UTamarix ungunogada othembekile

Ukuhamba uhamba ezindaweni eziwugwadule zaseCentral Asia, ngokuqinisekile uzokunaka izihlahla eziyingqayizivele ezinamagatsha angajwayelekile. Ngokungajwayelekile umbala wabo. Cishe zonke izitshalo zinamagatsha ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene: ukusuka kumaroon nokubomvu okugqamile kuya kogrey okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo. Igama elivame kakhulu nelingokwesayensi le-tamarix livela egameni loMfula iTamariz, ogeleza ePyrenees kude neCentral Asia (manje lo mfula ubizwa ngeTimbra). Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ingatholakala eYurophu nase-Asia.

ITamarix, noma iTamarisk, noma iGrebenschik (Tamarix) - uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwaTamarisk (Tamaricaceae), izihlahla ezincane nezihlahla. Uhlobo lwezinhlobo zalo mndeni. Ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, lesi sitshalo siyaziwa nangamagama esihlahla sikaNkulunkulu, ikamoya nobuhlalu, esifundeni sase-Astrakhan siyisidakamizwa kanye ne-Astrakhan lilac, e-Asia Ephakathi siyi-jengil.

Ikamu lihle kakhulu, noma iComb ilincane. © Meneerke bloem

I-Tamarix isitshalo sokukhuthazela esingandile. Izinhlobo zayo ezindala kwesinye isikhathi zifinyelela kumamitha ayisishiyagalombili ogwadule, futhi ububanzi besiqu sawo buyimitha eyodwa. Imvamisa kuba yisihlahla esinamagatsha anamacembe amancanyana aqobayo kanye nomqhele ovulekile.

Amaqabunga e-tamarix anezimo ezahlukahlukene, kepha mancane kakhulu, ngokuvamile angaphansi kwesentimitha. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zamaqabunga ngobukhulu nangesimo sibonisa hhayi kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, kepha nasezitshalweni ezifanayo. Uma amaqabunga amakhudlwana ezingxenyeni ezingezansi neziphakathi ihlumela, khona-ke kuya lapho kufinyelela encanyana kuba yincanyana bese, ekugcineni, kuthatha izinhlobo zamashubhu amancane ahlelwe ngokuluhlaza. Umbala wamaqabunga e-tamarix mhlambe uluhlaza okotshani, bese uphuzi ngokuhlaza okotshani, noma ngombala ogqamile, kanti kwezinye izinhlobo ushintsha unyaka wonke: uluhlaza okotshani we-emerald entwasahlobo bese kuthi ehlobo, ngenxa yamakristalu amancane kasawoti avele emacembe, abe mpunga noma abe mhlophe.

I-tamarix engajwayelekile futhi egelezayo. Kwenzeka kanye noma kaningana ngonyaka: entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Kwezinye izitshalo, ama-inflorescence anezinhlobo zamabhulashi alula angamuva, kwezinye zinamaphiko akhiwa emaphethelweni amagatsha akhulayo. Ukushintshashintsha ngokulingana nosayizi wamabhulashi wezimbali (kusuka kumasentimitha 2 kuya ku-14 ubude), ukwakheka kanye nombala. Amaqabunga ezimbali nokwakheka kwezimbali, kanye nezitho ezakha zona, kuhluke kakhulu ku-tamarix. Kubukeka sengathi konke ukuphambuka okungenzeka okuvela kusimo esisodwa noma kwesinye sezihlahla kuqoqwe kungazelelwe kusitshalo esisodwa.

Ikamu ligxanyiwe, noma ikamu linamahlamvu amaningi. © Sten Porse

Vele, lokhu akuyona ingozi. Izinhlobo ze-tamarix zikhiqizeke kalula komunye nomunye, yingakho zakha izinhlobo eziningi zokuguquguquka. Isibonelo, eCentral Asia, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-25 ze-tamarix kuphela ezichaziwe, futhi izinhlobo okunzima ukuzicabangela. Akuyona indima encane edlalwa lapha yizimo ezinzima zogwadule, ezidinga ukuzivumelanisa nezitshalo okuphezulu. Amacembe amancanyana, kanye namahlumela amnyama we-emerald, nawo afeza ngokwengxenye imisebenzi yamaqabunga, afakazela ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okumangalisayo kwetamarix ezimweni zasogwadule. Yonke into ekuyo ibonakala ihloselwe ukuhwamuka okuncane kakhulu komswakama kanye nokulawulwa okuhle kwamandla wamandla elanga.

