Uthuli - izolo, isaladi - namuhla

Sekwedlule amakhulu amabili eminyaka isaladi yathunyelwa ivela e-Europe yaya eRussia. Egcekeni lasebukhosini, wamukelwa nge-bang, kepha iningi labalimi belingadingeki: kwakukhona amaphupho amaningi, amabhula kanye nezimbabazane izungeza. Ekupheleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka ulethisi wayefiseleka engadini.

Muva nje kwakheke izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesaladi. Ziyahluka ngesimo nangombala wamaqabunga: kusuka ekukhanyeni kuya eluhlaza okomnyama, kusuka ku-pink kuye kokubomvu okumnyama nokumnyama. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinesoqabunga elibushelelezi futhi zibubende ngokuphelele futhi ziyanqwabelana, umphetho weqabunga uqothuka noma usontekile waba ama-scallops ayinkimbinkimbi. Iqabunga ngokwalo liba-silky (“oily”) abucayi, bese liwugqinsi, lube namanzi, lube bomvu.

Izinhlobo ze-lettuce zingahlukaniswa izinhlobo ezine: iqabunga, iklabishi, i-romaine nesiqu.

Masizame ndawonye ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamasaladi kanye nezici zobuchwepheshe bawo wezolimo.

I-Stall hlobo ulethisi Kuhluka ngokuthi amaqabunga adatshulwa kuwo, ngaphandle kokukhipha izitshalo. Amaqabunga makhulu, aqinile (oblong, oonxantathu, abunjwe ngotshani) noma asikiwe (iqabunga le-oki, elikhululiwe).

Sisho izinhlobo:

I-Ballet - sokutshala emhlabathini ovikelekile ebusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, emibhedeni - ehlobo lonke. Iqabunga liqhakaza, luhlaza okotshani, likhulu, libunjiwe fan, onqenqemeni lweqabunga lihlaselwe. Ukumelana nokudubula nokukhanya okuphansi. Tshala isisindo 300-600 g.

Dubachek MS - Okomhlaba ovulekile. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, oak-leaved. Inesisindo esifinyelela kuma-250 g. Iyamelana nokudubula.

URobin - oak-leaved, efana neDubachek MS, kepha amaqabunga awanambitheki futhi anamabala anthocyanin ngombala onsomi obomvu onsomi.

Emerald - for traffic ubusika-entwasahlobo. Isizini ephakathi. Iqabunga yi-obovate, luhlaza okotshani, oluhlotshiswe kahle. Isisindo sesitshalo singama-60 g. Asigugi isikhathi eside, sinokunambitheka okuhle, futhi siyamelana nokuncipha.

I-Kritset - Okokuvikelwa (okuhlwanyelwa kusukela ngoFebhuwari) nomhlaba ovulekile. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala, kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-40-45. Iqabunga elincanyana; umbala uvela kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya ophuzi. Isisindo sesitshalo esisodwa singama-250 g. Simelana nemithi nokushisa.

Ezinye izinhlobo: I-Riga, i-Red fire, iKamarnyansky, i-greenhouse yaseMoscow, unyaka omusha.

Amasaladi Ekhanda

Amasaladi ajikeleziwe anezinhlobo ezimbili: i-oyela egobile ne-crunchy-leved. ENgilandi, eSpain, e-Australia naseJapan, lezi zikhula ikakhulukazi; eFrance nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, eyokuqala.

Isaladi enekhanda (inhloko-inhloko) ivutsa sikhatsi lesidze kuneliqabunga. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-45-60 kusuka ekuveleni kwezithombo, kwakhiwa inhloko yeklabishi enezimo ezahlukahlukene nobunzima.

At ulethisi wamafutha amaqabunga angaphandle akha inhloko athambile, mncane, futhi amaqabunga angaphakathi anamafutha ekuthinteni.

Berlin ophuzi - Okomhlaba ovulekile.

Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani onesibhakabhaka ophuzi. Inhloko yeklabishi inesisindo esifinyelela ku-300 g, nobukhulu obuphakathi.

Umkhosi - Okomhlaba ovulekile. Amacembe aluhlaza aqhakaza okumpunga, onqenqemeni aluhlaza kancane. Inhloko yeklabishi enesisindo esingama-400 g, obukhulu, obumhlophe-obuphuzi ngaphakathi.

UNoran - kwenhlabathi evikelekile. Qamba amakhanda aze afike ku-250 g. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onqenqemeni oluncane lwe-wavy.

