I-cranberry - Ubuhle baseNyakatho

Amaqiniso ayi-cranberry ayi-10

1. Ama-Cranberry amajikijolo acishe abe ngama-90% amanzi.
2. Isikhunta esihle esivuthiwe uma siwela endaweni enzima. Ngakho-ke, esiNgisini kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa nangokuthi i-Bounceberry.
3. Amanye ama-cranberry bush aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100 ubudala.
4. Ijusi le-cranberry lisiza ekulweni netifo se-urinary tract ngokuvimbela u-E. coli ukuthi anganamatheli ezindongeni zesinye futhi abasuse emzimbeni ngomchamo.
5. Igama lesiNgisi lama cranberry (Cranberry) ngokuhumusha lisho "i-crane berry." Izimbali ezinde ezimfishane zikakhonkolo zifana nekhanda nomlomo wesigaxa. E-Russia yayibizwa nangokuthi i-freckle, i-crane, iqhwa leqhwa.
6. Abantu bomdabu baseMelika bawuhlikihla ama-cranberry epanini bese exutshwa nenyama eyomisiwe ukuze bandise impilo yayo yeshalofu; le ngxube yabizwa ngokuthi i-pemmican.
7. Ngo-1912, i-cranberry sauce yaqala ukotshwa.
8. Igama elejwayelekile lama-cranberry livela kumagama esiGreek athi "oxis" - okubabayo, omuncu kanye no "coccus" - okuyindilinga, i.e. ngokweqiniso "ibhola omuncu".

Ama-cranberry

Incazelo

Ama-cranberry (lat I-Oxecoccus) - itekisi lomndeni wakwaHeather, lihlanganisa izihlahla ezinwabuzelayo ezihlala ziluhlaza ezikhula kubhukuda eNyakatho Nenkabazwe.

I-Cranberry, noma Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile (I-Vaccinium oxycoccos) - Ukubuka kwe-Eurasian.

Amajikijolo asenyakatho, amagilebhisi aseNyakatho nobuhle basenyakatho adumile abizwa ngokuthi ama-cranberry. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo Cranberry idume ngezindawo zayo zokuphilisa. Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile (i-syn. Swamp cranberries, i-syn. Ezine-cranberry) isihlahla esihle njalo esihle somndeni waseVereskov. Lincane, liyakhamba, lifinyelela ku-80 cm lide, linemacembe lamancanyana, lacinile, acwebezelayo, anamaqabunga amafushane. Ngaphezulu ziluhlaza, zinesikhumba, futhi ngaphansi - isiliva elinengubo enoboya. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza ngoMeyi noJuni. Izimbali zincanyana, ziya drooping, zipinki emnyama. Izithelo - amajikijolo acwebezelayo, amnyama obomvu ayindilinga. Zivuthiwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti-Septhemba futhi zihlala kulesi sitshalo kuze kube sentwasahlobo.

Izimbali ze-cranberry.

Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile ezifundeni ezisenyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia, iSiberia yaseNtshonalanga, iKamchatka neSakhalin. Ikhula ezinhlafunweni ze-sphagnum kanye nasehlathini lamaxhaphozi. Ezindaweni eziningi, ama-cranberry angeniswa esikweni. Ngenhloso yezokwelapha, sebenzisa amajikijolo avuthiwe, avunwa ngemuva kokuqala kwesithwathwa ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ama-cranberry avunwa entwasahlobo acwebile ukwedlula ekwindla, aqongelela inqwaba ye-citric acid, kepha cishe awekho amavithamini asele. Awukwazi ukuyigcina isikhathi eside. Amajikijolo awanawo iphunga; ukunambitheka kwawo kumuncu.

Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile endaweni yokubhukuda. © Andrey Pertsev

Amajikijolo avuniwe ngoSepthemba alukhuni, noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi sokugcina avuthwa futhi athambile. Ama-cranberry, avunwa ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-benzoic acid kuwo, ahlala emusha iminyaka engu-1-2. Uma amajikijolo akhethwe yiqhwa akhethwe, lapho-ke adinga ukugcinwa eqandisiwe. Amajikijolo afakwe isiraphu yeshukela ebuthakathaka ayonakalisi kulo lonke ubusika. Ama-cranberry agcinwa kangcono kunoshukela wawo.