Ochwepheshe abafunde i-tamarix isikhathi eside bazi ukuthi izimpande zayo zivame zinde kakhulu, njengeziqu zemivini eshisayo, eyaziwa njengezitebhisi zenkawu. Amagatsha aqine ngokuqinile, akha amanethiwekhi ezimpande angajwayelekile futhi asabalalisa amashumi amamitha azungeze isitshalo esihlabathini esikhululekile kanye namatshe abanzi emifula. Ukucinga umswakama, zivame ukushesha amamitha ambalwa ukujula noma ukukhasa, njengewebhusayithi ewugqinsi, phezulu kanye ebusweni.

Kepha mhlawumbe impahla ephawuleka kakhulu ye-tamarix amandla ayo angajwayelekile. Ezinye izitshalo ezingcwatshwe ngaphansi kwengqimba yesihlabathi noma yesilika ziyafa ngokushesha. UTamarix uziphatha ngokuhlukile. Noma ingaphansi kwesihlabathi esingamamitha amade, amagatsha awo akha izimpande ezintsha emaphethelweni, abuyisele masinyane ingxenye esemhlabathini yesembozo. Isihlahla noma isihlahla esisanda kukhula ngokushesha siba isithiyo esithembekile sokushukumisa izihlabathi. Ama-sandless angenasisekelo aqala ukuhlasela i-tamarix futhi, futhi akusekho lokho okuthatha ngempumelelo ukuzivikela futhi, ekugcineni, kuphuma onqobayo emzabalazweni. Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindwayo kwalezi zimo kuvame ukuholela ekwakhekeni kwezindunduma (amakhoseli) afinyelela kumamitha angama-20-30 ukuphakama. Ukulwa kuvame ukuphela ngokuthi lezi zigodi, ezifakwe kahle izimpande, zigcwele ngokuphelele i-tamarix.

I-Tamarisk engenamvubelo, noma iLeaflet. © Bidgee

I-tamer eneshumi elineqhwa ayinakulwa ngendlela ehlukile - ngokuveza izimpande zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezincane noma izihlahla ezinkulu zeTamarix, lapho zigezwa futhi ziwa emanzini, zikhula kahle phakathi nohambo phezu kwamanzi izinsuku eziningi, kwesinye isikhathi ezingaphezu kwenyanga. Ukubambelela ogwini noma i-agtle endeging, abahambi ngokuzithandela banamathisela izimpande zabo enhlabathini futhi bakhule ngempumelelo endaweni entsha iminyaka eminingi. Ngendlela, ukubonwa kososayensi kusungule ukuthi i-tamarix ngesikhathi sokubhukuda ayikhulisi nje kuphela, kepha futhi isinda isisindo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi akahlali ngesikebhe kuphela, kodwa futhi usebenzisa izindlela zamanzi ukusabalalisa imbewu yakhe. Noma kunjalo, imbewu yayo ihlala kahle futhi idlula emoyeni, ikhula kuma-fluffs akhethekile - ama-parachutes. Izimpawu ezinjalo zakhiwa kakade ngosuku lwe-12-14 ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, futhi emva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-4-5 imbewu ngosizo lwazo sezivele zasakazeka amakhilomitha amaningi.

Imvamisa ukusakazwa kwembewu amabanga amade kushukunyiswa izinyoni nezilwane, kuya emzimbeni wayo okunamathiselwe yizihlahla zazo.

