Umndeni wakwa-Iris uyakwazi ukumangaza ngokuhlukahluka kwawo. I-assortment ye- "whales killer" ayikhawulwanga kuphela kwizintandokazi zabo ezinentshebe, zaseSiberia noma zaseJapan. Phakathi kwezihlobo zezinkanyezi ezingenakuqhathaniswa engadini, kwesinye isikhathi ungathola izitshalo ezingalindelekile futhi zangempela kakhulu. Enye yezinto ezingafuneki kangako ubuhle bukaJuno. Njengoba enobuhlakani futhi ethize kwezobuchwepheshe kwezolimo, ukhetha ukuhlala ezivandeni ezinamadwala. UJuno ungenye yezimbali zokuqala eziqhakaza izimbali ezinamandla.
U-Iris waseBukhara (u-Iris bucharica) noma uJuno waseBukhara (Juno bucharica).
Rocky "akunjalo" irises
UJuno - esinye sezitshalo zokuqala ezingomndeni wakwaKatatikov. Ukuhlukaniswa kwabo kudideke kakhulu, ngoba izinhlobo ngazinye zihlala "zifuduka" ziye kuhlobo lwe-Iris no-okuphambene nalokho, okuyimbangela yokudideka okukhulu. Kodwa ama-junons akuzona izihlobo ezisondelene ze-irizome irises, ehlukile kakhulu kuzo ngezimpawu eziningi. Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso ukuhlonipha unkulunkulukazi uJuno - ukuvikelwa kwabesifazane nonkulunkulukazi odumile wenyanga.
UJuno (UJuno) - ummeleli wama-bulnous ahlala isikhathi eside, aphakathi nendawo, kodwa ebonakala emangalisa kakhulu ngeziqu ezinamahlamvu, izitshalo. Ekukhuleni kwezikhathi ze-juno zesikhathi eside sokuhlala kwehlobo kanye nezimila ezimfishane zasentwasahlobo, ezihlala amasonto ama-3-4 kuphela, kuthiwa.
AmaJunoes anesikhathi sokuvela ngo-Ephreli, ukuqhakaza maphakathi nentwasahlobo bese anyamalala ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokucekela phansi imibhede yezimbali esivele ingene ekuphikiseni imibala ngokubuka kwamaqabunga ayo omile.
Eqinisweni, lesi yisikhathi esiyingqayizivele esiyingqayizivele, isikhathi sokuhlobisa silinganiselwe ngesikhathi kangangokuthi siguqula i-juno ibe ngumhlobiso okhethekile, ongakaze ubonwe. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ngokuqondile njengezwi langempela, okungajwayelekile, okungewona wonke umuntu ongasithanda.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwejuno kukhawulelwe kuma-50 cm, kepha izitshalo ezinokuphakama okungama-10-30 cm zivame kakhulu. Amabhuleki aqukethe izikali ezinamanzi (kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5) nezikali zamafilimu ezomile. Izimpande zinamandla, kufana nezintambo, zivame ukuqina, zingafi ngesikhathi sokuwa. Amaqabunga e-juno crescent asesimweni sokugoba, aqabula amahlumela, ahlelwa ngokuhlukile futhi enza indidane ne-silhouette enkulu. Okumile okufushane noma okubunjiwe, uJuno ushiya njalo ekhombisa nge-sheen ecwebezelayo, egcizelela ithoni eluhlaza ejulile.
Umbala wamahlamvu ushintsha usuka endaweni ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwesixhumi sokukhanya kube ukukhanya okukhanyayo noma okuphakathi okuluhlaza okotshani. On the amahlumela (phezulu kanye axils amaqabunga) izimbali single eziqhakaza. Imvamisa, isitshalo esisodwa siveza izimbali ezingama-2-4, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kube nezimbali ezingama-7 eziqhakaza amahlumela.
Izimbali ezinamakha, ezinamaphayiphu ayisithupha anethambo ne-tube ekhulunyisiwe, izimbali zifana nje nokungajwayelekile. Ama-loberi perianth angaphandle ahlala ehlotshiswe ngensimbi yomunwe, edlula epuletini elinamaphiko, kaningana ngaphezu kwama-lobes angaphakathi, asatshalaliswa ezinhlangothini noma egobile.
