Abamele uhlobo lwe-Calendula (marigolds) bangamakhambi waminyaka yonke nongowomndeni ongowomndeni ka-Astrov. Indawo yokuhlala yabo yemvelo ikakhulukazi iMedithera, iNhlonhlo yase-Arabia, iNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-20, phakathi kwazo okukhona kuphela abantu abangu-2 esikweni leso. Futhi uhlobo lwe-calendula officinalis nalo linezakhiwo eziwusizo.
Lesi sitshalo esingenakusebenza esingasetshenziswa zombili emibhedeni yezimbali futhi sihlwanyelwe phakathi kwezitshalo zemifino nezithelo, ngoba sivikela izitshalo ezingomakhelwane ezimpandeni ezibolile. Izimbali zeMarigold ziheha izinambuzane, eziyizitha zemvelo zama-aphid.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo kuyahluka ngezinhlobo. Amabanga aphezulu - iningi calendula officinalis - ingafinyelela ku-70 cm, kepha futhi kukhona amafushane, ngokwesibonelo, I-Fiesta.
Amahlamvu alesi sitshalo alula, avamile, awokuphela, ayindilinga. Izimbali zingamabhasikidi anombala ophuzi noma owolintshi okhanyayo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinama-terry inflorescence ziyavezwa, ngokwesibonelo, UGeisha, IsiCalifornian, Isikhulu samaNdiya.
Njengoba sekushiwo, zinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zama-marigolds ezitshaliwe.
Insimu Calendula lolu hlobo aluvamisile ukukhula. Abamele bayo bamangele kakhulu, kuze kufike ku-30 cm. Izimbali ezinama-petals-izilimi ezinombala ophuzi ophuzi.
Calendula officinalis futhi nesitshalo sonyaka esingakhula ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha. Amahlumela akhe ambozwe phansi. Amahlamvu alula, ayindilinga. Izimbali ziwolintshi noma ziphuzi.
Yile nhlobo edume kakhulu futhi ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqambi bengadi. Izinhlobo eziningi zamasayizi ahlukahlukene nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimbali zazalwa kuwo. Izinhlobo ezidumile: Inhliziyo eluhlaza, Ijusi, Umsakazo, Meisterstuyuk, Patio, Kalubna.
Ukutshala kweCalendula nokunakekela endaweni evulekile
Ukutshala i-calendula kuqala ngokutshala imbewu, ngoba indlela yokuzala yokuphela kwendlela eyamukelekayo kulesi sitshalo. Kulula ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini maphakathi nentwasahlobo noma ekwindla ngo-Okthoba.
Entwasahlobo, isikhathi sokutshala sifika lapho umhlaba womile futhi uqalise ukubuna uma usulwe futhi uphonswa. Khetha indawo enelanga, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela azokwanda aqhakaze kahle.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi akubucayi i-calendula, kuhlala kahle kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi wegadi, kepha kuzonikeza ukuqhakaza okuhle kakhulu endaweni esemhlabeni ekhanyayo futhi evumayo.
Inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, isiza simbiwa nge-humus, okwenza kube yi-3 kg nge-skwele ngasinye, kanti namagremu angama-40 omanyolo we phosphorus-potassium nawo ayasetshenziswa. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukwenza le nqubo ekwindla, khona-ke entwasahlobo uzodinga kuphela ukwenza umanyolo we-nitrogen.
Imbewu isondele ekujuleni okungaba ngu-2 cm, cishe ngu-20-30 cm phakathi kwamakhophi. Phakathi kwemigqa gcina cishe isigamu semitha. Lapho amahlumela eqala ukukhuphuka, ayancipha. Abantu abahluliwe bangadluliselwa kwenye indawo.
Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo akudingi ukufaka amandla amakhulu. Ekushisweni kwezipikili, udinga ukunisela. Ngezikhathi ezithile zokhula inhlabathi, ukuqeda utshani bokhula, kepha njengoba izipikili zingumquba oluhlaza, zona zivimbela ukukhula kokhula.
I-pyrethrum futhi imele umndeni wakwa-Astro. Ngezincomo zokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile yalesi sitshalo ungathola kule ndatshana.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kweCalendula
Kanye ngenyanga, udinga ukwenza umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, kuphela uhhafu womthamo oboniswe kwiphakheji.