I-Tamarix, njenge-saxaul, imvamisa yakha amathikithi amakhulu ehlathi. Ikakhulu ngobudlova bakhula ezigodini zemifula. Ebusika, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, amahlathi e-tamarix abonakala eqabile, kanti ehlobo awumbala omningi. Igama lendawo la mahlathi yi-tugai. ITamarix isakazekele eziqhingini eziluhlaza phakathi kokuncipha kogwadule olunesihlabathi kanye nemifula eseduze, isebenza njengephayona futhi njengonogada othembekile ohlaza okotshani. I-Tamarix ivikela kahle ekuguguleni kwamachibi emifula, kanye naphezu komfula wabo - kusuka ekuqunjweni. Ogwadule, uvimba indlela yesihlabathi eshukumisayo noma, ebambe inhlabathi ndawonye, ayivikele ekuguguleni kwamanzi.

E-Asia Ephakathi, ngeke waziswe ngentshiseko kulesi sitshalo sezimangaliso kuphela, kodwa nokuthi sisebenza kanjani. I-Tamarix firewood ingaphansi ngenani le-calorific ku-saxaul, kepha inepropathi engandile - ishisa kahle isha. Lesi ngesinye sezibusiso ezimbalwa kakhulu ezinikezwe yimvelo ezweni eliwugwadule olunzima; sekuyisikhathi eside salwazisa kakhulu yizizwe ezingabazekayo nabahambi kwezohwebo. Kungabongwa kuphela kusonga le-tamarix yokonga. Kumakhaza, vele, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-tamarix ogwadule. Ukusuka ku-tamarix firewood, namalahle nawo ayashiswa, amagatsha awugqinsi kanye neziqu zawo kuya kwizidingo ezahlukahlukene zasekhaya. Amahlumela amancanyana ayindwangu enhle kakhulu yokwehlukahluka, ngesinye isikhathi ukusoka okuhle kakhulu nokuqinile. Benza obhasikidi amahle agqamile, ifenisha yezwe elikhanyayo nezinye izinto eziningi ezinhle. AmaTurkmens ahlala eMfuleni iMurghab aluka ngisho nokudoba ukubanjwa okuvela ezindongeni ze-tamarix.

Abalimi bezinyosi beTamarix nabaseCentral Asia bayahlonipha. Ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kunikezela ngamaphrotheni asezingeni eliphakeme - impova yokondla izingane zezinyosi. Ukuqhakaza kwehlobo kunikeza izinyosi iqoqo elicebile futhi elihlala isikhathi eside lompe omnandi. Kodwa-ke, i-tamarix ihlanganyela amaswidi hhayi ngezinyosi kuphela, kodwa nabantu. Abantu bendawo basebenzise isiphuzo isikhathi eside njengoshukela, ujusi, okuthi ehlobo buhlanganise ngokuphelele amagxolo ezinhlobo ezithile ze-tamarix. Lokhu kukhethwa kwama-scabs ahlala ku-tamarix. Kuyomile, baphenduka okusanhlamvu okumhlophe, umoya uthwala amabanga amade. Enye yezinhlobo ze-tamarix ibizwa ngokuthi i-mann. By the way, umsuka wenganekwane edumile yasebhayibhelini yemana evela ezulwini ixhunyiwe nalesi croup, esiphethwe yimimoya. Kuyavela ukuthi okungekokwaphezulu, kodwa kokuvela kwetamarix kwakumhlophe futhi imana imnandi. Njengoba ivuswe yimimoya emincane, manje seyikwazi ukuwa njengemvula. EPhalamende laseSinayi, ukuqoqa "isipho sasezulwini" kusuka kuma-semolina tamarixes asendle kusenziwa.

E-Asia Ephakathi, futhi eminyakeni yamuva e-Ukraine, i-Kuban, i-tamarix isetshenziselwa ukubuka amadolobha namadolobhana. Idonsela ukubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile, amahlamvu amahle obucayi, izimbali zoqobo, ukuzithoba. Abalimi be-Amateur batshala i-tamarix ngisho nasemakamelweni.

ITamarix kudala yaziwa kosomatilosi kanye nabanye abantu abafunde izinto ezinzima zolwandle. Bayibiza ngokuthi umuthi onenkani. Ekubhekeni phansi kolwandle lolwandle, lapho kungekho esinye isihlahla esingama khona ngisho nenkathi yesizini, i-tamarix ikhula ngokudabukisayo impilo yakhe yonke, ibekezelela ukuhlaselwa kwamagagasi okushisa nokushisa kwehlobo.

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