazinga ahlukahlukene okuqina, ububanzi be-inflorescence busuka ku-7 kuye ku-10 cm. Iqhakaza kakhulu ukusuka ngoJulayi kuya kumaqele okuqala. Izimbali ezinhle zeCosmea Picoti zizohlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali, ziyoba umhlobiso omuhle kocingo futhi zizobukeka zinhle ngevaya. Izinhlobonhlobo zisatshalaliswa kalula ngokuzitshala.
Ubomvu be-cosmea
Enye inhlobonhlobo yesitshalo engabekezeleleki iCard Carda ebomvu. Isihlahla mude ngamahlamvu anqabile, aphakamileyo, igatsha linesiqu, sinezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu. Iqhakaza lonke ihlobo kuze kube uSepthemba, ikhula kahle emhlabathini ompofu. Lesi sitshalo esikhanyayo sisetshenziselwa umngcele omkhulu, lapho ama-groupings enamaqembu, enika inzalo yokuzilawula.
Ngemuva kokubheka izithombe zezimbali ze-cosmea ezivela kule ndatshana, ungaqiniseka: noma ngabe ukhetha ziphi izinhlobonhlobo ngengadi yakho, uzogcina ngemibhede yezimbali ezinemibala egqamile eningi engakuthandi ngombala kuphela kepha nephunga elimnandi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ayikho imizamo ekhethekile edingekayo ukukhulisa izimbali ze-cosmea, futhi ngenxa yalokho noma yimuphi umhlali wasehlobo nomlimi we-amateur angabakhulisa.
