I-Tillandsia - exotic enomlingisi onzima

I-Tillandsia ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-exotic phakathi kwama-exotic. Lihle futhi lihehe, lobu ubuhle obungaphakathi ezindlini buhlala bubukeka buqobo futhi bunesibindi. Naphezu kokunakekelwa okunzima, i-tillandsia ihlala isinye sezitshalo ezidumile ezivela emndenini we-bromeliad. Phezu kokuqhakaza kwezimbali okumangalisayo nobuhle obuhle, bayaziqhenya ngokuhlukahluka okukhulu. Uhlobo lweTillandsia luhlanganisa izitshalo ezisejwayelekile kanye nama-epiphytes ngokuphelele ngokungafani nazo. Futhi noma kudinga umzamo omkhulu ukuphumelela ukukhula i-tillandsia, lobu buhle bufanele.

I-Tillandsia violet-flowered (Tillandsia ionantha). © Anne Elliott

Ama-exotic amabili angafani ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo

Kuhlobo lweTillandsia, amaqembu amabili wezitshalo ahlanganisiwe, awafani ngokubonakala kwawo nemvelo:

i-tillandsia ebunjiwe, noma eluhlaza okhula emhlabathini ojwayelekile, ikhiqiza irosette elihle lamaqabunga, asebenza njengendawo enhle yangemuva yama-inflorescences "prickly" amangalisayo;
i-epiphytic tillandsia, akuvamile, iyabukeka ngokweqile, isici esikhangayo kakhulu saso esingaqhakaza, kepha amahlamvu anethezekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-tillandsia ebunjiwe idume kakhulu, khona-ke ama-epiphytic atholakala kuphela kumaqoqo angasese abalimi abanolwazi, ngakho-ke awaziwa kakhulu ngabalandeli abaningi be-exotic yangaphakathi. Ihlukile hhayi ngaphandle kuphela, kepha futhi ekusebenziseni kanye nezimo ezidingekayo zokukhulisa isitshalo. Izazi zezimbali zivame ukuzihlukanisa ngesibonakaliso esilula - umbala wamahlamvu. I-epiphytic silver tillandsia yaziwa phakathi kwama-amateurs ngokuthi "grey", futhi abumbeke ngokubabazekayo - ngokuthi "green" tillandsia. Kepha akunzima ukudideka ngegama lesidlaliso, ngoba i-tillandsia enotshani ine-nzalo ezihlukahlukene ezinombala onsundu. Kulokhu, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukucacisa kahle uhlobo lokukhula - i-epiphytic noma ebunjiwe.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, iTillandsia ibalwa kahle njengabakwa-exotic, futhi ama-exotic ayabukeka. Ngokwesimo, lezi zitshalo zihlangana kuhlobo olulodwa namakhulu ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala ezindaweni zaseNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika. I-Tillandsia ingesinye sezakhi ezijanyelwe kakhulu zezitshalo ezihlala ziluhlaza herbaceous ne-epiphytic zomndeni wakwaBromeliaceae. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-400 ezahlukahluka ngokubukeka.

Atmospheric tillandsia. © jeeaanne

I-tillandsia ebunjiwe, eluhlaza, noma enotshani ifana namasiko ama-bromeliad ajwayelekile ngathi. Lawa ma-evergreens akha uhlelo lwezimpande olungenamandla kangako futhi akhulule irosette eliminyene, elisuka emaphethelweni amancanyana, omugqa noma omile, onamaqabunga amade anamathiphu akhombe. Njalo ngonyaka, ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-rosette enkulu yomama ithathelwa indawo ukukhula - ama-rosette ahambisana - futhi kancane kancane afe. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo siyazivuselela. I-rosette yamaqabunga iyamangaza futhi iminyene kangangokuba iphikisana nesizinda sohlobo olufana nalolo lwezimbangi zasendlini eziluhlaza. Ukusuka maphakathi nendawo okuphuma kuyo, lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza i-peduncle ene-inflorescence enkulu, isimo saso esifana nesikhuphasha esingafani nezinye. Imikhawulo egqamile, enemibala egqamile, enemigqa egqamile futhi "ebukhali", i-inflorescence-Ear ibonakala iqhubeka imigqa yamaqabunga. Ubuhle be-inflorescence bunikezwa ngamabhulashi afihle cishe izimbali ezinesizotha. Iphalethi lemibala lifaka amathoni we- "acrylic" ahlaba umxhwele kakhulu - opinki, onsomi, omhlophe, ophuzi, o-cyan, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, owolintshi nobandayo. Amabhulashi ahlala apendwe ngamathoni acwebezelayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-tillandsia ibukeka iyamangalisa.

Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-tillandsia eluhlaza:

I-Tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (I-Tillandsia cyanea) - eyaziwa kakhulu ngohlobo lwe-herbaceous, yakha irosette eyinqaba yamaqabunga ezinkozo, umbala wawo uhluka kusuka kwisisekelo esibomvu kuya kumapuleti ansundu. Kukhawulelwe ekuphakameni okungama-20-30 cm. Ehlobo, isipikili esithekile senziwe ngesigaxa esiminyene, esihlotshiswe ngobuhle okubonakala kungokwamabibi sikhula sisuka maphakathi nendawo okuphuma kuyo. Izimbali ziqhakaza kancane kancane, kungathi igagasi lisuka phezulu liye ezansi, lingene endlebeni. Amabhulashi anemibala e-lilac noma epinki, kanti nezimbali ezimfishane ezifushane ezinama-rhombic, ama-petals agobekile aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Tillandsia Linden (Tillandsia lindenii) - ifana ne-tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa ubuhle obuhle kakhulu. Isigaxa sizungezwe kakhudlwana, asithambile, futhi amabhulashi adwetshwe ngombala opinki noma obomvu kuphela. Izimbali zesitshalo nazo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaqabunga anotshani, kepha acinene, aqoqwe ngama-rosette axegayo.
Tillandsia Duer (Tillandsia dyayeza) - uhlobo olune-inflorescence olufana neqabunga eliphuzi lasentwasahlobo le-acacia. Isitshalo esihle futhi esihle kakhulu sakha ngendlela yohlu lwama rosette wamahlamvu atholakala ngolimi namahlamvu amade, njengokungathi asongwe ngesisekelo se-peduncle. I-peduncle emincane ithwala i-inflorescence evumayo enomugqa oqondile, ophindwe kabili, omise okwamaqabunga okhaloni noma obomvu.

I-Tillandsia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Tillandsia cyanea). © UJose Maria Escolano

I-Tillandsia lindenii (Tillandsia lindenii). © お花の写真集

I-Tillandsia Duer (Tillandsia dyayeza). © Stefano

I-Epiphytic tillandsia, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Skydheric noma i-airand tillandsia, iye yaziwa ngokudumile ngamahlamvu ayo. Akuyona ingxenye yezitshalo kuphela enhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi yenza yonke imisebenzi evame ukufakwa ezimpandeni: ngamaqabunga e-tillandsia, ama-epiphytes adla futhi amukele umswakama. Izimpande zisebenza kuphela ukunqunyelwa kugxolo, etsheni noma esihlahleni, empeleni azibonakali. Phakathi kwe-epiphytic tillandsia kukhona zombili izitshalo ezinesiqu esithuthukile nezinhlobo zezinhlaka. Ngaphandle, amaqabunga e-tillandsia asemkhathini abonakala exakile: ifilimu, mncane kakhulu, icishe ibe sobala embozwe isikali futhi, kanye namahlumela amancane afanayo, akha ubuhle obuhlukile bendwangu eluhlaza ngombala ophundwe ngesiliva.

Izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zethandsia yasemkhathini zifaka:

ITillandsia ayifihliwe (Tillandsia usneoides) - i-epiphyte tillandsia evame kakhulu, edume ngokuthi "Spanish moss" noma "intshebe yendoda endala." Ineziqu ezondile ezifinyelela kumamitha amaningana ngobude namaqabunga anjengentambo aze afike ku-5 cm ubude ngobubanzi be-0.1 cm, ahlelwe ngemigqa emibili. Ngenxa yesikali esikhanyayo esimboze amaqabunga namahlumela, okuluhlaza okotshani kubonakala kungwevu noma kube yisiliva. Le tillandsia ayinazimpande nhlobo. Futhi iyakhula, ilenga kusuka kumagxolo, amagatsha, amatshe njengekhasethi lomcako. Isici esimangazayo se-osseevidnogo Tillandsia - asikho isidingo sokuyilungisa kusekela, mane umane ulengise ukuze ikhule phansi. Lokhu ubuhle obunqabile bezintambo kubuye kuqhume, kudedela izimbali eziphuzi-eziluhlaza ehlobo.
UTillandsia unamathela ngaphandle (Tillandsia stricta) ifafaza imifino ekhanyayo ngombala ogcwele futhi ifane nebala lotshani. Le epiphyte yakha irosette eminyene yamaqabunga angunxantathu ambozwe izikali ezingwevu ezinobude obungafika ku-20 cm nobubanzi obungadluli ngaphezu kuka-1 cm. Imifushane emincane egobile egxotshwe umqhele nge-spike eminyene ye-inflorescence ngamabhulokhi a-oval a-watercolor-pink a-spirally ahlanganiswe kanye namagquma ama-blond noma a-lilac wezimbali ezingama-nondescript.
I-Tillandsia tricolor (I-Tillandsia tricolor) - i-epiphyte ehlangene enamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-grey, akha irosette elinephutha kakhulu. Ama-peduncle aqondile futhi amade kungaba ngesimo sesilayidi esilula noma ezindlebeni eziningana ahlukaniswa ngamabhuleki amade, abomvu ezansi kwama inflorescences, aphuzi phakathi nendawo nokuluhlaza okukhanyayo phezulu, afihla izimbali ezibubende.
Ngaphandle kokumangalisa noma okunama-hairy isiliva tillandsia (Tillandsia argentea) ngeke uze uqambe igama. Le epiphyte enamaqabunga amancanyana, anqabile amaqabunga akhula aze azungeze isisekelo, igobeke endaweni evulekile noma egobile ngendlela enomusa, uhlobo lweqembu elikhula kusukela kusisekelo sesiqu. Ukuxazulula isitshalo esiphilayo kulesi simangaliso, kunokuba okusanhlamvu okusomile, kunzima.
Umphumela ofanayo unawo tillandsia sitnikova (I-Tillandsia juncea) - i-epiphyte enomhlanga, amaqabunga amancanyana afana nezinkozo futhi aqoqwe emaphaketheni angafani, ahlangana enza irosette enomoya, kodwa enamathela kakhulu.
I-Tillandsia violet (Tillandsia ionantha) - i-epiphyte efana namakhorali akhethekile. Yakha ama-rosette amancane amaqabunga agobekile, anombala obomvu njengombala oluhlaza-kwesiliva, ngaphezulu lapho kuvela khona i-spike-blue-violet inflorescences. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amaqabunga aphezulu kuma-rosette aphenduka abomvu bese wona uqobo ebonakala njengengxenye yezimbali ezinhle kakhulu.
I-Tillandsia "Inhloko ye-Jellyfish" (Tillandsia caput-medusae) - i-epiphyte ebukeka ifana kakhulu nama-octopus, jellyfish noma squid. Amaqabunga avaleke ngokuqinile futhi akha uhlobo lwesisekelo sika-anyanisi, agobeka ngasohlangothini kuphela phezulu, enza izingqimba ezingemnandi ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okukhanyayo okusobala ukunamathela ezinkombeni ezihlukile. Umswakama uyakhula ku-anyanisi, ugeleza kahle kusuka kumakhasi eqabunga. Le epiphyte iyakwazi ukuqhakaza, ikhiqize uvalo olungavamile lwe- “spikelets” ezintathu noma ezinhlanu ezinamabhulokhi abomvu okusanhlamvu obomvana nezimbali ezinsomi-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emincane, ziqhathanisa kahle nazo.

