I-Ascocenda (Ascocenda) - isitshalo sohlobo lwe-epiphytic hybrid lwendlu yomndeni i-Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae). I-Ascda isifushaniso segama elijwayelekile kwezokulima ngezimbali, zombili zezimboni nakwezokuzijabulisa.
Lolu hlobo lwe-orchid alwenzeki emvelweni, njengoba lwatholakala ngokuwela i-genera emibili - iVanda (Vanda) ne-Ascocentrum (Ascocentrum). Kuze kube manje, cishe izinhlobo eziyishumi zama-ascocentrums nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 ze-vandas ziyaziwa, cishe zonke ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa inzalo entsha ye-Ascocenta.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
I-Ascocende ithathwa njenge-orchid elula ukuyinakekela, okwesibili kuphela kuma-phalaenopsis akule nqubo. Ukukhuphuka kokuqala kwabhalwa eHawaii emuva ngo-1949. Kwakuyi-hybrid ye-Ascocentrum curvifolium (isisekelo esikhulu esiyisisekelo esisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa inzalo) kanye neVanda lamellata (i-vanda yama-philiphu ehlukahlukene yasePhilippine), eyayibizwa ngoPortia Doolittle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzalwa kwe-ascocendes entsha "kutholwe ngokuqinile" futhi namuhla cishe isigidi esingaba yisigidi sama-greks (ama-interspecific hybrids) aziwa ngokuthi ama-ascocendes futhi acishe abe yingxenye yamagremu ayi-genera ahlobene. Ngesikhathi sentuthuko, amajikijolo athuthukiswa ngenxa yokuzalaniswa nokukhethwa kwesiphambano. Sebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobonhlobo ze-ascocendes kuyaqhubeka, futhi njalo ngonyaka baba mathupha ngokwengeziwe futhi bahlukahlukene.
Njengoba ifumene kokhokho bayo imvelo yokukhula eyingqayizivele, isithasiselo sinesiqu esime mpo, ukukhula ngaso kuqhubeka impilo yonke yesitshalo. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqothulayo esiqwini abekwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo. Amaqabunga ambozwe ungqimba lwe-velamen, ekuvumela ukuthi uqongelele futhi ugcine umswakama kuwo, lapho isitshalo sikudonsa kusukela emoyeni. U-Ascocende wazuza imbobo yepuleti leqabunga kumaVandas. Amacembe amade we-Ascocenus abukeka kahle okugoqwe kancane eduze komthambo oyinhloko nokufiphalisa ekugcineni, akha ama-lobes amabili angalingani ayindilinga.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okwenzeka ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, abamele uhlobo luveza i-axillary racemose inflorescence eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, enezimbali eziyi-12-25. Ubukhulu obukhulu bezimbali ze-ascendant batholwa kusuka ku-vandas, futhi inani labo elikhulu le-ascocentrum. Izimbali ngobubanzi zifinyelela kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-8, futhi ngendlela elula zifana namapani. Iphalethi elinombala lalezi zihlahla zama-orchid alicebile kakhulu futhi litholakala esibukweni esifudumele. Izimbali zipendiwe ngemibala egqamile kusuka ophuzi no-orenji kuya kokusomi nokubomvu okumnyama.
Izitshalo ezibunjiwe zingaphonsa ama-peduncle afinyelela kwayi-6 ngonyaka. Zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali ezindaweni ezishisayo zomswakama ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane, ngokungafani nama-vandas amakhulu. Imvamisa, izimbali ze-Ascocenda zisetshenziselwa ukudala izingcezu zezimbali ezithengiswa ezitolo zezimbali.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya kwe-Ascocenda
I-Ascocenda idinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo unyaka wonke, ngoba ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula.
I-orchid iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yiliphi inani lokukhanya, ngakho-ke ingafakwa kumawindi asenyakatho nakulawo aseningizimu (udinga umthunzi ntambama). Isidingo esiyinhloko sokukhanyisa ukungabikho komehluko obukhali futhi okhulunywayo. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu nezinsuku ezimfishane, ukukhanya kwesitshalo nge-phytolamp kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokufika kukhanyiswe amahora angama-12. Amacembe aqoshwe futhi abomvu kabusha akhombisa ukukhanya “okweqisayo”, futhi amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama akhombisa ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
Umbuso wokushisa wokuqukethwe kwala ma-orchid uhlobene ngqo nobukhulu bokukhanya. Lapho ephakeme, izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu. Uhla lokulinganiselwa olulinganiswayo ngesikhathi sasemini luvela kuma-23 kuye kuma-27 degrees, ebusuku - lisuka ku-16 liye kuma-22 degrees. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele livunyelwe ukwehla ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-16.
