I-Autumn yisikhathi lapho ukuqhuma okukhanyayo kuqhakaza. Ama-petals alezi zimbali ezinhle anemibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu - omhlophe, obomvu, opinki, onsomi, ophuzi. Usayizi we-inflorescences uhluka kusuka kokuncane kakhulu kuya kokukhulu. Amabhasi nawo ahlukile, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo: ukusuka kwephansi ne-compact - kuya kide.
Imithetho yokutshala i-asters
I-Astra isitshalo esinezinzuzo eziningi futhi cishe asinamaphutha. Lezi zimbali azizinhle kuphela, kodwa futhi azithobeki. Wonke umuntu, ngisho nomlimi wokuqala we-amateur, angabakhulisa. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezilula zokukhulisa i-asters: izithombo nezithombo.
Indlela yesithombo yokutshala i-asters
Ukuze ukhule izithombo ezinhle, okokuqala udinga ukuthenga imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhlabathini. Kuhlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ungahlwanyela ezimbizeni ezincane, nasezingcishini ezincane ezakhiwe efasiteleni, futhi uma kukhona abamba ukushisa okukhulu, khona-ke imbewu yama-asters ingahlwanyelwa ngqo kuyo. Njengomhlabathi, ungathatha inhlabathi yonkana noma i-peat, ithengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Imbewu itshalwe enhlabathini ifinyelela kuhafu wesentimitha. Ngemuva kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ubathulule ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate yombala opinki ophuzi. Cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, kuvela amahlumela Kusukela kulo mzuzu, amabhodwe afakwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezincane ungasusa isicumba samafutha. Lapho kuvela iqabunga lokuqala langempela, udinga ukutshuza.
Uma amahlumela edala kakhulu, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokumba, izitshalo zingatshalwa ngokujulile - cishe emaqabunga. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7 dive, ungaqala ukondla izitshalo ezincane. Zondliwa kanye ngeviki ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi othengwe esitolo.
Izithombo ze-Astra zingatshalwa emhlabathini ekuqaleni - maphakathi noMeyi. Akunasidingo sokwesaba sezulu esibandayo, njengoba lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kalula ama-friji afinyelela ku-4 degrees. Ngokutshala, udinga ukukhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo, ezikhanyiswe kahle. Endaweni ekhethiwe, inhlabathi ngemuva kwemvula noma ukuthambisa akufanele ihlale inomswakama isikhathi eside kakhulu - ukumiswa kwamanzi kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwama-asters.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala i-asters lapho izilimo ezinjengotamatisi, amazambane, nezilimo ezishiywe ngakwesobunxele ngaphambili zazilinywe. Lezi zitshalo zivame ukuhlushwa ukutheleleka ngeFusarium, ngakho-ke ama-causative agents alesi sifo angahlala emhlabathini, kanti ama-asters nawo angagula.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo enhlabathini, umhlabathi ungafakwa umanyolo nge-humus noma umquba, umanyolo we-potassium-phosphorus (amagremu ama-60-80 we-superphosphate, amagremu ama-30- 40 we-potassium umanyolo kanye nama-gramu angama-40-60 we-nitrophosphate athathwa ngemitha ngayinye, ngaphezu kwalokho, yi-100- Amagremu ayi-150 omlotha wezinkuni, ungenza ufulawa we-dolomite. Kepha uma inhlabathi esephepheni lezimbali ingaphelelwanga ngokweqile futhi ingalinywanga kabi, khona-ke umanyolo ungashiywa.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, inhlabathi kufanele iniseliswe kahle, ikakhulukazi uma izithombo zithengwa emakethe. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-asters kusihlwa. Njengomthetho, amakhasi atshalwe kude nge-20-30 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Lapho kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-7 ngemuva kokutshala izihlahla enhlabathini, kunconywa ukuthi kungeniswe umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi enhlabathini. Lapho kudlula amasonto amathathu kuya amane, le nqubo ingaphindwa. Ngezinsuku ezomile, ama-aster adinga ukuniselwa, kepha hhayi kakhulu.
Indlela engenangqondo yokutshala i-asters
Indlela yesibili yokukhiqiza i-asters yisithombo. Ngale ndlela, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini. Yenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho nje umhlabathi ufudumala, futhi isimo sezulu sivumela.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza ukugqokwa okuncane ngesimo semifino enhlabathini, imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuyo, ifafazwe ngenhla ngensimbi yenhlabathi cishe ngo-1 cm ubukhulu futhi iniselwe. Uma isimo sezulu sesomile ngalolo suku, khona-ke bayakwazi ukucubungula nge-peat noma nge-mulch; esikhundleni salokho, ungamboza i-inoculation ngefilimu noma ngento ethile ekhethekile kuze kuvele amahlumela. Lapho kuvela amacembe ama-2 angempela amahlumela amasha, izitshalo zinqunywa, zishiya ibanga eli-12 kuya ku-15 cm phakathi kwazo.
I-Asters ingahlwanyelwa ekwindla. Ngale ndlela, imigodi engajulile yenziwa kusengaphambili enhlabathini, kuthi lapho kubanda futhi umhlabathi uqhume, bahlwanyela imbewu bayifafaze ngomhlaba. Njengomthetho, ama-asters, akhula kusuka ezinhlwanyelweni ezitshalwe ekwindla, awangeneki kalula ezifweni, ahlala isikhathi eside futhi aqine.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-asters zikhiqiza imbewu enhle. Ungaqoqa imbewu ezinhlotsheni ozithandayo uzitshale. Ukuze wenze lokhu, linda kuze kube yilapho wonke amacembe ephela, isikhungo se-inflorescence simnyama, futhi amafomu we-fluff maphakathi nawo. Sula la inflorescence bese usuka endaweni eyomile kuze kube yilapho womile ngokuphelele. Imbewu ye-asters ayigcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-1-2, ukuhluma kwabo kuyamiswa. Ngakho-ke ukuze ukutshala kungcono ukuthatha imbewu emisha.