I-Tillandsia usneoides (Tillandsia usneoides). © Maja Dumat

I-Tillandsia protruding (iTillandsia stricta). © claudinodebarba

I-Tillandsia tricolor (Tillandsia tricolor). © supple1957

Tillandsia ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

I-Potted tillandsia - ama-accents amahle asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezangaphakathi zanamuhla njengokuthinta okukhanyayo nama-accents wombala. Kulula ukuthi zikhule ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ama-terrariums, izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezingaphakathi endlini kanye nama-florariums, kepha ngokunakekela okuhle zikhula kahle emagumbini ajwayelekile. Lezi izitshalo ezinezithombe eziningi ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, kepha akunzima kakhulu ukuphinda zenze izimo.

Izinhlobo ze-Epiphytic kuzo zonke zincike kumswakama womoya kanye nekhwalithi yokugqoka ephezulu yefoliar. Njengoba zondla ngokuqondile ngamaqabunga, ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo akujwayelekile kakhulu futhi kuhlukile ezinqubweni ezijwayelekile - kusuka ekukhanyisweni okuvikelekile kuya kumswakama ophezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kucaciswa, zingatshalwa hhayi kuphela ngombukiso wezimbali, kepha futhi zangeniswa ezindlini, ikakhulukazi, ekwakhiweni kwamakamelo okugeza, lapho kuhlangana khona izimo ngokubaluleka okwengeziwe. Ama-aquarium amahle, ama-florarium, ama-vases engilazi, imibukiso yezimbali asiza ukusebenzisa lesi sitshalo noma kuphi. Amagxolo, izingcezu zokhuni noma amatshe lapho i-tillandsia ifakwe kuzo zibukeka zizinhle, futhi ngesitshalo esingajwayelekile zakha umhlobiso omangazayo, ukuziqhenya okungajwayelekile kokuqoqwa.

Ukukhanyisela iTillandsia

Amaqembu ngamanye e-tillandsia ahluka kakhulu hhayi kuphela ngaphandle, kodwa futhi ngokuya ngokuthandwa kokukhanyisa. Uma i-tillandsia ebunjiwe ingamasiko ayizithombe angenakubekezelela noma umthunzi olinganiselayo olukhanyayo, khona-ke lawo ma-epiphytic wona, kunalokho, abekezelela umthunzi.

Izinhlobo zezimbiza zinikela ngokukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, kepha zivikele elangeni eliqondile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Izinga elifanayo lokukhanyisa kufanele ligcinwe unyaka wonke, kunxephezela ukuncishiswa kwesizini kungaba ngokuhlela kabusha noma ngokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngenkani. I-tillandsia eyenziwe nge-Potandsia ithanda kakhulu imvelo kunokuba ukukhanya okufakwayo futhi izwa kahle kuma-windowsill aseningizimu, empumalanga nasentshonalanga.

I-Epiphytic tillandsia ayigcini ngokubekezelela umthunzi kuphela, kodwa futhi inothando olunomthunzi. Noma iyiphi i-penumbra kanye ne -thunzi ilungele bona, zingabekwa ngokuphephile ngisho nangaphakathi nendawo yangaphakathi kude namafasitela. Baphendula kangcono ekukhanyisweni kokufakelwa kunezinhlobo zezimbiza futhi bangakhula ekukhanyeni okwenziwe ngokuphelele.