Ukusebenza

Amajikijolo we-cranberry aqukethe i-benzoic, ulamula (imvamisa kakhulu iba ngu-3%, lapho amajikijolo abizwa ngokuthi yi-limaus enyakatho), i-quinic, i-malic kanye namanye ama-organic acid, uvithamini C (aze afike ku-20 mg%), P, carotene, uwoyela obalulekile, ushukela (kusuka I-2.3 kuye ku-5%), imibala yezikhumba, i-pectin nama-tannins, ama-flavonoid, ama-phenol carboxylic acid, usawoti we-potassium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, futhi iqukethe i-cobalt, iodine, insimbi, ithusi, i-manganese nezinye izinto.

Ama-cranberry asetshenziselwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, umkhuhlane, i-tonsillitis, i-bronchitis, i-rheumatism, umalaleveva, izifo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala ezihambisana nomkhuhlane ophezulu (kusiza ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa, kuqeda ukoma, kuhle ukuyisebenzisa noju, kanye nangendlela yokufaka isiraphu nokufaka) , nge-gastritis ene-acidity ephansi, ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, izifo zamapheshana okuchama nesibindi, i-anemia, isifo sokuqina kwemizwa, ikhanda, isifo sofuba samaphaphu, i-thrombophlebitis, i-glaucoma, kanye ukuze tonic, i-ejenti Vitamin ekwelapheni umdlavuza iziguli, izifo cutaneous bethola izindawo esikhunjeni.

Ukuthathwa kukaMorse "Berry ukukhetha" © Schekinov Alexey

Kusetshenziswa amaqabunga e-cranberry esikhundleni setiye. Ama-cranberry afakwa ku-conteptindication ku-peptic ulcer yesisu, duodenum kanye ne-gastritis ene-acidity ephezulu.

Sebenzisa ngaphandle uginindela kusuka kuma-cranberry amajikijolo ama-bedores nokususa amabala wobudala. Ngezifo zesikhumba, geza ngejusi le-cranberry bese usebenzisa ugcobe kusuka ujusi. Ukulungiselela u-20 ml wejusi elisanda kufakwa kuxutshaniswa no-40 g we-lanolin no-40 g we-petroleum jelly. Amafutha agcinwa esiqandisini.

Ujusi we-cranberry

Hlambulula amajikijolo ngamanzi abilisiwe, uthele ijusi esitsheni sengilazi, uthele amanzi abilayo afafaziwe abilayo (amalitha ama-3-4 nge-g g), ubilise nengcindezi. Faka ujusi noshukela kumhluzi ophumele ukunambitha. Phuza isiphuzo sezithelo ezingama-2-3 ngosuku. Yigcine esiqandisini. I-Morse iqeda ngokuphelele ukoma, amathoni, ivuselela, ithuthukisa umsebenzi wezokwelapha wama-antigi asetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo zezinso nezinhlungu, iwusizo ku-angina pectoris (inomphumela obuthaka we-vasodilating), i-rheumatism, umkhuhlane, i-tonsillitis, umalaleveva, iyadingeka ezigulini ezisebenza ngokubambisana.

Ukufakelwa

Ama-cranberry kulula ukukhulisa nokusabalalisa. Ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, khetha indawo enelanga esizeni. Inhlabathi kumele ibe yi-acidic, lapho idinga ukugcotshwa nge-peat, sawdust kanye nezinaliti ezi-spruce. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ifakwe kahle ngamanzi. Izimbambo zifakwe emanzini ahlanzekile okungenani amahora ama-2 bese zicindezelwa emhlabathini, zishiya ama-2-3 cm ngaphezulu, ebangeni elingama-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Uma utshala izihlahla ezenziwe ngomumo, zikhonkotha amagatsha amade emhlabathini - ngeke ahlupheke emoyeni futhi uzokhula ngokushesha.

Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile. © Pleple2000

Lapho utshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lindela ukuthi umhlabathi unciphe ekujuleni kwama-5 cm. Into esemqoka ukuthi izithombo zingashisi ehlobo lokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu. Ukuze umswakama uhlale emhlabathini, imishayo ibekwa nxazonke, okuthi ngemuva kokunisela izitshalo ihlale imanzi isikhathi eside. Ekwindla, inhlabathi engaphezulu (sesisusa i-moss ngalesi sikhathi) imbozwe ngesihlabathi somfula esingamamitha ayi-5-10 cm. Entwasahlobo, iyalivikela ekushintsheni kwamazinga okushisa, lapho iqina ebusuku kusuka phezulu futhi ibe thaws phakathi nosuku, okuthinta ukubangelwa kwe-cranberry. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba olulula lwesihlabathi libonisa imisebe yelanga ehlobo, luvimbele inhlabathi ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, umswakama ugcinwa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubalulekile kuze kube lapho ama-cranberry esemboze wonke umhlaba otshaliwe.

Ama-cranberry aqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni engama-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala. Igcwele i-1 m² ye-cranberry inika ilitha lamajikijolo.

Ama-cranberry ajwayelekile. © B.gliwa

Ukunakekelwa

Njalo ngonyaka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo udinga ukunquma zonke iziqu ezondile ngesikere. Uma izitshalo zingakhuli kahle, udinga ukufaka u-15 g we-ammonium sulfate kuwo wonke ama-1 m².

Ama-Cranberry aseNyakatho Melika (Ama-cranberry, noma i-American Cranberry) ingatshalwa efulethini ledolobha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcina i-acid peat enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nomthamo we-volumetric. Isibonelo, thola umkhombe noma ibhokisi. Umhlaba kumele uhlale unomswakama, kepha ungabi ngokweqile. Tshala isihlahla esisodwa - uzokhula ngokushesha futhi ugcwalise yonke indawo. Kuze kube nguNovemba, ama-cranberry angakhula kuvulandi, futhi ngaphambi kokuqandisa, alethe endaweni epholile emnyama lapho izinga lokushisa lingadluli + 4 ° C. Futhi ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, faka lesi sitshalo ekukhanyisweni bese usithela ngamandla. Amajikijolo avuthwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-Cranberry

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimbalwa kuze kube manje, ezifunwa kakhulu yiHoves, uRanny Black, Beckwith, Bennett, Centennial nabanye abazalelwa e-United States cishe isigamu seminyaka eyikhulu edlule.

Lapho ukutheleleka ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nokubola okuhlukahlukene kungenzeka khona, iBequuit iyakhula. Inamajikijolo amakhulu ngokunambitheka okuhle nephunga elihle, kulula ukususa amajikijolo, ngoba akha iziqu ezide, eziqondile. Kuvunwa ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.

IBennett ivelele phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinekhwalithi enhle yokugcina. Amajikijolo ahlukahlukene, ahlukahlukene avuthiwe sekwephuzile.

IHovez nayo ingeyeqembu lokuvuthwa sekwephuzile. Inamajikijolo amakhulu abomvu amnyama, adume ngokunambitheka kwawo okuhle, okuqukethwe kwe-pectin ephezulu nekhwalithi enhle yokugcina.

Kwezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala, enye edume kakhulu yi-Early Black. Amajikijolo ahlukaniswa yifomu ebunjiwe njengensimbi, umbala wawo ubomvu mnyama, ngokunambitheka uthathwa njengomunye weyona ehamba phambili.

Ukuze kusetshenzwe noma kusetshenziswe ngokushesha, i-Centennial iyanconywa, enezinzuzo eziningi, kepha igcinwe kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Amajikijolo ayo makhulu, ngesimo sifana namakherubi, umbala ubomvu, kukhona iphunga elimnandi elikhanyayo, ukunambitheka kuphakama impela.

Okungafundwanga yizinhlobo ezinjengeSteven, Champion, Wilcox neSearls. Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo, kubalulekile ukubeka emasimini amaningi e-cranberry ukuze ahlanganiswe ngempova, okusiza ukukhulisa umkhiqizo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuthengisa yama cranberry.

Ama-cranberry anezithelo ezinkulu. © Bruce Foster

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ngikhumbula ukunambitheka kwama cranberry! Ugogo wami wayehlala ekhulisa le berry enempilo ezweni, futhi umama wayenza ijusi le cranberry elimnandi.