Isikhathi sezimbali zeJuno sihlala siba maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo “siboshwe” ngo-Ephreli, kodwa isikhathi sokukhula salesi sibani sincike ngqo kwisimo sezulu sonyaka.
Iphalethi yombala yejunos ihluke kakhulu, kepha kuphela ngemithunzi: izimbali zalesi sitshalo zihlala zipendwe ngombala omhlophe no-ukhilimu, noma ngamathoni aphuzi aphuzi nokhanyayo.
UJuno Caucasian (Juno caucasica).
Izinhlobo zeJuno
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izitshalo ezingaphezu kweshumi ezinhlanu ngaphambili bezihlangene kuhlobo lweJuno, namuhla iningi lezi zinhlobo seliphinde labizwa kabusha njenge-irises. Njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa, zintathu kuphela izinhlobo ze-5 zejunos ezisetshenziswayo. Zonke zihlanganiswa ngamahlamvu amahle nokuqhakaza okumhlophe noma okuphuzi, ukuqhathanisa nokuzikhuthazela. AmaJunos atholakala kuyo yonke imvelo kulo lonke elase-Easia, kepha ukusakazeka emabangeni awo kukhulu impela. Ezinye izinhlobo zeNyakatho Afrika. Lezi zitshalo zihlala emaphethelweni owomile nasemithambekeni yezintaba, okuthi ngezindlela eziningi inqume imininingwane yokulinyelwa kwazo.
Juno Caucasian (Juno caucasica) - Uhlobo olunamacembe ophuzi olugeleza kuze kufike ku-25 cm ukuphakama. Ama-anyanisi amancane, aphansi aze afike ku-2 cm ububanzi akhiqiza izimpande eziwugqinsi kanye namahlumela aqinile, athweswe umqhele nge-inflorescence emincane emincane. Amaqabunga aminyene noma ahlukaniswe izikhala eziningi, ahlanganisa isiqu, aluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali ziyi-asymmetrical, kuze kube ngu-5 cm ubukhulu, ezinobude obude, obuhle futhi obufushane bangaphakathi be-marigold-like perianth. Umbala ophuzi opendwe uvezwa indawo enhle ekhanyayo. Lesi ngesinye sezimpawu zakudala eziqhakaza, lapho isimo sezulu esihle sinokuqhakaza ngisho nasekupheleni kukaMashi.
UJuno Foster (Juno fosterana) - isitshalo esinamacwecwe afinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama ngesibalo esingamasentimitha, simangele ngenani elikhulu lesikali esinsundu esinsundu. Isiqu sinamaqabunga asondelene, agobile agobile onqenqemeni lomngcele abukeka emangalisa futhi angajwayelekile. Ukusuka kuzimbali ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-4 eziqhakaza ngakunye, ububanzi bazo bufika ku-5 cm. I-perianth tube yinde, ifinyelela ku-4 cm, amachibi angaphandle aphuzi ngokugqamile, angaphakathi aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kuwukuphela kokubukeka "okunemibala eminingi" kaJuno wangempela.
UJuno Waril (Juno waryleyensis) isitshalo esingumhlobiso kakhulu esinamabhulethi amakhulu, afinyelela ku-2,5 cm futhi siba ngama-30 cm amade, siqhakaza amaqabunga ahlukaniswe kabanzi nama-internmmetrical internode Ngokungafani namanye ama-junos, amaqabunga e-Warilian awamnyama, kodwa akhanya, anomngcele omuhle eceleni nangobuso obuqinile. Izimbali aziyona iphunga, kepha ngombala omuhle onsomi, izithunzi zazo zingahluka kubumnyama bokukhanya. I-perianth eneshubhu ende iyagcobhoza ngomunwe obabazekayo kanye nepuleti elimnyama le-velvet ezindlebeni zangaphandle nama-lobes angaphakathi ansomi.
UJuno Caucasian (Juno caucasica).
UJuno Warilian (Juno waryleyensis).
Juno fosterana
Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ze-juno zibhekwa njengejwayelekile kakhulu. - Juno porphyrochrysa futhi Juno issica.
Ama-junos weqiniso awatholakali kakhulu athengiswa, ngaphandle kwe-Caucasus juno. Kepha ama-junos ajwayelekile njalo avela kumakhathalogi ama-exotic, atholakala ngokuwela nokuzala izitshalo, anakho ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nezimo zezifunda ezinobusika obunzima futhi ziyathembisa.