I-Tillandsia silvery (Tillandsia argentea). © ama-brinydays

I-Tillandsia calyx (Tillandsia juncea). © ciaomo

I-Tillandsia violet-flowered (Tillandsia ionantha). © James Ho

Ukushisa okunethezekayo

Bonke abakwaTillandsia bathanda indawo ezinzile ekhulayo, abasabeli kahle uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezibukhali zokushisa komoya kanye naphansi. Lezi zitshalo kubhekwe kufanelekile ukuthi zingama-exotic athanda ukushisa: ukukhula okusebenzayo kakhulu kwe-tillandsia kuboniswa endaweni yokushisa yegumbi ezinzile engaphezulu kwama-degrees ayi-18. Ubuhle obumbelwe buthanda izinga lokushisa okungenani lama-degrees ayi-18, ukwehla kufike ku-16 degrees ukushisa kungazilimaza kakhulu izitshalo. Kepha ama-epiphytes aqine ngokwengeziwe, abekezela ukwehliswa kwezinkomba kwesikhashana kuya kuma-degree ayi-12.

Naphezu kwesimo sesitshalo esiluhlaza okotshani, iTillandsia izithandwa ezinhle zomoya kanye nomoya omusha. Ukunikeza umoya ophakade nsuku zonke kungenye “yezimfihlo” ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhulisa. Lawa ma-exotic akufanele athole kuphela umoya omusha, kodwa futhi ajabulele ukuhamba kwawo ngokukhululeka (ungadaluli izitshalo "emakhoneni", eduze kwezindonga noma izingilazi, ezimweni ezincanyana nezinye izitshalo). Kepha iqiniso lokuthi amaTillands awesabi okubhaliwe akusho ukuthi azobhekana nanoma yimiphi imimoya. Ngeke zikwazi ukubanda, futhi nokunye okusalungiswa eqhweni, kanye nezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokungenisa umoya endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni kungaphazamiseki. Kokubili i-tilandsia ebunjiwe kanye ne-epiphytic ingahanjiswa ngokuphephile emoyeni ohlanzekile ehlobo (isimo kuphela ukugcina izinga lokukhanya lingashintshiwe). Ngaphandle kothando lomswakama, udinga ukuzifaka obala ngokuvikelwa okugcwele emvuleni: izimvula ezibandayo zingaba yingozi ezitshalweni.

I-Tillandsia "iNhloko ye-jellyfish" (Tillandsia caput-medusae). © kevin jones

Ukunisela nomswakama

Ukunisela kwe-Classic kwenziwa kuphela nge-tillandsia ebunjiwe. Kuma-epiphytes, ukufafaza esikhundleni sawo, futhi ukubaluleka kwale nqubo kunzima kakhulu ukugqila ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, i-tillandsia enotshani idinga indlela ejwayelekile yezinqubo: inhlabathi yalezi zitshalo kufanele ihlale inomswakama omncane, kepha umswakama oqinile kanye nokomisa okuphelele kwekhweshine lobumba kufanele kugwenywe ngesikhathi esisebenzayo kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ehlobo. Ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo nokuqaphelisisa, kubhekwe njalo ngezinga lokoma kwe-substrate. Ebusika, ukuchelela akuvamile, okuvumela i-substrate ukuba yomile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kwenqubo ngayinye elandelayo. Kulula kakhulu ukulawula ukuthi irejimendi yokunisela ihamba kahle kulesi sitshalo: ngezimpawu zokuntuleka komswakama, kancane kancane i-tillandsia isonta amaqabunga, okubonisa isidingo sokunisela okuningana.

Ukunisela ngokwayo akuyona neze into ejwayelekile: ukuthulula amanzi kwi-substrate, ngokuqondene nezitshalo ezejwayelekile, akukufanele. I-Tillandsia iniselwa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo futhi inwebise wonke amaqabunga. Uma lesi sitshalo singenawo umswakama owanele bese amaqabunga egobela, lapho-ke esikhundleni senqubo evamile, kungcono ukufaka amandla udaka lobumba ngokufaka amabhodwe nesitshalo emanzini ngobusuku, bese uvumela umswakama ukhiphe ngokukhululeka.