Kado (isongiwe) - ngomhlaba ovulekile. Ukuvuthwa okumaphakathi, kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-35-70 kusuka ekuhlungeni. Iqabunga libomvu ngombala oqinile we-anthocyanin. Ikhanda leklabishi linesisindo esingu-200 g.

Isifunda saseMoscow - Okomhlaba ovulekile. Ikhanda eliphakathi nendawo nelokuqala, eliyindilinga leklabishi elinesisindo esingu-200 g ukukhula ngezinsuku ezingama-40-70. Iqabunga liluhlaza. Ikhanda elivuthiwe leklabishi alilahli izimfanelo zalo emvinini izinsuku ezingafika kweziyishumi.

Sesame (kusongwe) Ukuvuthwa okumaphakathi, kuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-45-60. Iqabunga liluhlaza mnyama ngombala oqinile we-anthocyanin. Inhloko eyindilinga inesisindo esingu-300 g.

Ezinye izinhlobo: Lokuhehako, Okupendwe Kugwinyiwe, Iminikelo, Libuse.

Idume kakhulu i-crunchy Kucheryavey, Odessa (inhloko -hafu), kepha kukhona okusha: I-Olimpi, i-Olimpiki, iTarzan, iCeltic, i-Roxette, iSaladin, ishesha, i-Siren.

I-Pianoforte (isongiwe) - ngomhlaba ovulekile. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okomnyama, omile fan. Ikhanda leklabishi linesisindo esingaba ngu-500 g.Exantheni, aliphansi ngemfoloko yeklabishi.

Ikhanda elikhulu - komhlaba ovulekile, ungatshalwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Amaqabunga endaweni yokuphumula aluhlaza okotshani ngombala opinki obomvana emaphethelweni, omile fan. Ikhanda elizungezayo lifinyelela ku-400 g, ngaphakathi kuphuzi okuphuzi.

Amasaladi weRomen

Ama-salad aseRomine akha inhloko evundile yobukhulu obahlukahlukene (kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo). Amaqabunga okuthengiswayo aqondiswa ngqo phezulu, okujwayelekile kuphela ezinhlotsheni zaleli qembu. Ezikhwameni zembewu ezingeniswayo, iCos imamaki.

I-Veradartz - inhloko yelayisi. Ikhanda leklabishi liyi-ovalated-oval. Amacembe angaphandle aluhlaza, kanti angaphakathi aluhlaza okotshani.

Ezinye izinhlobo: Parisian, Sovsky, Balon.

Ama-stem Salads

Isaladi (staragus) amasaladi, lapho ingxenye enkulu edumile iyisiqu. Amaqabunga awo mancane, kepha isiqu sinwebu. Zisikwa zingavuthiwe zibe isaladi, futhi ziphekwe ngendlela ebilisiwe, njenge-asparagus. E-Russia, amasaladi anjalo athandwa eMpumalanga Ekude, nakwamanye amazwe - eKorea, Japan, China,

Ukuhlwanyelwa kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Isaladi likhula kuyo yonke inhlabathi; bekuzoba nokuphuza, indawo eyanele nekhona elikhanyiswe kahle. Futhi uma akukho okukufihlayo, kukhula njengekhompiyutha yezitshalo.

Isaladi lingahlwanyelwa ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Le ndlela inezinzuzo eziningi: Imbewu igcinwa (ukuthambisa ayifakwa), ingxenye yesithathu yesikhathi sokukhula, isaladi isemibhedeni ngendlela ekhula kahle, izithombo zingafakwa emibhedeni, zikhululwe emifino yakuqala. Ngemuva kokuthola izithombo emhlabathini ovikelekile, "umjaho" wenzelwa isivuno sokuqala.

Hlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini noma ngqo enhlabathini ye-greenhouse efakwa emigqeni ebangeni le-5 cm (uma isihlwanyelwe bese sihlelwa) no-10 cm (ngaphandle kokukhetha). Izinga lokutshala izithombo lilandelwa ukukha i-1-1,5 g nge-1 sq. M no-0,5 g ngemitha yesikwele ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ukujula kwe-groove kufinyelela ku-1 cm.Amaviki amabili emva kokuhluma, thambisa izithombo ezimbizeni ezi-3 × 3 noma ezi-6 × 6 cm ngosayizi.

