Umvini kumele uhlupheke. Izihlahla

Ingxenye 1. Amagilebhisi azalwe ukuze anikeze ukungafi
Ingxenye 2. Izici zokunakekelwa kwesivini
Ingxenye 3. Umvini kumele uhlupheke. Izihlahla
Ingxenye 4 Ukuvikelwa kwamagilebhisi ezifweni zokukhunta
Ingxenye 5. Ukuvikelwa kwamagilebhisi ezinambuzaneni
Ingxenye 6. Ukusakazwa kwemifino yezithelo zomvini
Ingxenye 7. Ukusakazwa kwamagilebhisi ngokuxhunyelelwa
Ingxenye 8. Amaqembu nezinhlobo zamagilebhisi

Amagilebhisi angumvini ongapheli, okwazi ukwakha izivuno eziphakeme zekhwalithi ende isikhathi eside ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Njalo ngonyaka, izinhlobo zasendle zinganikeza ukukhula kwama-lianas kuze kufike kumamitha angama-40, ngaphandle kokutshala noma kwenziwe ngendlela engafanele, ukumelana nesithwathwa kwesihlahla kuyancipha, amajikijolo kanye namabhulashi kuyanqotshwa, futhi isivuno singeke sakheka nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla kuyindlela ebalulekile yezolimo futhi isivuno somvini nokuphepha kwaso iminyaka eminingi kusimo sokusebenza kuncike ekuqalisweni kwaso. "Ukuhlupheka okuhlelekile" kwemivini kuletha injabulo kubantu. AbaseFrance bathi - umvini kumele uhlupheke.

Iziqu zamagilebhisi esihlahleni esakhiwe.

Ukuze wakhe isihlahla ngendlela efanele, udinga ukuhlukanisa kahle phakathi kwamahlumela enza umsebenzi othile esihlahleni.

zisetshenzisiwe (ezimnyama, ezixosha amagxolo), ukugcina,
i-biennial (amagxolo aqukethe imibala koshokhole). Isilimo esizayo sibekelwe bona,
ihlobo (unyaka wamanje), okuluhlaza okhula kusuka kumashidi wesono amahlumela weminyaka emibili ubudala. Yibona abaphethe imishini esemqoka yamaqabunga, ama-inflorescence kanye namabhulashi.

Umvini wenza izinhlobo ezi-2 zamabhasi:

engenazinduku ngezinhlobonhlobo zemikhono, fan nesitsha. I-Sleeve - igatsha elitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, lihlala lisakha imivini ethelayo. Umlandeli isihlahla semikhono eminingana. Ingakhiwa nge-trellis noma ngesimo sesitsha ezigxotsheni. Ibanga elikhulu phakathi kwezihlahla likuvumela ukuba ukhule ezithela eziphakeme. Emhlabathini ominyene, imikhono emifushane yakhiwa ngezixhumanisi zezithelo ezimbalwa.

standard, ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-2 - i-shtamb kanye ne-cordon. Isitembu yifomu lapho kuphakama izingalo ngaphezu komhlabathi. Uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokwakha esifundeni eseningizimu. ICordon yifomu le-stlan yesiqu. Ilungele umzila ophakathi nendawo, njengoba ukusondela kwenhlabathi kwenza kube lula ukubeka izihlahla ebusika.

Amagilebhisi amahlumela amasha wezithelo zomvini. © Flying Leap

Isikhathi esinqunyelwe ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla kuya ngeminyaka yaso. Amabhishi amasha angangenanga izithelo (iminyaka eyi-1-3) athenwa entwasahlobo. Umvini osemusha ngaphandle kokubangela amanxeba awengeziwe ubhoboza kangcono. Ukuthenwa kwezihlahla ezinezithelo kwenziwa kangcono ekwindla. Ukuthena i-Autumn kutholakala kalula esivinini esamboziwe, esenziwa lapho zizalaniswa enkabeni yeRussia. Ngendlela evulekile yokukhula esifundeni eseningizimu, ukuthenwa kwekwindla kwenziwa ngemithamo emi-2. Amahlumela avuthiwe asikwa kuqala, okunciphisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukulimala kwesithwathwa sentwasahlobo kanye nokusabalala kwezifo zokukhunta kusuka emvinini ongavuthiwe. Futhi-ke ekwindla noma ebusika sekwephuzile, izihlahla eziphambili zokwenza izithelo kwenziwa.

Ake sibheke esihlokweni (ngamabomu) umgomo wokwakhiwa kwezihlahla zomvini ezingalingani futhi ezimile. Lezi zinhlobo zokubumbeka zilula futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo abaqalayo ngokuzilayisha nokuzilayisha komvini.

Ukuthena okwenziwe ngamagilebhisi. © Lord Cowell

Izinhlobo zokwakheka kwesihlahla samagilebhisi

Ukwakheka okungenampampu

Ngemuva kokutshala sekukhule isikhathi sokukhula konyaka wokuqala wokuphila, sicindezela amahlumela amancane bese sikhipha ababuthaka nabangakhuli kahle. Ngo-ekwindla, omncane ka-1-2, kwesinye isikhathi amahlumela ama-4 ahlala esihlahleni esisha. Simboza isisekelo sesihlahla eningizimu nomhlaba, emgqeni ophakathi siyaguqa phansi simboze ngokuphelele amahlumela.