Ukunisela Ascocendes noMswakama
Kungcono ukunisela i-Ascocene ngokucwiliswa. Imbiza enesitshalo noma i-orchid ngokwayo ibekwa esitsheni esigcwele amanzi imizuzu engama-30. Ukuvela kwezimpande kunganquma ukufakwa phansi kwawo. I-velamen emboza izimpande ithola umbala oluhlaza futhi inyibilika. Izimpande ezomile zinombala onsomi. Imvamisa yokunisela incike ekutheni i-orchid ikhule kanjani. Uma itshalwe endaweni engaphansi, khona-ke ukuthambisa kuyenziwa lapho yomile ngokuphelele. Uma i-ascendance ikhula ngohlelo lwamahhala lwezimpande, khona-ke ukuthambisa kwenziwa nangokubopha imibimbi. Kodwa noma kunjalo kunconyelwa "ukugeza" izitshalo ezinjalo nsuku zonke. Amanzi okunisela asetshenziselwa ukufudumala futhi ahlala kahle.
Njengawo wonke ama-orchid, i-Ascocene idinga umswakama ophezulu. Esikhathini sosuku, kufanele ifinyelele ku-70 iye ku-80%, ebusuku - cishe ama-60%. Ukugcina leli zinga lomswakama, kusetshenziswa izihlisi zasendlini, iziqukathi ezinamanzi, iziqobelo ezinobumba obunwebekile obumanzi noma amatshe ayigugu. Kunconywa njalo ukufafaza izitshalo. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi amanzi awahlali ku-axils yamaqabunga, ngoba ukubola kungaqala ukukhula. Awukwazi ukufafaza ngesikhathi sasemini, lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kungena isitshalo. Lokhu kungavusa ukushiswa kwamaqabunga, ezindaweni lapho amaconsi amanzi ethola khona.
Ukudlulisela kanye nomanyolo we-Ascocenda
Imvamisa, ama-ascocendes akhula kumabhodwe akhethekile, obhasikidi, emaflethini engilazi noma ngokuvamile anezimpande zamahhala. I-substrate imvamisa iqukethe amagxolo, asikwe abe yizicucu ezinkulu, amalahle wezingxenyana ezinkulu kanye ne-sphagnum moss.
Umanyolo ungasetshenziswa kuphela enzelwe ama-orchid. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokunisela, cishe kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Uma isitshalo kamuva sitshalwe kabusha, sibuthakathaka noma sinezimpande ezilimele, khona-ke ukugqoka okuphezulu akusenziwa.
Ukuvusa izimbali
Ukuze ukwenyuka kuqhume, kubalulekile ukunikeza umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa asemini nobusuku acishe abe ngama-2-3 degrees. Uma ngabe ezimweni ezinjalo isitshalo senqaba ukuqhakaza, umehluko uyakhushulwa uye kuma-degrees angama-5-7.
Unganciphisa amahora emini ngamahora ama-2 noma unciphise ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezi-2. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, udinga ukubheka isimo sesitshalo ukuze singalimazi, ngoba zonke lezi zindlela zingukucindezela kwesitshalo.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Ascocene Orchid
I-Ascocene ingasakazwa ngokuhlelwa, okwakha izitshalo zabantu abadala. Ungahlukanisa izingane kuphela uma enenombolo eyanele yezimpilo zokuzimela. Ngeshwa, i-ascendant kuyaqabukela yakha ukwakheka.
Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kwe-Ascocene, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa ngengxenye engenhla yesitshalo, enezimpande. Isiqu esihlala sivame ukwakheka izingane ngokushesha, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukuwohloka kokugcina kwesiqu kuthatha isikhathi esiningi. Kunezincomo ezithile zale ndlela yokuzalela:
- Ukusika kuthathwa kuphela ezitshalweni ezinempilo futhi eziqinile ezingenziwa buthaka ngenxa yokuqhakaza.
- Izimbumbulu kufanele zisikwe kuphela ngamadivayisi asetshenziswe kahle magciwane.
- Indawo yokusikwa ishiswa ngelangabi elikhanyayo noma ngaphezulu kwesishisi futhi kufafazwe nge-fungicide.
- Ama-cutways omisiwe izinsuku eziningana ngaphambi kokutshala.
- Isendlalelo siyadingeka sihlanzeke ngangokunokwenzeka ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-sphagnum moss entshontshiwe.
- Izilimo ezitshalwe ziniselwa okuncane kakhulu, zithambisa kancane i-substrate. Umswakama kufanele okungenani ube ngu-80%.
- Ama-cutways amancane angamiliselwa endaweni ephilayo ye-sphagnum, ezoqinisekisa inzalo, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezikhethekile zasendlini.
Inketho ethembeke kakhulu yokuzala kabusha ukwakhiwa kwezingane kuma-peduncle. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile amakhemikhali e-bud buds, ukwakheka kwengane evela kuyo kwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu. Ukuze wenze inqubo isebenze, susa i-flake ezingxenyeni ezisongelayo, bese usebenzisa ingxube yemililitha engu-50 ye-trans-cinnamic acid, ama-milligram angama-5 e-benzoaminopurine exutshwe ku-lanolin.
I-Ascocende, ngokunakekelwa okufanele futhi okungeyona inkimbinkimbi ngokuphelele, ingajabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okuningana futhi okuningi isikhathi eside.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Kulezi zifo, i-ascende ivame ukuthinteka ngokubola okuhlukahlukene, ngenxa yokunisela okungafanele nokuqina kwamanzi. Kulokhu izinambuzane, izinambuzane kanye nesicabucabu zilanda kakhulu "uthando" olukhuphukayo.
