Izinhlobo ezi-6 ezinhle kakhulu ze-asparagus nendawo okuzalwa kuyo isitshalo

I-Asparagus isitshalo esimangalisayo esinamagatsha afinyelela ku-150 cm ukuphakama, endabuko eningizimu. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300 zezilwane ezifuywayo, phakathi kwazo kukhona nezinhlobo zokwelapha, zokuhlobisa futhi ezidliwayo (ngokwesibonelo, i-asparagus). Isici esihlukile - ukuntuleka kwamaqabunga achazwe kahle, ithathelwa indawo ngamagatsha aguqulwe ngendlela yezinaliti.

Izwe Lendabuko

Kukholakala ukuthi abameli bokuqala bomndeni wakwa-Asparagus bavele eNingizimu naseMpumalanga Afrika, nangemva kwalokho - eSouth America nase-Asia. Izinhlobo zasendle zikhula ogwini lweMedithera nasezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga yeRussia.

Abamele uhlobo lwe- "asparagus" lohlobo lwesizotha ezimweni zezulu, okuyisizathu sokusatshalaliswa okubanzi.

Manje izitshalo seziyindaba yokuthanda izimbali, abakhi bomzimba kanye nabathandi bezimbali ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.

I-asparagus isakazeka kanjani emazweni

Ukupheka i-Asparagus

Ekuqaleni i-asparagus isetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili B.C.E. e. abaseGibhithe lasendulo bakhulisa ngenkuthalo futhi bachitha ama-asparagus officinalis (ama-asparagus). Ngenxa yalokho, yasakazekela nakwamanye amazwekazi.

Ngokwakhiwa kobuchwepheshe obusha, abantu baqala ukwakha izinhlobo ezintsha ze-Asparagus. Isihloko sokukhethwa kwakuyizimbali ezincane zesitshalo, kanye nezithelo zazo. Izinguquko zithinte ingxenye yezitshalo, evumela ukuthi kukhule izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga.

Ngenxa yalokhu, waziwa hhayi nje njengento edla ubhedu ekuphekeni, kodwa futhi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

• Osayizi abancane bezithelo, zabo umbala obomvu zingenye zezici ze-asparagus. Amajikijolo alesi sitshalo adliwa kalula yizinyoni, kepha imbewu ayigaywa emizimbeni yawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-asparagus, kanye nezindiza zezinyoni, zithwalwa kalula ngamabanga amade;
• I-Asparagus yayilinywa ngentshiseko ngamaRoma asendulo. Babekholelwa ukuthi izithelo zithuthukisa amandla okugqamisa, ngakho-ke, amajikijolo e-asparagus officinalis ayelulekwa ukuthi asebenzise izikhulumi ezinkulu nabashumayeli baseRoma. Futhi eRoma abayikhiphi imiphumela ethokozisayo yamajikijolo emzimbeni;
• Iningi labamele lizihlahla, izihlahlana noma amakhambi ajwayelekile. Noma kunjalo kukhona izinhlobo ezishisayo zemivini, futhi ongowomndeni we-asparagus.
• Amajikijolo aqukethe ama-saponins. Lezi zitshalo ezinama-alkaloid, lapho zidliwe, zibangela uhudo noma ukugabha. Leli qiniso libaluleke kakhulu kulabo abanezingane ezincane noma ezifuywayo.

Amajikijolo ayingozi empilweni, aqukethe ama-saponins

Izici Ezikhulayo

Isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, noma kunjalo, sinjalo kuphela ezimweni zemvelo. Bambalwa abalima izindlu zezinhlobo ezingama-300 ze-asparagus, futhi kunama-nuances amaningana wokuzinakekela.

1. Tshala ayithandi ukukhanya kwelanga. Futhi phakathi kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa kunezinhlobo zangempela zemvelo ezinomhlobiso. Ngakho-ke, ungafaki i-asparagus kuvulandi kusukela ohlangothini olunelanga lwefulethi noma indlu;
2. Kudingeka izinga lokushisa lokukhiqiza elikhiqizayo le-asparagus 15 degrees, ngenxa yalokho, indawo yebhethri noma i-heater akuyona ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu lapho ushiya;
3. I-Asparagus ngokuyinhloko isitshalo esishisayo. Lokhu kubizelwa ukunisela njalo;
4. Inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe ngezikhathi ezithileukuze unikeze ukufinyelela kwe-oksijini ku-rhizome. Lapho utshala, inketho enhle ukugcwalisa i-2/3 yebhodwe ngesihlabathi noma nge-humus.

Yize i-asparagus ingeyona evundisayo kwisimo sezulu, amandla ayo okukhula ashiya ukufiseleka kakhulu.

I-Asparagus iyanconywa ukuthi ikhule ezindaweni ezinomthunzi

Isitshalo asinawo ama-buds amaningi, futhi zonke zigxile ebusweni bethanga. Uma usika ihlumela elikhulayo, ukukhula kuzophela ngenxa yokungabikho kwama-buddha e-lateral kuwo.

Lokhu kususa okukhulu ekusebenzeni nalesi sitshalo, kubalulekile ukucubungula lapho kukhula i-asparagus. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kusalinde ukuqhuma kwehlumela elisha.

Izinguquko zesizini emaqhinga wokunakekela

Izinyanga zasehlobo

I-asparagus yasehlobo kufanele iniselwe kakhulu, futhi okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Uma amanzi eqala ukuqongelela epanini, akudingekile ukukususa.

Kubalulekile ukungawudlulisi ngokunisela, ngaphandle kwalokho i-rhizome izokubola.