Iminyaka engu-2 yasentwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwamehlo (izinso) senza ukuthenwa kokuqala. Sishiya amahlumela ama-2 athuthukiswe kahle (ongakwazi nokuningi) kuwo esizokwakha imikhono. Sika umvini ngamunye kuma-buds angama-2-4. Uma umvini unqunywe waba ama-4 efihlekile, khona-ke ama-2 aphuphuthekiswa (ngokuzithandela). Azidingeki. Kwama-2 okusalile ngesikhathi sokukhula, sakha amahlumela ama-2, amanye asuswe. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, nciza iziqongo zawo ukumisa ukukhula nokukwabiwa kabusha kwezakhi zomzimba ukuze uvuthwe. Ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, sisika ihlumela ngalinye kuze kube sezinkuni ezivuthiwe. Umsika omhlophe - izinkuni ezingavuthiwe, ihlumela lokudubula luhlaza. Ihlumela elivuthiwe linamaxolo asesifubeni akhanyayo nocezu oluhlaza. Amahlumela amboza noma avale ingxenye engezansi kuphela.

Entwasahlobo yonyaka wesi-3 kumvini obhalwe phansi, sishiya amaqabunga amabili abekwe eduze kwesisekelo. Amahlumela akhule kuwo azoba yimikhono. Sibopha imikhono kusekela ngokuqondile. Esandleni ngasinye sishiya amehlo ama-2. Iziqu ezakhiwe kubo ziboshwe ngokuqinile zibheka phezulu. Bakhonza ukwakha amayunithi ezithelo. Isixhumanisi ngasinye sezithelo siqukethe amahlumela ama-2, eliphansi kunawo wonke emkhombeni. Lo nyaka sishiya isixhumanisi esisodwa sezithelo. Sinquma okusele. Ekuxhumaniseni izithelo, nakho, ihlumela elingaphansi elibheke ngaphandle kwesihlahla kunqunywa kube ngama-2-4 efihlekile. Lokhu ukudubula okufakwa esikhundleni noma ifindo lokufakwa esikhundleni. Ihlumela elitholakala ngenhla linqunywe yi-6-8 (kungenzeka kuze kube ngaphezulu kwe-12-14) efihlekile kumabhasi anamandla. Lo ngumcibisholo othela izithelo, lapho kwakhiwa khona ama-inflorescence nezithelo zesikhathi esizayo. Imvamisa kusuka endaweni eyodwa yokukhula kukhula amahlumela ama-2-3. Sishiya eyodwa enamandla kakhulu, sikhipha bonke abanye. Ekupheleni konyaka wesi-3, isihlahla sizoba nezixhumanisi zezithelo, esinye esikhwameni ngasinye. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi esicalweni sokufakwa esikhundleni kukhona imivini engu-2 enamandla ekhule ngalesi sitshalo - isixhumanisi sezithelo esizayo. Sika umcibisholo ophethe ngokugcwele, bese sakha isixhumanisi esisha sezithelo kufindo lokufakwa esikhundleni salokho. Lo mgomo wokubumba izihlahla uphinda njalo ngonyaka.

Ngeminyaka engu-4 isihlahla samagilebhisi sibhekwa njengokwakheke ngokugcwele futhi manje sekufika isikhathi sokuthena unyaka nonyaka sokwenza izithelo ngokomthetho ongenhla. Inani lezixhumanisi zezithelo namehlo emcibisholo okhiqiza izithelo ungahluka minyaka yonke, okuyi (empeleni) ukulawulwa kokukhiqiza izihlahla. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-5-8, isihlahla samagilebhisi sidinga ukuvuselelwa, lapho sinqamula khona imikhono yakudala futhi sakhe ezintsha emaphepheni akhiwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma ekhanda (kwizithombo ezihlanganisiwe).

Isikimu sokubumbana okungenasisekelo sesihlahla samagilebhisi

Isisekelo sokuncipha esikhwameni, fan noma esitsheni ukwakheka kwemikhono ngezixhumanisi zezithelo. Umgomo wokwakheka kwesikhwama nesixhumanisi sezithelo kuchazwe ngenhla.

Ukunyathela

Ukwakheka kwesiqu sesihlahla samagilebhisi sisetshenziswa ezifundeni ngokutshala okuvulekile kwemivini yezinhlobo ezilwa nesithwathwa.

Sika isithombo esitshalwe entwasahlobo sibe yizi-2, okuthi ngesikhathi sokukhula sinikeze amahlumela amabili ebusika. Ngesikhathi ekwindla kokumba kwesiza, isisekelo sesihlahla namahlumela simbozwe ngumhlaba.

