Ama-Chrysanthemums yizimbali zasengadini zobuhle obumangalisayo obujabulisa sonke ukuwa. Uhlobo lwazo oluningi luhluke kakhulu. AmaChrysanthemums angawomndeni wakwa-Asteraceae. Abafuyi bakwazile ukuletha izinhlobo ezingama-2000 zalezi zimbali ezinhle.
I-Chrysanthemum ibizwa ngokuthi imbali yegolide. Futhi lokhu akwenzeki ngengozi. Izwe eliyimbali enhle ngamazwe elanga eliphumayo - iChina neJapan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abamele zasendle ama-chrysanthemums ayephuzi ngombala ophuzi. Manje lezimbali zitshalwa yonke indawo. Banqoba izinhliziyo zabalimi abaningi. Izimbali ezinesizotha zihlobisa noma yikuphi okungaphakathi, kuzoba yisipho esihle seholide.
Ama-Chrysanthemums ayizo zombili izitshalo zonyaka nezingapheli, ezihlaselwe i-herbaceous nezihlahla. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, zingafinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-20-80. Ama-chrysanthemums amakhulu agqamile atshalwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Izinhlobo zezingadi ziqala ukuqhakaza kusuka maphakathi nehlobo, ziphele ekwindla sekwephuzile. Futhi, lezi zimbali zikhula njengezitshalo zasendlini.
Umbala wama-chrysanthemums uhlukile. Kukhona izimbali ezinombala omhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, we-lilac, wama-inflorescence wezitini. Ngokwakheka nosayizi, ama-chrysanthemums nawo ahlukile. Ububanzi bezimbali zezinhlobo ezincane buba malunga nama-1-2 cm. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zinama-inflorescence-basiketi anesilinganiso esingamasentimitha angama-20. I-inflorescences of chrysanthemums ingaba lula, i-terry, i-semi-double, i-pompon, i-pinnate, i-bristle, i-anemoid ngesimo.
Imithetho Yokunakekela iChrysanthemum
AmaChrysanthemums akhetha izindawo ezipholile. Ababekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphakeme. Kepha uma ulandela eminye imithetho, ingatshalwa ezindaweni ezisendaweni eyomile eyomile.
Izindawo ezisebenza ngesolar zibalungele. Ukuze amanzi angazami ezimpandeni, inhlabathi kumele ikhishwe kahle. Ungakhohlwa ukondla izitshalo njalo. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, bondliwa okungenani kathathu, kuguqulwa umanyolo wamaminerali nowokuphilayo. Ekuqaleni kokukhula, ukuze kukhule inqwaba eluhlaza, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen. Umquba wePhosphorus-potassium usetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, baba nomthelela ekuqhakazeni okuqinile kwama-chrysanthemums. Isitshalo sondliwa ngosuku ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula. Njengomanyolo, kufanele kusetshenziswe izixazululo ezikhethekile, okufanele zithululelwe ngaphansi kwempande. Umanyolo wokuqala ufakwa emavikini angama-6-8 ngemuva kokutshala. Njengomanyolo we-organic, ungasebenzisa imisele yenyoni noma i-mullein eshisiwe. Lapho ekwindla bemba abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi batusa ukwenza i-peat. Kususelwa ku-25-30 kg nge-1 imitha skwele. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inani eleqile lomanyolo lingalimaza isitshalo.
IChrysanthemum ithanda ukuthambisa ngokulinganisa. Lesi sitshalo siyaniselwa ngemuva kokuba ungqimba ophezulu womhlaba womile. Ezindaweni ezomile, izimbali zikhula zingcono kunasemanzimeni nasezindaweni ezinomthunzi.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza ama-chrysanthemums - imbewu, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla nokusikwa. Ngemuva kokuthola inzalo entsha ngembewu, ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezincane, igxilise kabili bese itshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngale ndlela, kungcono ukusabalalisa izinhlobo zezimbali ezincane.
Indlela yokusika ilungele zonke izinhlobo zama-chrysanthemums. Ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine izici ezihlukile zesitshalo somzali. Kungcono ukusika izingcezu ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Kulokhu, amahlumela amancane aphezulu afanelekile. Ummese obukhali wenza ukusikeka okubushelelezi. Ngokusebenzisa imbiza noma amabhokisi esihlabathi kanye nomquba womquba. Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-rooting lingama-12-16 degrees. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa ezitsheni ezinkulu, zinamathele phezulu kwesiqu ukuze amagatsha ezitshalo angcono. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ama-chrysanthemums atshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma afakwe ngqo ezimbizeni.
Indlela yendabuko yokusakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla yenziwa entwasahlobo, ihlukanisa ngokucophelela izingxenye zesihlahla ngamahlumela angama-2-3, ukuze kungalimali uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo.
Iminyaka emithathu isikhathi sokukhula esiphezulu sama-chrysanthemums endaweni eyodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho izimbali ziba zincane, isitshalo siqala ukulimala kaningi.
Ukuphina
Ngenxa yendlela yokuncina, ama-chrysanthemums amahle kakhulu asekhulile. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezinkulu ezinezimbali ziyachazwa, kusale ama-peduncle owodwa futhi kususa iziqu ezisele. Uma ususa amahlumela ngokweqile ngesikhathi, izimbali zizoba zikhudlwana.
Ama-chrysanthemums amancane anemibala akha izihlahla. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga angama-4-5, thinta ingaphezulu lehlumela ukuze kuvele amahlumela amasha esifubeni samaqabunga, kuphethe izimbali ezihlukile.
Isifo
Uma ama-chrysanthemums esesimweni somswakama ophezulu, angagula ngezifo zokukhunta - ukubola okungwevu, i-powdery hlobo, ukugqwala noma i-septoria. Uma ama-chrysanthemums egula, izimbali kufanele zincishwe ngokususa amaqabunga alimile. Ngemuva kwalokho, afafazwa nge fungicides. Kwezinye izimo, ama-chrysanthemums ahlushwa yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane - i-dwarfism, i-aspermia ne-mosaic. Awukwazi ukuqeda lezi zifo. Izimbali ezithintekayo ziyagaywa futhi zichithwe.
IChrysanthemum nayo ingahlaselwa ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Izitha zayo eziyinhloko ama-thrip, aphid, i-spider mite ebomvu. Ama-Nematode awabangeli monakalo omncane kulesi sitshalo. Zincela amajusi kusuka amahlumela, kunciphisa ukukhula kanye nokuqhakaza kwama-chrysanthemums. Lokhu kuholela ekufeni kwezitshalo. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticides e-systemic - isixazululo se-malathion noma i-decis.
AmaChrysanthemums akufanele akhule ngokungahleliwe. Ukusindisa izimbali, kuyadingeka ukubona izifo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.