Ukuqoqwa kweMbewu yeCalendula
Lapho izithombo ziqhakaza, hlanza wonke ama-inflorescence angadalulwanga aqondile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuzovela ama-buds amaningi, futhi azoqhakaza isikhathi eside.
Sika ama-inflorescence angomiswa futhi imbewu eqoqwe kubo. Izimbali zomile zize ziqale ukusakazeka kalula.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ama-marigolds asakaza impova eningi, ngakho-ke akufanele aqoqwe kubantu abanesifuba somoya. Njengoba lesi kuyisitshalo saminyaka yonke, ekwindla izihlahla ziyasuswa bese imbumba yezimbali ibunjiwe.
Ukukhula Kwembewu KaCalendula
Uma ufuna ukufezekisa ukuqhakaza kwangaphambili kwama-marigolds, khona-ke kuqala ahlwanyelwa izithombo. Kungcono futhi ukuphendukela indlela yokutshala izithombo uma ufuna ukukhulisa uhlobo olunempilo.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, iyikhulise ngo-1-2 cm. Imbewu imbozwe ngengilazi futhi igcinwe ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okukhanyayo endaweni yokushisa esondele ku-19 ° C.
Amahlumela aqala ukuphuma kancane cishe isonto. Izithombo kufanele ziniselwe ngokulinganayo futhi zivundiswe ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu wamaminerali njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Lapho izithombo zizoba namaqabunga amaqabunga angempela, zizodinga ukudonswa ezimbizeni ezihlukile noma esitsheni esikhulu.
Ngokuvela kwamaqabunga ayi-6 zangempela ezitshalweni, izitshalo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, kudingeka uqale uqinise izithombo.
Lapho utshala i-calendula, qaphela ukuthi yize ihlwanyelwa phakathi kwezilimo zemifino ukuze izivikele, icindezela ukukhula kwama-radishes ne-basil, ngakho-ke musa ukuyitshala eduze kwalezi zitshalo.
Ukutshala izithombo enhlabathini kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo yokutshala - phakathi kwabantu bagcina ibanga elingaba ngu-30 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa ecishe ibe yingxenye yemitha.
Futhi, i-calendula isatshalaliswa kalula nge-self-seeding.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Phakathi kwezinkinga eziba khona lapho kukhula ama-marigolds, kuvame kakhulu ukwenziwa amabala amnyama futhi i-powdery isikhutha.
Uma izitshalo zakho zithinteka yilezi zifo, lapho-ke zidinga ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides, ngokwesibonelo, ingxube yeBordeaux.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, ukuhlaselwa kwe-calendula kuphela ama-aphid, ezinye izinambuzane ziyakugwema.
Kubukeka sengathi leli siko likhanga ama-aphid, futhi likhetha njengenhloso yalo. Kodwa izimbali ze-marigold ziheha izinambuzane ezinamaqabunga adla kuma-aphid. Kepha ngokuvamile, ukuze kuqedwe le pest, baphendukela kwisisombululo sensipho, bafafaza ngamanzi e-citrus, futhi basebenzise nama-insecticides.
Izakhiwo zokwelapha zeCalendula kanye ne-contraindication
I-Calendula officinalis inezinto eziningi ezisebenzayo futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwemithi. AmaMarigold anomthelela omuhle ekwelapheni amanxeba, ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala, kanye nokukhululeka kwama-spasms, futhi nawo abe nomthelela wokungabulala amagciwane.
I-Calendula isetshenziselwa izifo zohlelo lwezinzwa, izitho zangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo sisetshenziswa njenge-antibiotic.
Ukulungiselela okuvela esitshalweni kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Imithi yeCalendula inesimo se-decoction, tincture, isixazululo, ukugcotshwa kwamafutha, uwoyela.
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okubanzi, asikucebisi ukuthi uhlanganyele ekwelashweni ngokwakho. Hlala njalo uhlela ukusetshenziswa kwemithi nodokotela wakho bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuthola eminye imininingwane.
Lesi siko sisetshenziswa nasezimonyo. Kunconywe kakhulu ukuthi ungasebenzisi imishanguzo enenal calendula kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngomfutho ophansi, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nokuhlushwa yimizwa engalunganga.
Kodwa noma ngabe ungabekezeleli le mishanguzo, bonke kufanele bathinte udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