Entwasahlobo yonyaka wesi-2 usike amahlumela. Esiphezulu (esinamandla kakhulu) sezinso ezi-3 nesesibili (esigcina) seso-2. Sizokwakha ihlumela elinamandla ngokwengeziwe (libekwe phezulu phezulu kwesiqu) njengesilinganiso, kuthi owesibili asindiswe njengokugcina ekhanda lesihlahla. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, wonke amahlumela, ngaphandle kwalezo eziphambili, aphukile. Sibopha isiqu sento sibheke phezulu esikhonkwaneni ukuze singagobeki. Ngokuwa, kwi-standard standard sishiya amahlumela ama-2 ezingeni le-wire. Sizihlukanisa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene (sizakha amahlombe) bese sizibopha ngocingo. Ngezansi, wonke ama-buds, aqala entwasahlobo, aphuphuthekisiwe (isiqu kufanele sihlanzekile ngaphandle kwamahlumela). Nqwabelana ngaphezulu. Ngokuvuthwa kangcono kwemivini, cindezela amahlumela amakhulu ngo-Agasti. On ifindo (gcina uhlobo) lwamahlumela amabili, amahlumela aqhakaza phakathi nehlobo, esilihlabe ngamehlo ayi-3-5 ekwindla.

Ngonyaka wesithathu entwasahlobo, kwi-shoot-shoot 2 amahlumela amade asele ekwindla anqunywa ku-2 efihlekile. Sinquma yonke into ekhule ngaphezulu esiqwini futhi ngaphansi kwezimpumputhe ziphinde zivuse amehlo avukile. Amahlumela ancishiswe ama-2 buds, ahlukaniswe ezinhlangothini ekwindla, aboshwe ngocingo. Ingubo yangaphambili ingasuswa nengxenye yokuphunyuka. Lawa ngamahlombe nangemikhono. Kulezi, amahlumela ama-4 akhiwa ngesikhathi sokukhula. 2 ehlombe ngalinye. Ukudubula okuphansi kwesobunxele kufinyezwa futhi ngezinso ezi-2.

Esiqwini sokugcina sishiya ihlumela eli-1 eliseduzane nesisekelo sesihlahla esinamahlamvu amabili, bese kuthi lesibili lisuswe. Ngo-ekwindla, kulokhu kuthwebula kusuka ema-2 buds, amahlumela ama-2 azothuthukisa esiwunqamule: ongaphezulu ongaphansi ngo-2 efihlekile (ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni), bese owesibili e-5,6 efihlekile. Lo mcibisholo wezithelo osele. Ngokuvamile, kutholakala isixhumanisi sezithelo (okungukuthi i-spare).

Ngonyaka wesine entwasahlobo kwimikhono yesisekelo esiyinhloko esithelela kuyo isixhumanisi sezithelo. Sika ihlumela eduze kwesisekelo sesiqu kube ifindo elisele, sishiya ama-2 efihlekile ngamunye, bese sisondela phezulu emcibisholo wokuqhakaza izithelo, sishiya ama-izithelo ayi-5-6 noma ngaphezulu. Kungahle kube khona izixhumanisi eziningana ezinjalo esikhwameni. Kwakhiwa isivuno emcibisholo othela izithelo.

Isikimu sokubumba isitembu esihlahleni samagilebhisi

Yonke iminyaka elandelayo, senza ukuthena ngokomthetho wokuxhumeka kwezithelo, okuhlanganisa ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni kanye nemicibisholo ethela izithelo. Amahlumela amahle kakhulu avela amahlumela wezithelo atholakala phansi kweshiya sezithelo zonyaka odlule kusixhumanisi sezithelo. Izixhumanisi zezithelo zonyaka owedlule ziyasuswa. Ngemuva konyaka, sisusa ukuxhumana okukodwa kwesiqu ngemikhono. Yehlisa ukuphakama kwesihlahla. Lapho siphinda sakha isihlahla, sisusa isiteki esidala bese sisebenza ngethala lokugcina.

Ukulayisha i-bush bush

Ekutshaleni ingadi yasekhaya, akunangqondo ukusebenzisa izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi usebenzisa amafomula ukunquma umthwalo wesihlahla. Le ndlela ilungele amasimu amakhulu, futhi isetshenziswa ngochwepheshe. Ekusebenzeni kwe-viticulture yasekhaya kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa indlela yokuqhathanisa umthwalo womcibisholo wezithelo. Ezibalweni zethu, siqala eminyakeni emi-4, okuwunyaka wokuqala wokulayisha izihlahla. Ekhondweni ngalinye sishiya izixhumanisi zezithelo eziyi-1-2. Ekwindla sibheka isimo sesihlahla. Ama-internode amafushane anamabhulashi amancane asho ukuthi isihlahla sasigcwala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka olandelayo emcibisholo okhiqiza izithelo sishiya amehlo ayi-1-2 angaphansi kwalawo angaphambilini. Uma bekukhona ama-5-7, bese ushiya izinso ezi-5-6. Uma kuvela amahlumela amaningi amasha ekhanda lesihlahla ngesikhathi sokukhula, ikakhulukazi ezinhlwini ezinamafutha, ihlathi laligcwala phansi. Ngaphansi kwesilimo esizayo emcibisholo wokuqhakaza izithelo, khulisa inani lamehlo ngo-1-3. Okusho ukuthi, esikhundleni se-5-7, sishiya amehlo angama-7-9 noma sishiya ngokuphelele isixhumanisi esisodwa sezithelo.