Umswakama uyinkomba ebalulekile yalezi zitshalo. Kepha uma i-tillandsia ebunjiwe ingavuma ukwehla kwezinkomba iye kuma-60%, khona-ke okwe-epiphytic tillandsia, umswakama ongama-80% uthathwa njengowamukelekayo omncane. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi bathola isihloko sabo njengezitshalo zasemkhathini: ezimweni ezomile bavele bafe. Umswakama womoya ophakeme usekelwa kahle yinhlanganisela yama-humidifiers (noma ozakwabo abanobungcweti) ngokufafaza njalo. Ezitshalweni ze-epiphytic, imifino ihlanganiswa kahle ukuze ingene esikhundleni sokunisela (izinqubo zenziwa nsuku zonke, mhlawumbe ekuseni). Uma amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kwama-degrees 15-16, ukufafaza akufanele kwenziwe, njengaphakathi kwenkathi yezimbali. Kwi-tillandsia efafazwe, ngaphezu kokufafaza, sonke isitshalo sigcotshiswa emanzini ukuze sigcwaliswe ngomswakama (hhayi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesi-1 emavikini ama-2).

Amanzi we-ithandsia yanoma yiluphi uhlobo akhethwa ngokucophelela: kumele athambekele futhi afudumele (okungenani ama-degree afudumele angama-5 kunokushisa komoya kwizitshalo ezibunjiwe) kanye nokushisa komoya kwe-epiphytic).

ITillandsia isiliva ngaphakathi. © Tillandsias

Ama-Tillands Fertilizer

Lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele esingathandi ukugqoka okujwayelekile okuvela ezimpandeni: Umanyolo wawo wonke ama-tillandsia asetshenziswa kangcono yindlela yefoliar, ukufafaza emacembe. I-tillandsia Potted ingondliwa ngendlela ejwayelekile, kepha le ndlela ifaka ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka ngenxa yokunisela ngaphakathi esitolo. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi lingamaqabunga ezitshalo athatha kangcono umanyolo libonisa isidingo sokusebenzisa fafaza foraar.

Nge-tillandsia, kusetshenziswa umanyolo okhethekile wama-orchid noma kukamanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Umthamo kumele ushintshwe: inani lomanyolo lomenzi womenzi we-tillandsia obilisiwe lincishiswa ngesigamu, nange-epiphytic - amahlandla amane. Ukugqugquzela ukuqhakaza kwezitshalo ezimbizeni, isisusa sokukhula singasetshenziswa ngokufafaza ngesitshalo izinyanga eziyi-1-2.

Kokubili ama-epiphytic kanye ne-tillandsia ebilisiwe adliwa njalo emavikini amabili kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlobo (okwenziwa ngama-epiphytes, ukugqoka phezulu ebusika kungabulala, ngoba okubekiwe kuzobangela ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngonyaka olandelayo).

I-Tillandsia e-florarium.

Transplant, iziqukathi kanye substrate

Nge-tillandsia, iziqukathi kuphela ezinobubanzi bazo obudlula ukuphakama zilungile. Izitshalo zikhula ngokuqondile, ukukhula nokukhula kwendodakazi kuthatha indawo kamama kanye nokukhula kwenzeka ikakhulu ngobubanzi. Uhlelo lwezimpande e-tillandsia lunamandla, kepha alunamandla, futhi eziqukathi ezijulile lesi sitshalo singase sihlushwa ukweqile nokuphazamiseka kwezimo zikhululekile.

Isendlalelo salezi zitshalo sikhethwa phakathi kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi evulekile, ekhanyayo nge-coarse-fiber texture. Kwi-tillandsia, ingxube ekhethekile yenhlabathi yama-bromeliads noma ama-orchid ayilungile, kodwa futhi ungenza umhlabathi ngokwakho ngesisekelo sezingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi eqabulayo, i-humus ne-peat ngokungezwa kwe-sphagnum, izimpande ze-fern kanye namagxolo kaphayini.