Kodwa labo junies abadluliselwe emndenini we-Iris bande kakhulu futhi bayathandwa. Ngakho-ke, kuhambisana negama elithi "juno" lapho i-Bukhara iris edume kakhulu ngama-irises aqhakaza izimbali.
U-Iris waseBukhara (Iris bucharica (amagama afanayo - Juno bucharica)) - i-anyanisi engapheli, ama-bulbs ayo akhawulelwe kubude obungu-2 cm ukuphakama nobubanzi. Iziqu ezinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15 kuya kwangama-30 zimbozwe ngesigaxa esigobile, amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza ancishwe endaweni ephezulu kakhulu. Esiqwini ngasinye sifinyelela izimbali ezi-5 eziqhakaza ngesilinganiso esingu-7 cm. Iziphephe zangaphakathi ze-perianth zimhlophe, zibukhali, zinez ipuleti ze-rhombic-ezintathu-lobed. Ama-lobes angaphandle apendwe ngamathoni aphuzi amnyama noma akhanyayo, adwetshwe ngefoloko ngomunwe kancane kancane anwebeka epuletini ende. IBukhara iris ibukeka ibuthakathaka futhi inamanzi. Izimbali zivela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, ziqhathanisa kahle namaqabunga acwebezelayo, izimbali zihlala amasonto amathathu.
U-Iris waseBukhara (u-Iris bucharica) noma uJuno waseBukhara (Juno bucharica)AmaJunos nezinye izitshalo ezibuyiselwe emuva ku-irises ziyaqhubeka nokusabalala ngaphansi kwegama elidala:
1) U-Iris Orchid noma juno orchid (Iris orchioidesphambilini - UJuno orchioides) iyindlela yokuhlobisa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu yenethiwekhi. Iziqu ezinama-internode amakhulu afinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali ezingafika kwezi-5 ziyaqhakaza kuma-axils amaqabunga. Amaqabunga asemngceleni, akhanya, awaneme. Izimbali eziphuzi ophuzi zisebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yombala wegolide okhanyayo wamapuleti ngemivimbo ebubende, ukugqwala okumnyama kwama-lobes angaphandle nepuleti ebukhali enezinhlaka ezintathu - yona engaphakathi. I-Orchid iris blooms ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ithathwa njengesitshalo esibaluleke kakhulu nesikhethekile.
2) I-dwarf iris (Iris pumila, amagama athi - juno oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Juno coerulea)) - ukubukeka okumnandi okwenziwe nge-lilac lapho izimbali zihluka khona kahle ngamahlamvu. Amalambu we-iris emfushane awudluli ku-2,5 cm. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza ocebile, ahlala ngokusondelana, ama-internode awabonakali. Izimbali ezingafika kwezi-5 ziyaqhakaza ku-peduncle ngayinye, amahlumela uqobo aphansi, afinyelela ku-7 cm kuphela. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-7 cm zipendwe nge-lobance yangaphakathi ye-lanceolate futhi iphindwe kabili ngobukhulu njengalezo zangaphandle, lapho umabumba omise okomphiko onemiphetho ecishe ifane ubonakala kahle. I-Dwarf iris blooms maphakathi nentwasahlobo, ibukeka imsha futhi igqamile.
3) Iris esikhundleni (Iris vicaria noma indawo kaJuno - Juno vicaria)) - isitshalo esinamabhulethi amakhulu, afinyelela ku-3,5 cm, sifanamsindvo ekwazi ukukhula sikhule sibe yingxenye yemitha namahlamvu akhazimulayo akhanyayo, lapho kubonakala khona umbala ophuzi ezisekelweni bese ublue emaphethelweni amapuleti amaqabunga. Izimbali azinaphunga, ziphuzi, ziluhlaza-lilac, ezinendawo emnyama ephuzi kanye nokhilimu. Kubhekwa njengenye elula kakhulu ukukhulisa irises bulbous yeqembu eliphakathi.
Lezi izitshalo ezinamahlumela anamaqabunga afanayo, kodwa eziqhakaza izimbali ezihluke kancane, ikakhulukazi ngopende onemibala emibili kanye nomehluko othile ezimeni. "IJuno" enjalo kulula kakhulu ukuyikhulisa, izizwa imnandi kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi evulekile, kepha nokho izidingo zisafana.
