Abaxhasi bokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo we-organic ephephile nsuku zonke ngokwengeziwe. Phakathi kwalezi zokwelapha zemvelo ikhekhe lwesinaphi, ukusetshenziswa kwalo esivandeni kuthembisa ukwanda kokukhiqiza kuphela, kepha nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo ezilokazaneni nasezifo.
Incazelo yekhekhe yesinaphi nezakhiwo zayo
I-Sarepta lwesinaphi siyisilimo esibalulekile esitshalwa ngenxa ka-oyela onempilo, ongagcinanga nje ngokudla okunempilo, kodwa futhi nempahla ye-bactericidal. Inani elincane lamafutha abalulekile kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, ngakho-ke, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zesinaphi, lisetshenziswa njenge-siderate.
Amafutha yiwona asele embewu ngemuva kokucindezela uwoyela. Imbewu yesinaphi echobozekile necindezelwe inika isabelo sebhubesi elinamafutha acid, i-glycosides kanye namafutha abalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yazo, njengazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, ihlala ikhekhe. Umkhiqizo onamaprotheni, i-fiber kanye namaminerali ngokwesiko wake wasetshenziswa njengezengezo ekudleni kwemfuyo. Muva nje, ngokuthandwa okukhulayo kokulima okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo, abantu sebeqalile ukukhuluma ngokusetshenziswa kwekhekhe lesinaphi engadini nasezimbali zezimbali.
Izinga lekhekhe nokubaluleka kwalo ngokuqondile kuncike kwindlela yokukhiqiza uwoyela. Kwezolimo, kusetshenziswa kuphela umkhiqizo obandayo wokubanda wokucindezela obandayo, omiswe ngokucophelela bese unikezwa inqwaba yokuqina okuphelele.
Uma uwoyela ukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa amazinga okushisa aphakeme namakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti kapholi noma isidlo ngeke kulethe izinzuzo, kepha kungadala ukucindezelwa kwezikhala eziluhlaza.
Ukusetshenziswa kukhekhe lwesinaphi njengomkhiqizo we-phytosanitary
Umkhiqizo omusha wabalimi ubangele imibono exubekile. Abanye abakhiqizi bakhuluma nge-oyela njengekhambi lesimangaliso lokwandisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi. Kodwa ingabe izithembiso zokukhangisa zikufanele ukukholelwa?
Yiziphi izinkomba zangempela zokusebenzisa isidlo sesinaphi njengomanyolo? Ngabe ilusizo nini ngempela?
Amafutha ama-mustard uveze izakhiwo ze-bactericidal kanye ne-insecticidal. Ngemuva kokucindezela, ingxenye yamafutha igcinwa ezinhlayiyeni eziqinile. Lapho isisemhlabathini, ikhekhe lisiza ukucindezela ama-microflora we-pathogenic, kufaka phakathi amagciwane abeka phansi, isikhunta se-pathogenic sokulimala sekwephuzile kanye ne-fusariosis, okudala ukulimala okukhulu ekutshalweni kwamazambane notamatisi, upelepele obumnandi, ukhukhamba.
Izakhi zamafutha ezibalulekile zixosha izinambuzane:
- i-wireworm;
- nematode;
- anyanisi kanye nesanqante;
- i-gnawing scoop kanye nezibungu zayo.
Ngemuva kokuthi ikhekhe elichobozekile selingeniswe enhlabathini, i-wireworm iyafa noma ishiye indawo ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-8-9. Umenzeli wenza izibungu zezimpukane izinsuku ezimbalwa ngokushesha.
Umsebenzi we-phytosanitary ungenye yezizathu eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwe-oyela yesinaphi engadini, futhi ikakhulukazi emibhedeni engadini, lapho kunengozi enkulu yokuqongelela kwama-microflora we-pathogenic, isikhunta nezinambuzane zezinambuzane emhlabathini. Ngasikhathi sinye, ikhambi lemvelo alinawo umthelela olimazayo ezinambuzaneni ezizuzisayo, izitshalo ngokwazo, kanye ne-microflora yenhlabathi enenzuzo.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwesidlo se-lwesinaphi njengomanyolo
Ikhekhe le-mustard liyinsalela eqinile yesitshalo equkethe izinto eziningi ezilusizo. Kodwa-ke, ezitshalweni, zingaba usizo kuphela ngemuva kokuguqukela kwifomu yezimbiwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokubola noma ukushisa.
Ukuze wenze izigwaca zekhekhe, kuzothatha okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Okusho ukuthi, ama-30% we-phosphorus kanye ne-15% kasawoti we-potassium, okubandakanya umkhiqizo, esimweni esihle kakhulu uzothola izitshalo ezitshalwe ngonyaka olandelayo. Kule sizini, ukusetshenziswa kukhekhe lwesinaphi engadini kuzovumela:
- ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwenhlabathi ebunjiwe, nenhlabathi ethambile kanye nekhwalithi yayo;
- vikela ukuhwamuka komswakama ngemuva kokunisela lapho umkhiqizo ochotshoziwe usetshenziswa njenge-semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla emibhedeni yezimbali, ngaphansi kwezihlahla nezitshalo zasengadini;
- nciphisa ukutheleleka kwendawo ngama-microorganisms ayingozi nezinambuzane zenhlabathi.
Ungasifaka kanjani isicelo sekhekhe yesinaphi esizeni
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngokushesha insimu yokwenza ikhekhe inenani elincane lokudla, izindawo zayo eziphakemeyo kakhulu.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ikhekhe le-mustard ukuze uthole okuningi kulo? Ngesikhathi sokutshala nokutshala, ikhekhe liyangezwa:
- isipuni emgodini wamazambane, utamatisi, izithombo zamapele kanye ne-isitshalo seqanda;
- idlanzana lamamitha ngalinye lomsele we-anyanisi nogalikhi;
- kwi-spoon yamakhukhamba, i-zucchini kanye ne-squash;
- idlanzana eligcwele ngemitha ngayinye yezilimo zika-izaqathe, iparsley ne-celery, ama-beet kanye nezinye izitshalo zezimpande;
- uhhafu wesipuni umgodi ngamunye ngaphansi kwesihlahla sotshani.
Ikhekhe le-mustard lisetshenziselwa njengomanyolo kanye nomkhiqizo wezokuhlanzeka wemvelo wezinye izitshalo. Imithamo isukela ku-100 amagremu kuya kumakhilogremu ngemitha yesikwele ngasinye futhi kuya ngobukhona bezinkinga ezihambisana nezinambuzane nezifo.
Ukuze izingxenye zekhekhe ziqale ukusebenza, zaqala ukugcwala ngokushesha komkhiqizo uqobo, kufanele zifafazwe ngenhlabathi.
Ikhekhe le-oyela yesinaphi lihamba kahle neminye imikhiqizo yokuvikela isitshalo. Ngokuhlanganiswa nomlotha wezinkuni, umkhiqizo uzosekela izitshalo zezimpande, amazambane. NgeFitosporin, umkhiqizo wemvelo:
- ivikela izitshalo ekuqotheni kwezimpande;
- lungisa inhlabathi isivuno sonyaka olandelayo;
- kuzothuthukisa ukuphepha kwemifino nezimpande izitshalo ebusika.
I-oycake - umkhiqizo osebenza isikhathi eside owakhiwe ngokwemvelo awunakubangela imiphumela emibi, ngakho-ke i-overdose yayo ayinakwenzeka. Ukusetshenziswa kokucabanga kwaleli thuluzi, kanye nokugcinwa kobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokufaka umanyolo nokutshala, kuzoholela emiphumeleni oyifunayo.