Futhi kufanele unakekele shading, ikakhulukazi uma imbiza isohlangothini lwelanga. Ungasithatha lesi sitshalo usise egumbini elingaphansi kwegumbi noma umgwaqo, inqobo nje uma kukhona indawo enomthunzi.

Okungenani kanye ngesonto, kufanelekile ukufafaza ingxenye eluhlaza ngamanzi acwebile. Lokhu kuzoncolisa umoya omncane ezungeze isitshalo futhi kuthuthukise ukubekezelelwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.

Ubusika

Usongo kuphela kuma-asparagus ebusika izinto zokushisa. Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka imbiza kude nezishisa ezinjalo. Ukunisela kufanele kuncishiswe kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngesonto.

I-nuance ukuphela kukaFebhuwari, lapho i-asparagus isivele iqala ukunikeza amahlumela amancane. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusifanele leso simo ukwandisa inani lamanzi.

Ntwasahlobo

Intwasahlobo inkathi evumayo yokufakelwa. Kubantu abasha, le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kanye ngonyaka, futhi nakubantu abadala - kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3. Uma isitshalo sesikhule saba ngosayizi omkhulu futhi sihlwanyelwe kakhulu, ungasihlukanisa.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ekhaya

Hlanganisa

Izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene, ezithengiswa ngobuningi esitolo, zihlanganiswa ngaphansi kwegama elivamile le-asparagus mix. Lokhu kusethwa kufaka ukubuka okuhlobisa i-asparagus. Phakathi kwazo, i-cirrus, egeleza ngokugqamile, umTopiya, isambulela kanye nokwakheka okumile ngotshwala kuvame ukutholakala.

Hlanganisa

I-Cirrus (i-plumezus)

Isitshalo esifana nesihlahla esincane sikaKhisimusi ngenxa yesiqu esincane esime ngendlela yenaliti esiqoqwe ngamaqhubu. Ubude beziqu bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, futhi zimbozwe ngezikali ezincane. UCirrus ubukeka emkhulu ebhodweni le-cache ngenxa yamagatsha alengayo.

Izimbali ezimhlophe eziluhlaza zincanyana ngosayizi (kufika ku-0.5 cm ubukhulu), zitholakala ngawodwa noma ngamaqembu angama-3-5 kuma-inflorescence e-thyroid. Naphezu kosayizi bawo omncane, anuka kamnandi.

Izithelo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi zinobuthi, njengezithombo. Cishe imbewu emithathu ivuthwe ezithelweni.

Cirrus

Kutheleke kakhulu

Isitshalo esimangazayo ngenxa yeziqu eziningi ezishintshiwe ende ezihlangana ngazinye, zakha imihlobiso eyinqaba.

Kutheleke kakhulu ifinyelela ku-1.5 m ubude. Izinaliti ezincane zitholakala eduze kwesiqu.

Lolu hlobo alunambitheki, ngoba ingabekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu nomoya owomile.

Kutheleke kakhulu

Izimbali zimhlophe qwa, zincane, ziqoqwe kusikhwama se-inflorescence. Iphunga linamakha kakhulu, limnandi futhi lisakazeka ngaphezu kwamamitha ambalwa. Izithelo zezinhlobonhlobo zombala obomvu ogqamile, obukeka ucebe kakhulu kulokho okuluhlaza kwesitshalo.

I-Ethiopian (Sprenger)

Ukulandelwa kwe-asparagus enegobolondo eligelezayo. Inezimpawu ezifanayo: i-drooping ende neziqu ezacile, ezimbozwe isikali nezinaliti. Izimbali ezimhlophe, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence.

I-Asparagus inikeza iphunga elimnandi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Isici esiyingqayizivele se-Ethiopia - izithelo ezi-orange noma ezibomvu ngenzalo eyodwa emnyama ngaphakathi.

Isambulela (isambulela)

I-Asparagus umbellatus yehlukile kubo bonke abanye Iziqu eziqinile mpo, emaphethelweni lapho kwakheka izinaliti ezinde ngohlobo lwesambulela. Iziqu eziyinhloko ziluhlaza obumnyama, zigcwalisiwe phansi.

Isitshalo sakha ngokuphelele ukwakheka okumi mpo futhi kweqa. Ngenxa yeziqu eziqinile ezingaguquki, kufanelekile ukutshala ebhodweni elijwayelekile.

Isambulela

Izimbali zimhlophe ngombala, ziqoqwe ku-inflorescence, zikhulu kakhulu (kufika ku-1.5 cm ubukhulu). Izici zokuziphatha ezinombala ophuzi zikhona. Izithelo zesambulela zingaphuzi noma zibe ne-hue ebomvu ekhanyayo.

Ogulayo (Falcous)

Okukhulu kunayo yonke ummeleli we-genara asparagus. Inamahlumela amade (afinyelela kumamitha ayi-7), eziqongweni zazo ezinwetshisiwe neziqu eziguqulwe ngesimo sesikela. Ngosayizi, "izinhlungu" ezinjalo zifana namaqabunga angempela.

I-Sickle isho imivini.

Ngokuthabisako, e-Afrika lesi sitshalo besikhula ngenkuthalo ngabakwa-aborigine njenge uthango. Isitshalo asinambulelo futhi singasinda emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nomoya owomile.

Izimbali zimhlophe, zihlelwe ngokuqondile kuma-inflorescence eduze kwesiqu. Kukhona futhi ama-stamens aphuzi ngokwesamba sezingcezu ezingama-5-7. Emva kwalokho, kwakhiwa izithelo eziyindilinga ngombala onsundu.