Iris esikhundleni (Iris vicaria) noma Juno esikhundleni (Juno vicaria).
I-Dwarf iris (Iris pumila) noma i-Juno blue (Juno coerulea).
Iris orchid (Iris orchioides) noma Juno orchid (Juno orchioides)Ekubunjweni kwengadi, iJuno iyasetshenziswa:
- kuma-alpine slides;
- kuma-rockeries;
- ukwethulwa kokuqhathaniswa kwezitshalo zekhaphethi kanye namatshe odonga ezingadini zamatshe;
- emaqenjini emvelo anezinkanyezi zasentwasahlobo;
- embhedeni wezimbali ongaphambili;
- ukubhaliswa kwemithambeka engaseningizimu kanye nezingadi ezithukile;
- ukwakheka komphetho wangaphambili wamaqembu nama uthango ngezihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali;
- njengomhlobiso wentwasahlobo ngaphansi kwezinkuni ezinkulu;
- kusiko lembiza;
- ezingadini zamadwala zamaselula;
- njengesitshalo esinqunyiwe nesigcina ukushisa;
- for distillation;
- njengengadi yangaphakathi.
Abalingani abahamba phambili beJuno: ama-muscari, ama-hyacinths, ama-crocuses, ama-daffodils, ama-scylls, ama-snowdrops, ama-hionodoxes, ama-anemones
Izimo ezidingekayo kwabancane
Isihluthulelo sempumelelo ekukhuliseni i-juno engadini, ikakhulukazi emgqeni ophakathi nendawo kudala izimo eduze kwezindawo zemvelo zesitshalo. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuletha izimo zethu eduze kweJuno ethandekayo - ubusika obubandayo, ihlobo elomile kanye nentwasahlobo emanzi. Kuma-junoes, anikeza izindawo ezifudumele, ezihlukaniswe zodwa, ezivikelwe, ezivikelwe ngokuthembekile emimoyeni nasezindongeni ngokufika okukhulu. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, engaboli, kepha kuphela yizindawo ezinokhanyo kahle ezilungele lezi zitshalo. Kuyiqiniso, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi noma kutshalwa ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinkulu, amaphuphu ayojabulela ilanga ngenkathi yokukhula, ngoba ngokuvamile, lapho kubuna abasha, izihlahla ezincane nezihlahlana zimane zikhulule amaqabunga awo.
Izici zenhlabathi zidinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. IJuno ngeke ikwazi ukumelana nokuqina kwamanzi futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhula endaweni enamadwala. Kuzo, izindawo ezingamanzi, ezikhanyayo zama-rockeries nezingadi zamadwala zilungile, kepha hhayi izindawo eziphakeme, kepha izimbobo noma izindawo eziphansi lapho kungekho bungozi bokubanda kwanda. Emibhedeni yezimbali nasengadini en engles yamaloons, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kulungele kangcono, okuzobuyisa ngokuphelele inhlabathi evamile enobumba. Ngobungozi obuncane bokuqina kwamanzi endaweni abahlela ukutshala kuyo i-juno, kungcono ukubeka ngokushesha imisele eyengeziwe.
Ukutshala ezitsheni kuthathwa njengendlela elula, ngoba kulula ukuthi i-juno inikeze indawo eyomile yasehlobo. Lapho utshala emabhodweni nasezitsheni, ama-junos adinga indawo enelanga nokukhanya kwendawo yonke ngokukhanya kwengxenye yesihlabathi kanye nenani elincane lomanyolo we-organic. Kukhethwa iziqukathi ezinkulu, ezijulile zejuno ukuze izimpande ezinamanzi zikhule ngokukhululekile kuzo futhi kube nokubekwa okuphezulu kakhulu.
Iris esikhundleni (Iris vicaria) noma Juno esikhundleni (Juno vicaria)Ukufika kukaJuno
UJuno watshala kungekudala kunama-tulips - maphakathi no-Septhemba. Lapho utshala, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngezimpande ezinamanzi, uzama ukubangela ukulimala okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngisho nezimpande zefilimu ezacile. AmaJunoes atshalwa emigodini yokutshala yomuntu ngamunye, abeka ama-bulbs ngokujula kwama-5-8 cm (yize ubukhulu obuncane, ukutshala okuphezulu kuhlotshaniswa nengozi yokulahlekelwa ebusika bokuqala). Ibanga kusuka ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane okungenani angama-30-40 cm, futhi mhlawumbe uhhafu wemitha (lezi zinhlamvu zikhula ngentshiseko). Ngaphezulu kokufika, kungcono ukuthi u-mulch nanoma yikuphi okokusebenza okutholakalayo.
