I-Achilles Grass

Isiko lisebenzisa izinhlobo ezingama-30 zewarrow. Okuvame kakhulu kuzo yilezi: i-agariferous yarrow (Achillea ageratifolia) efinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, enamaqabunga amhlophe grey, ikhula njengesihlabathi emhlabathini ompofu, onamatye, kodwa omiswe kahle; ama-yarrow amahle (ama-Achillea nobilis) afinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, anamaqabunga aphindwe kabili-apende kanye nezimbali ezimhlophe qwa; yarrow meadowsweet (Achillea filipendulina), enza izihlahla ezinamandla ezinamakhompiyutha afinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama, neziqu eziqinile ezihlanganiswa namaqabunga empaphe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zinomqhele omkhulu wama-inflorescence amakhulu, amnyama kakhulu aqukethe izimbali eziphuzi ukusuka maphakathi nehlobo kuya ekwindla; lolu hlobo lutholakala ngokuxubile kwimingcele; yarrow ptarmika (Achillea ptarmica), noma utshani beququote, obunamaqabunga amancanyana e-lanceolate nezimbali ezimhlophe eziqothulwe eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescences axegayo, sekuyisikhathi eside kutshalwa; ifomu lokuhlobisa lilungele imingcele yokuxuba, ukubuyisa okuphambili kwalolu hlobo ukuthambekela kokukhula ngentshiseko ngobubanzi. Zonke lezi zinhlobo azikhumbuli ngokweqile: ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukumelana nesomiso, nokungakhethi emhlabathini, kubekezelela kalula ukufakelwa nokuhlukaniswa. Zingaba ngamaqembu akhulile futhi asemanzini, futhi kumasimu ahlanganisiwe, amafomu aphansi afanele ama-rockeries.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu emvelweni yarrow (Achillea vulgaris), imbiza yaphakade yomndeni i-Asteraceae enezinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo. Ikhula, yakha amathanga aqinile acwazimulayo aze afike ku-70 cm ukuphakama, ahlanganisa neziqu ezinde eziminyene zimbozwe ngamaqabunga. Kungenxa yokwakheka kwamaqabunga, njengokungathi kwehlukaniswe izinkulungwane zamasheya, lapho lesi sitshalo sibizwa ngokuthi yarrow. Futhi igama lakhe lesiLatini laqhamuka egameni leqhawe leMpi yaseTrojan, u-Achilles, kuye, ngokusho kwenganekwane, umeluleki wakhe uCharon wapholisa amanxeba ngalesi sitshalo. I-Yarrow ikhula ikakhulu esifundeni esishisayo seNyakatho Nenkabazwe, esatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eSiberia eseMpumalanga naseMpumalanga. Kutholakala emvelweni ema-meadows owomile, emaphethelweni ehlathi, emaphethelweni nasemaphethelweni emigwaqo.

Umbala wentyatyambo emjondolo uyahlukahluka kakhulu - kusuka kokumhlophe, njengasezinhlotsheni ezikhula zasendle, kuya obomvu, onsomi, okusajingijolo, obomvu ngokugqwala kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezitshaliwe. Njengamanje, ingadi ikakhulukazi, kukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezinemibala ekhanyayo yarrow.

I-Yarrow ithanda izindawo ezinelanga. Kusakaze ngembewu noma ngokuhlukaniswa kweshizi. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kobusika. Imbewu incane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ihlwanyelwa ngaphandle kokuhlwanyelwa noma ifafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba omncane. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amathathu noma amane amaqabunga, lesi sitshalo singadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo ngokuya ngephethini lama-25 x60 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, inhlabathi iyadedelwa, ukhula luyakhishwa bese izitshalo ziniselwa njengoba kudingeka. Eminyakeni yesibili nelandelayo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kwezimila ze-yarrow, izindlela zadedelwa kwathi i-ammonium nitrate yethulwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ekwindla, ama-roll-spacings nawo adedelwa nge-superphosphate (20-30 g / m2) nosawoti we-potassium (10-! 5g / m2) engeziwe. I-Yarrow blooms ngasekupheleni kukaJuni futhi iyaqhakaza kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti, futhi ezinye izindlela zinde. Uhlala endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.

I-Yarrow ivame ukuqoqwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lapho izakhiwo zalo ezinamakha zikhulunywa kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu hhayi ukususa isitshalo. Kwanele ukusika ingxenye engenhla, bese kuthi ngonyaka olandelayo ama-yarrow aqhume futhi. Gcina izinto ezingavuthiwe ezomisiwe emasakeni we-canvas noma esikhwameni sephepha endaweni epholile neyomile.

Njengokusetshenziswa okwenziwe ngemithi eluhlaza okwenziwe ngomuthi, izimbali noma iziqongo zengxenye enamaqabunga ezitshalo eziqhakazayo ezineziqu kuhlala kungasasebenzi ngaphezu kuka-15 cm. Emuthini wesimanje, amalungiselelo avela engxenyeni ye-aar asetshenziswa njenge-ejentiatic ye-ukopha yendawo - impumulo, amazinyo, kusuka kumanxeba amancane; ngokopha kwe-pulmonary ne-uterine, i-fibromyomas, izinqubo zokuvuvukala; ngezifo zamapheshana emathunjini - i-colitis, isilonda se-peptic; futhi kunconyelwe ukuvuvukala kwepheji lomchamo. I-Yarrow herb iyingxenye ye-gastric, umuthi wokudla kanye netiye; emithini yesintu, ijusi lalesi sitshalo lisetshenziselwa i-inhliziyo ye-arrhythmias (amaconsi angama-20-30 athathwe kanye namaconsi angama-20-25 wejusi ye-ruta) ewayinini lomvini).

I-Achillein alkaloid, uwoyela obalulekile, obabayo nama-tannins, ama-resin, ama-alkaloids, ama-asidi e-organic, i-inulin, amavithamini C no-K, i-carotene, i-voltile, usawoti wamaminerali aqukethe emaqabunga e-yarrow. Imbewu inamafutha angamafutha angama-21%. Amafomu e-yarrow anemibala egqamile aqukethe uwoyela obaluleke kakhulu kunezitshalo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe.

© Enrico Blasutto

Lonke uhla olungaphezulu komhlaba lwe-yarrow linephunga elimnandi le-tart, okubabayo, nokunambitheka okubabayo, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo siyingxenye yezinhlamvu ezibabayo notshwala.

Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe:

• L. Shilo, ukhetho lwezesayensi yezolimo, i-VNIISSOK