Izithombo zikulungele ukutshala ngemuva kokuqalwa kwamapheshana wangempela ama-3-4 noma izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwavela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungayijuli - lapho utshala, qiniseka ukuthi intamo yezimpande ayikho ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi. Tshala izithombo emhlabathini omanzi. Noma yiziphi izinto ezimbi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa zingavimbela ukukhula futhi ziholele ekuqhakambeni. Iphethini yokutshala yezinhlobo zokuqala ezivuthiwe - 20 × 20 cm, nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu -35 × 35 cm.

Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuvamile: ukhula, umanyolo nokunisela. Ukufaka umquba ngomanyolo we-nitrogen-potassium kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamaqabunga, kepha ngaphambi kokuthi kuvalwe. Ukukhula okujwayelekile, izitshalo ze-ulethisi zidinga ukuthambisa njalo.

Qala ukuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuhlela "umgibeli ohlaza okotshani", kungcono ukuhlwanyela isaladi ngezikhathi ezimfishane (ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya amathathu), ikakhulukazi njengoba ngokubambezeleka kokuvuna, amakhanda aklanyelwe iklabishi asheshe adubule futhi abe ngaphendle. Kwisimo sezulu esomile, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande zamasaladi alwakhiwe kahle futhi cishe konke kusendlalelo esingu-6-10 cm.

Ukulungela ukuvuna kunqunywa ngosayizi wokuphuma kanye nobuningi bekhanda elijwayelekile ngalolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ikhanda liqinile ngokwanele, cindezela kancane isandla sakho esitshalweni. Uma iqabunga lingagobeki, akunakwenzeka ukuhlehlisa ngokuvuna - izinhlobo eziningi ngemuva kokuhluma ziqala ukuba munyu; Yikhipha, uyinqume phansi ngamaqabunga ama-rosette amasha.

Ezindaweni ezinobusika obumnene, ulethisi ungatshalwa ngokutshala ubusika, kepha (i-prerequisite) akufanele ushiye izitshalo ebusika, kepha izitshalo ezine-rosette yamaqabunga ama-5-6. Isaladi ayihambisani nokubanda futhi ingamelana namaqhwa aze afike ku-10 °, futhi ngaphansi kweqhwa aze afike ku-20 °. Kubalulekile:

• musa ukukhulisa ukuhlwanyela, gcina iphethini yokutshala enconyiwe;
• lapho ukutshala izithombo musa ukuqinisa intambo impande;
• Musa ukomisa inhlabathi.

Futhi ekugcineni, ake ngikuikhumbuze: isaladi iqukethe wonke amavithamini owaziwa njengamanje. Ukuvimbela i-atherossteosis nezifo eziningi zamathumbu, kwanele ukudla i-100-150 g yesaladi nsuku zonke. Cabanga ngempilo yakho futhi ukhule amasaladi amaningi, ngoba alula kakhulu.

Akuzenzekeli ukuthi ekuqaleni kwendatshana sikhulume ngamaphupho kanye nezimbabazane. Kuze kube manje, ulethisi usekhulile, kanti izimbabazane kanye ne-chamomile sezivele ziphenduka eziluhlaza ngamandla nakakhulu. Kuyajabulisa ukuqhathanisa okuqukethwe okunomsoco ku-lettuce yamaqabunga, i-nettle nedeshi:

Okuqukethwe okunomsoco ezitshalweni ezine-herbaceous

Ngendlela, ukubola kunomphumela ophikisana ne-zingotic, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamapheshana emathunjini, futhi kusiza ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-gout, ukuhluleka kwezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwesinye.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezilandelwayo zensimbi, ithusi kanye ne-manganese kwenza kube kulungele ukondleka kwezokwelapha kwezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia. Izintuli zisetshenziswa njenge-painkiller, ukuphulukisa amanxeba, i-emollient.

Emigodini yaseningizimu, imifino yemifino igcwele umhawu ukuze ihlale imusha isikhathi eside.

Ummbila uvunwa ukuze usetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, unosawoti, uthuliwe, ukha amanzi futhi womile, kanti ebusika bapheka amakhekhe baphinde bapheke abilayo abahlukahlukene. KuChuvashia, isobho elivela ephusheni "uSerde" liyisitya sendabuko sendabuko.

Ngakho-ke lapho ukhula izitshalo ezitshaliwe, ungayinaki zasendle.

Ababhali: L. Shashilova, umfuyi wePushkin, esifundeni saseLeningrad