Kungani amazambane engaqhume?

Uma isimo sezulu sifudumele futhi inhlabathi ifudumele ngaphansi kwelanga kuya ku-8-10 ° C, kuvela izithombo zokuqala zamazambane emasimini cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12. Kodwa-ke, emithonjeni evikelekile, lapho uMeyi ephethwe ukushoda kwezinsuku ezinelanga, futhi ikholomu le-thermometer yasemkhathini ayikhuphuki ngaphezulu kwe-+20 ... +22 C °, amahlumela esikhathi adinga okuthe xaxa ukudabula ungqimba lomhlaba futhi ajabulise abahlali behlobo ngokukhula kwabo. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, avele ebusweni hhayi ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-20-25.

Qiniseka ukubuza abalimi abanolwazi noma ongoti bezolimo ukuthi zingaki amazambane avela emva kokutshala ngqo endaweni yesimo sezulu lapho uhlala khona futhi utshale nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezilungiselelwe. Isibonelo, kwizifunda zaseningizimu, ukuqalwa kwesigaba sokuqala (ukuqhamuka kwezithombo) ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20 ezimweni eziningi kungukuphambuka esijwayelekile, kodwa ezifundeni ezisenyakatho le sikhathi samukeleka impela.

Kepha, ngeshwa, kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi yonke imihla inqunyelwe, futhi engadini yomugqa oluhlaza akusekho no no. Ngokuzithandela, ukukhathazeka nemibuzo ehlobene nayo kuphakama. Kungani amazambane engaqhume? Yini emvimbela ekutholeni amandla? Okufanele ukwenze: linda amahlumela noma uphinde uphinde utshale?

Izizathu zokuthi kungani izithombo zamazambane zingaveli

1. Izimo zesimo sezulu

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshaliwe, kanye nezitshalo ezikhulile, 'ziyasaba' vagaries bemvelo. Izinsongo ezilandelayo zibeka usongo olukhulu ekutshaleni impahla:

Isithwathwa Ngokuwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, izicubu ze-tuber ziyafa. Izinso namahlumela aqinile nawo ashiswa amakhaza: ngaphandle kwe- “pantry of virant” asheshe afe noma acishe akhule kancane ukukhula (ngomonakalo othile).
Umswakama ophezulu womhlabathi. Izulu eliningi ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuqala sesikhathi sokukhula kuholela ekuboshweni kokutshala izinto.
Isomiso Ngaphandle komswakama, ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela esitshalweni sezimpande kuvinjelwe noma kumisiwe ngokuphelele. (Noma ngenombolo edingekayo yezakhamzimba ezincane nezincane!)

2. Izifo nezinambuzane

Kuphela amazambane atshaliwe kuphela umucu omnandi wezinambuzane uvuka ngemuva kokulimala emhlabathini. Phakathi kweMalware edume kakhulu:

Bear noma iklabishi.
Kwangathi ibhungane ibhungane (umsele).
I-Wireworm (izibungu).

Zibukhali ikakhulukazi: zihamba ezinyakazweni zesifo, zigaye amahlumela. Bahlala kakhulu kusayithi, bangabhubhisa kuze kufike ku-80-100% wezilimo eziyizigaxa zembewu.

Izifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta zivimba ukuvela kwezithombo:

ukulinyazwa sekwephuzile;
i-rhizoctonia (ibala elimnyama);
ukubona okumpunga
umdlavuza wamazambane
bola owomile, njll.

3. Ukugcina imbewu okungalungile

Ukulungiselela okunganele noma okungalungile kwezilimo eziyizigaxa zokutshala kunciphisa amaphesenti wokuhluma kwazo ngo-50-100%. Ukuze ugweme umphumela onjalo ongemuhle ngokweqile, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele:

gcina ama-tubers epulasitiki (polyethylene, polypropylene);
ungazihlanganisi ngaphambi kokutshala (ungakhethi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezilimele nezinegciwane);
ungaqhume;
lungiselela ukutshala ama-tubers amancane (ngaphansi kwama-15-20 g);
phatha nge-fungicides / insecticides nezivuseleli zokukhula, ukhuphula izinga lokusetshenziswa;
Sebenzisa izinhlobo zamazambane ezingahambelani kahle nezimo zezulu zesifunda.

Uma kunesidingo sokuthenga imbewu yamazambane, akunakufuneka uhambe uye esitolo noma esitolo esidayisa ukudla. Ama-Tubers ahloselwe ukusetshenziswa njengomthetho aphathwa ngesisombululo esikhethekile samakhemikhali ukuze agcine isethulo sawo kanye namahlumela amade.

Ungakufeza kanjani ukuhluma okuphezulu kwamazambane?

Hlunga amazambane: Lahla izigaxa ezinesifo futhi ezilimele (zishayiwe, zisikwe).
Faka imbewu emabhokisini angajulile (kahle ungqimba olulodwa). Bese uwabeka amasonto angama-2,5 ukuya ku-2,5 egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya okungenani lingu-15 ° C.
Kuyo yonke isigaba se-vernalization (germination), fafaza nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku ezingama-6-7.
Cabanga ngesimo sezulu lapho ukhetha usuku lokutshala amazambane.

Abalimi abanolwazi bancomela inqubo yokutshala amasimu ukugxila kumthethonqubo "wezikhulu ezintathu", noma kwizimpawu ezintathu: 10 ° C - lokushisa kwenhlabathi; 10 cm - ukujula komgodi wokufika; Izinsuku eziyi-10 - isikhathi sokuvela kwamahlumela. Ngokusho kwabo, le yindlela engcono kakhulu yokususa umbuzo okhathazayo "kungani amazambane engaqhume?"