Basho ngamabhungane aseColorado - alethwe umoya. Ngempela, abamele abantu abadala bomndeni wezinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga bayakwazi, beqhutshwa ngumoya, ukunqoba ngaphezu kwe-15-50 km ngosuku. Ijubane lehlobo elizimele lesimo sezulu ezolile li-4-8 km / h. Iminyaka esemqoka yabantu abadala iqala ekwindla ifuna izindawo ezilungele ubusika. Mayelana nokuhlukahluka kokuzala ama-Colorado amazambane amabhungane futhi, futhi, ngezindlela zokulwa nokuwavimbela - i-athikili yethu.
I-Colorado amazambane amazambane.
Izici zokuphila nokuzala amabhungane eColorado
Ebusika, amabhungane amadala agobhoza emhlabathini ongaphezulu kweqhwa (70 cm nokujula). Ingxenye yokulondolozwa kwamabhungane amadala ihlala emhlabathini iminyaka engama-2-3. Entwasahlobo, lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifudumele esishubile futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya likhuphukela ku- + 15 ° ะก, abantu abadala bakhethwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kucishe kube isikhathi sokuqhakaza okukhulu kwama-dandelion, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezitshalo zokhula ezivela emndenini we-nightshade (i-nightshade emnyama nebomvu, i-dope, i-belladonna, i-belena).
Ukudla ngentshiseko amaqabunga amasha enokhula olufunayo, amabhungane kamuva andizela ezitshalweni ezindala ezidliwayo kuya ezitshalweni ezincane zamatamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, eziqongweni zamazambane. Lapha, ngaphansi kwegceke lama-1-2 amaqabunga amaqabunga ezitshalo ezitshaliwe, insikazi ibeka amaqanda inqwaba yezingcezu eziyi-10-30.
Ukulimala kwamabhungane kungukuqaqamba okungafani nokufisa okukhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa ubekela amaqanda aphuzi angama-400-2500 empilweni yakhe. Ubhungane ngamunye ngenyanga udla ngaphezu kwama-4 g amaqabunga amancane, kanti izibungu zingaphezu kwe-1 g, kusale izinsalela zamathambo eziluhlaza kuphela.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5 kuya ku-5, abantu abamnyama abansundu abamnyama baqandusela emaqanda, okuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15-27 zokuphila bashintshe umbala ube ophuzi-orenji noma o-orenji ogqamile. Baya emhlabathini, lapho bagxumela khona futhi beze ebusweni ngesimo somuntu osemusha owakhiwe. Ehlobo, amabhungane eColorado ayakwazi ukunika izizukulwane ezingama-2-4, ngakho-ke amabhungane ezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokukhula angakhula esihlahleni esi-1. Umonakalo odalwe yibo ungafinyelela ekulahlekelweni kwesivuno esingu-100%.
Izindlela zokubhekana namabhungane aseColorado
Izindlela zokulwa nalombhungane wamazambane waseColorado ahlukaniswe:
- ukuvimbela
- ngokwemvelo
- amakhemikhali.
Iqhaza elikhulu ekunciphiseni isibalo sezilokazane ezidla amaqabunga zinikezwa izindlela zokuthibela, ezibandakanya izindlela zokuzibulala izinambuzane nezinye izindlela zokubulala izinambuzane. Usizo olukhulu emnothweni izindlela zabantu zokulwa nezinambuzane.
Zokuvimbela
Imicimbi ye-Agrotechnical
Indlela ebalulekile yokulwa namabhungane wamazambane eColorado ukuphathwa okufanele komnotho wezingadi. Amazambane nezinye izilimo zemifino (ezifiselekayo inkathazo) kufanele zibuyele endaweni yazo yokuqala zingakapheli iminyaka engama-4-5. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshanisa kwezilimo (ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo) kuyadingeka, okuzoqondisa ngokuphelele ukushintshwa okulungile kwezilimo zemifino, kufake isandla ekulimeni okufika ngesikhathi nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi yokutshala noma ukuhlwanyela isivuno esilandelayo.
Izibungu zebhungane lamazambane leColorado.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele:
- yenza ukushintshanisa kwezilimo ngezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezizodonsa izitha zemvelo zezinambuzane zamazambane eColorado (izinyoni, ama-ladybugs, amabhungane omhlaba nabanye) esivandeni futhi uqiniseke ukuthi i-nightshade ibuyela endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni kungakabi isikhathi sekhefu leminyaka engu-4-5;
- ungalokothi owandulelayo we-nightshade angakwazi ukubeka isiko lomndeni owodwa (ngokwesibonelo: amazambane ngemuva kwe-isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi nokuphikisana nalokho);
- ngemuva kokuvuna owandulelayo, inhlabathi kumele iniselwe kahle ukuvusa ukuvela kokhula. Kuzithombo, faka amaminerali kanye ne-organic bese ugaya inhlabathi osebeni lwefosholo (25-30 cm) kuma-chernozems ane-revolution. Gwema ukuminyanisa ingadi ukhula ngemuva kokuvunwa;
- ngesikhathi sokukhula, gcina amasimu ehlanzekile ukhula, usebenzisa okugcina njenge-mulch ngemuva kokukhululwa.