AmaJunos atshalwe ezitsheni aze afike ekujuleni okufanayo. Kepha ezansi kwamathangi kumele kubeke ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi amakhulu ukusuka ku-1/3 kuya? ukuphakama kwamathangi.
Juno Care
Ngaphandle kwesimo sesitshalo isigamu sasendle futhi singazithobi, i-juno izodinga ukuthambisa okwengeziwe. Izitshalo kumele ziniselwe ngezikhathi zesomiso entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lapho lesi sitshalo siya esikhathini sokuphumula kwehlobo, asithelwanga amanzi, futhi uma ukutholakala kwezulu kusinda kakhulu, kuvikelekile futhi ekuvikelekeni ngokweqile ngama-greenhouse akhethekile.
Uma ingekho indlela yokuvikela izitshalo ekuqothulweni ngokweqile kwehlobo, akukho zinyathelo ezithathiwe zokukhipha inhlabathi, khona-ke emva kokuqothuka kwamahlamvu, gaya le-bulbous futhi uzigcine ezitsheni ezinkulu kuze kube yilapho zitshala ngoSepthemba, zilala ngomhlabathi okhanyayo noma nesihlabathi (izimpande kufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela). Njengoba isikhathi sezitshalo zeJuno sifushane kakhulu, ukuthambisa okwengeziwe ngeke kubangele ubunzima.
Ukondla kwenziwa kuphela uJuno obunjiwe (ngesikhathi sokukhula - masonto onke). Azikho ezinye izindlela zokunakekela ezidingekayo, ngaphandle kwezitshalo ezisencane ezidinga ukuvikelwa ukhula.
Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuvuselelwa kabusha nokutshalwa kabusha ngokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni engama-4-5 ngenxa yokuthambekela kokukhula ngentshiseko futhi kube lukhuni ekulimaleni kwezimbali. Kulokhu, abiwa ngemuva kokugunda, ahlukaniswe, kuthi emva kwehlobo esitsheni atshalwe endaweni entsha ngoSepthemba.
Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokukhula, izinambuzane nezifo zeJuno azibi kakhulu. Kepha nge-waterlogging, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sizwela kakhulu ukubola. Ama-Juno bulb awavami ukuheha izinduku.
I-Dwarf iris (Iris pumila) noma i-Juno blue (Juno coerulea)Ukuzalela kukaJuno
Le bulbous ingatholakala zombili izindlela zokusanhlamvu nangembewu.
IJuno yakha izitshalo ezihambisana nayo ngentshiseko. Ngokwakhiwa kwe-juno "eminyene, ungamba futhi uhlukanise ama-bulbs ngamanye, ngamunye otshalwe njengesitshalo esizimele. "Izidleke" zitshalwa ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokukhula nokufa kwamahlamvu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa, izimpande ziphathwa ngokucophelela, ngoba ukuqunjelwa kabusha kwesisekelo sabo kulula kakhulu ukulonakalisa. Amabhuleki ambiwe agcinwa esihlabathini noma emhlabathini okhanyayo ezitsheni kuze kube maphakathi noSepthemba.
Imbewu kaJuno ihlwanyelwa ekwindla. Ukuhlwanyela ngokujulile ngokufaka izithombo zokutshala ebusika kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze amahlumela entekenteke entwasahlobo yokuqala. Ama-junoes asemasha adinga ukunakekelwa okuthuthukile - ukuvikelwa kukhula, ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi ngokucophelela, ukuchelela entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Amabhule ziyaqhakaza ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine. Ukufakelwa endaweni ehlala njalo kwenziwa ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu, ekwindla, kusemba izitshalo entwasahlobo ngemuva kokuqothuka kwamaqabunga nokuzigcina ezitsheni kuze kube sekutshaleni. Imbewu kaJuno imila iminyaka engama-20.
AmaJunos nawo asatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa phansi isibani - ukwahlukanisa izimpande nge-bud phansi, lapho kuzokhula khona isitshalo esizimele.