Ukudluliselwa kwezinhlobo ze-epiphytic akwenzeki nhlobo (kuthengiswa kugxiliswe etsheni, emagxolo noma esihlahleni futhi kukhule ngesisekelo esifanayo ngaphandle koshintsho), futhi ezitshalweni ezifakwayo kwenziwa kuphela emva kwesibalo samabhasi sigcwalisa ngokuphelele isikhala samahhala (isitshalo sikhula ngobubanzi kuya ezindongeni zembiza , futhi izimpande zizoqala ukuphuma ukuphuma kwizimbobo zokudonsa kwamanzi). Esitsheni sinye, i-tillandsia ebilisiwe ingahlala iminyaka engama-2-3, ngesikhathi lapho kudingekile kuphela ukufaka indawo yangaphezulu kuphela ngonyaka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Uma kudingeka ukufakelwa, isitshalo sikhipha ngokucophelela, sibeka inhlabathi ngokucophelela, sizama ukungalimazi nezimpande ezincane kakhulu. I-Rhizome igcina kahle i-tillandsia ku-substrate evulekile, ngakho-ke udinga ukucubungula, uchoboze inhlabathi, unaka ukwenza i-rosette yamaqabunga izinza.

Izifo zeTillandsia nezinambuzane

Nge-tillandsia cishe azikho izinambuzane ezijwayelekile zasendlini ezesabekayo. Kepha bahlupheka kakhulu ngezinambuzane zesikali se-bromeliad, futhi izilonda ezingathi sína kungenzeka kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-tillandsia. Ungabhekana nalesi sinambuzane esithile ngokugeza izitshalo ngensipho nangamanzi nangokukhipha amabala emacembe, okuyinto engenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ezinhlotsheni ezintekenteke ze-epiphytic.

Izifo zisongela i-tillandsia nganoma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwezimo zokuboshwa. Ukulimala nokutheleleka kwegciwane okuhlukahlukene kuyingozi ikakhulukazi, okwanele ukulwa ne-fungicides: izitshalo kuzodingeka zisike izingxenye ezonakalisiwe.

Izinkinga ezikhulayo:

i-curl yamaqabunga ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa ngumzimba;
ukubola kwesisekelo sokuphuma lapho umanyolo ngamanzi wokunisela.

Ukuzalela iTillandsia

Izitshalo ze-Epiphytic zizala kuphela ngokuhlanzayo. Ukusuka ezihlahleni zomama abadala, ungasika amahlumela ngamaqabunga bese ubopha kwisisekelo esijwayelekile - amagxolo, igatsha noma amatshe. Ngomswakama womoya ongama-80%, amahlumela azoshesha alungele isisekelo esisha bese eqala ukukhula. Ungasika amagatsha wanoma yisiphi isayizi.

Izitshalo ezimboziwe zingatshalwa zombili ngendlela yembewu nangendlela enobungcweti.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-tillandsia yakha izitshalo ezincane eziningana unyaka nonyaka ukufaka irosette elahlekile, ungahlala uthola okusha, okwazi ukuhambisa izimbali, ukuhlukanisa nje ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Kuliqiniso, akufanele ugijimele ukuhlukana: ungahlukanisa kuphela lezo "zingane" ezinosayizi okungenani okungenani bokukhishwa kukamama. Izisekelo ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ngeke zivele ngokwazo. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokusakazeka kokusatshiswa kwentwasahlobo noma ihlobo.

Imbewu yezitshalo ikhula kahle, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile ku-substrate enezakhi futhi ngaphansi kwengilazi, zikhula ngokushesha ngokukhanya okukhanyayo. Kepha ukuhluma kwezithombo kudinga ukubekezela: ama-tillandsia amancane akhula kancane, futhi azothola amandla wokuqhakaza kuphela iminyaka eyi-10 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.