Izindlela ezidumile zokuvikela
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwamakhemikhali, abalimi basebenzisa izindlela ezisetshenziswayo zokulwa naleli bhungane lamazambane leColorado, lakhula njengomphumela wokubukwa komjikelezo wentuthuko nokukhiqizwa kwezinambuzane kabusha.
"Okusha" okudala kubuchwepheshe bezolimo bamazambane
Namuhla, abahlali basehlobo babuyela endleleni yakudala efakazelwe yokukhulisa amazambane ku-mulch. Ukuze wenze lokhu, escebeni esilungiselelwe ekwindla (kukhululwe ukhula, kuvundiswa futhi kwembiwe), kubekwa ungqimba oluphezulu lwamazambane. Kungaba amaqabunga awile, utshani, utshani, ukhula omncane (hhayi onembewu) nezinye izinto. Ebusika, zihlala ezinqubweni zemvelo zokubola futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi yeqhwa.
Entwasahlobo, ungqimba olubunjiwe lwe-mulch selisakazeke kancane, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane zibekwa ngaphandle ziphinde zimbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulch, ukuphakama okungama-25-30 cm.
Amabhungane anobusika abamba iphunga lamazambane aluhlaza, kodwa awakwazi ukungena kuwo ngesigaxa semboza mulch futhi afe. Ekwindla, i-mulch ikhishwa kusuka emibhedeni, ama-tubers kuvunwa. Isithombo semifino sasehlobo esine-rotated sihlakazeka endaweni yonke futhi sangcwatshwa emhlabathini njengomanyolo womanyolo. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwezakhamizi zasehlobo zaseRussia nabalimi baseMelika, cishe awukho monakalo wezinambuzane ngale ndlela yokukhulisa amazambane.
Ukukhulisa amazambane ngaphansi kotshani.
I-infusions, ama-decoctions kanye nempahla yokudla
Ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions we-insecticides yotshani awayona ingozi njengoba ababhali abaningi bebhala, benikeza ezinye izindlela zokuvikela izinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, kumele zisetshenziswe ngokucophelela futhi uqiniseke ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha, ikakhulukazi i-asthma kanye ne-allergies.
- Ngemuva kokutshala amazambane, futhi ngesikhathi amahlumela single kulo lonke icebo (uma lincane), asika nezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane. Amabhungane akhasa iphunga lamazambane. Kusasele ukuqoqa nokubabhubhisa.
- Ekulondolozeni amazambane, iziqukathi ezahlukahlukene zembiwa zigcwala nenhlabathi, ezansi lapho kukhona i- "Colorado delicacy" - amazambane aqhekezayo, ikakhulukazi ngezithombo. Izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto kuyadingeka ukuhlola izicupho. Izimbungulu ezihlanganisiwe ziqoqwa ebhakedeni elihlukile ngamanzi anensipho noma ukugqokwa kwephalafini bese kubhujiswa.
- Ezindaweni ezincane, unganciphisa kakhulu inani lezilokazane ngokuzixhoma esitsheni, ngaphansi lapho kuthululelwa usawoti oqinile, uphalafini noma esinye isixazululo esinobuthi samabhungane.
- Umlotha wezinkuni ubilisiwe amahora angama-0.5 ngesilinganiso se-1 kg / 10 l wamanzi, ugcizelele izinsuku ezi-2. I-40-50 g yokugudla insipho yokuwasha (ngaphandle kokufakelwa kwezakhiwo) ifakwa kwikhambi elihlungiwe futhi ngemuva kokuthi ichithwe ngokuphelele, ukugxila kuhlanjululwe futhi lapho ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Isixazululo esisebenzayo esithethwe sifafazwa ngezitshalo. Uma kunesidingo, ukuphinda ufafaze, kungcono ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-imago ye-Colorado amazambane.
- Bilisa imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwengama-10 kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi ama-200 g wezimbali ze-dandelion nezitshalo zamahashe. Ipholile, ubunzima. Faka u-0.5 l wokugxilisa okuphumela ebhokisini lamanzi ufafaze ukutshala kwe-nightshade.
- Ungalungisa ukugxila kwe-nut yendawo yonke ethinta uhlu olukhulu lwezinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga. Ekwindla, umgoqo ogqinsiwe noma owenziwe ngokhuni ugcwele amaqabunga e-nati awile, amantongomane aluhlaza athulwe ngamanzi abilayo. Ebusika, kugxilwa ku-nut ekhishwe. Amalitha ama-1-2 wokugxilisisa afakwa emanzini ngamalitha ayi-10 afafazwe ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sokuhlushwa okudingayo. Isivivinyo sokuhlushwa senziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: thela izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokugxila okuhlukahlukene (1: 10, 2: 10, 1,5: 10.) Nezitshalo ezingama-1-2 zamatamatisi, amazambane, isitshalo seqanda ziyafafazwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-1-2, babheka ukuthi yisiphi isisombululo esisebenzayo akukho okushisiwe emithini ebelaphekiwe, nalelo khambi futhi isiza sonke siyalashwa. Ukusebenza kwesicelo kuphezulu.
Ama-insecticides
Ubhungane lwamazambane waseColorado uhlukanisa phakathi kokuheha nokunuka iphunga lesitshalo. Lezi zokugcina zibizwa ngama-insecticides emvelo. Le ndlela yokuvikela yayisetshenziswa abalimi ngesikhathi lapho kwakungekho zinambuzane. Izitshalo ezinambuzane zibandakanya: i-calendula, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi we-sedan, ubhontshisi wesihlahla, i-coriander, ugalikhi.
Okutshalwe emaphethelweni emibhede nangaphansi kwezihlahla ezihlukene, lezi zitshalo zivikela ngokuthembekile izitshalo zemifino ekuhlaselweni yiBhungane le-potato amazambane. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi izitshalo ezi-1-2 ngeke zikwazi ukuvikela isiko kwisilokazane.
Ukubeka amaqanda we-mabhungane we-potato weColorado.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvikela amakhemikhali
Imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo
Ukulungiswa kwebhayoloji kwenziwa ngesisekelo segciwane noma fungal. Azinangozi ezilwaneni ezinegazi ezifudumele futhi zilingana nobungozi kubantu. Imikhiqizo yemvelo i-Bitoxibacillin, i-Bicol, i-Colado, i-Fitoverm, i-Agrovertin, ne-Boverin ibhubhisa izibungu ezincane. Ukusebenza kahle kwale mishanguzo kuhlobene nezimo zesimo sezulu futhi kudinga ukufafazwa okuphindaphindiwe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20-25. Imithamo nendlela yokufaka isicelo ichazwe emaphaketheni nasezindaweni ezihambisanayo kwi-Intanethi.
Amakhemikhali
Kwamakhemikhali, i-Decis-Profi, Confidor, Commander, Corado, Aktara, Spark, Lightning nabanye bayasebenza. Ukulungiselela kusebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni kokutshala ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesibungu. Njengomthetho, le mishanguzo ingeka-hazard class 3-4, futhi udinga ukusebenza nabo ngokucophelela, ubheka zonke izindlela zokuzivikela. Ngokuqondene nemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, ukulungiswa kwezixazululo ezisebenzayo nezindlela zokusebenzisa kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe emaphaketheni nasezingosini ze-Intanethi ezihambisanayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezingamesabi ibhungane lamazambane leColorado
Ezitshalweni ezingadini, phakathi kwezinhlobo ezejwayelekile zamazambane, kuhlala kukhona izihlahla eziningana ezingagcinwa yiBhungane lamazambane leColorado. Njengomthetho, kula hlathi, iqabunga leqabunga liqinile, liqine, amaqabunga aqondiswa phezulu nge-angle eyingozi, futhi akhanyiswa ilanga usuku lonke. Shiya lezi ezihlahleni kumazambane embewu.
Kancane kancane, uthola izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezingamelana ne-bug kunasekuqaleni. Izihlahla ezigula kakhulu nezibuthakathaka ezinamaqabunga asakazeka ngokugqamile, alungele kakhulu ukubekela amaqanda, zithinteka yileli bhungane.
Isitshalo esidliwe izibungu zebhungane lamazambane leColorado.
Umsebenzi wokuzalela ukutshalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo eziphikisana nenkathazo waqala ngawo-90s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule eRussia Federation, Belarus, Ukraine. Njengamanje, abafuyi bezitshalo bahlongoze izinhlobo ezingamelana ne-100% kulaka lwebhungane lamazambane leColorado. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezilandelayo ezinikezwe yiBelarus ne-Ukraine: Ekuseni, eBryansk ethembekile, eLasunok, Kamensky, Orbit, Belorussky-3.
Ezinhlotsheni ze-Ural, i-Temp ne-Antizhuk zisemakethe. Zonke izinhlobo zihlukaniswa ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinwele ezilukhuni zezitho zemvelo zesihlahla kanye nokuhlelwa okufana ncamashi kwamaqabunga amaqabunga. Lesi sakhiwo sivimba inkathazo ekunikezeni amaqanda. Amazambane awadingi ukuvikelwa, ngoba ibhungane lamazambane leColorado alihlali kuwo.
Ekuthengisweni okuningi, ekutshaleni indawo enkulu yembewu, akwanele okwamanje, kepha izinhlobo esevele zitholakala kubalimi bezindlu zempahla zasehlobo. Ungathenga izinto zokutshala ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezitolo ezikwi-inthanethi zamasayithi akhethekile futhi ukhule unomphela wokudla okuyisisekelo ekhaya.
Ukusuka ezinhlotsheni ezihlongozwayo, naka izinhlobo ze-Morning. Kubonakaliswa ukubekezelela isomiso okuphezulu, akuthinteki ngokulimala sekwephuzile kanye nesibazi, futhi akunakufinyeleleka ngokuphelele kumabhungane amazambane aseColorado. Kwezinhlobo zokuqala, iLasunok ngumholi. Ukuhoxa okuphakeme, ukunambitheka okuhle kanye nokugcina ikhwalithi, kwakheka kuma-nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezi-12 ngesihlahla esi-1 esinesisindo esingu-100-200 g lilinye.
