Nemesia

I-Nemesia (Nemesia) imele umndeni wamaNorian. Uhlobo lolo lufanekiselwa izihlahlana kanye nezinto ezenziwa unyaka nonyaka, kanye nezitshalo ze-herbaceous zisetshenziswa. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50, kanti eziningi zazo zitholakala eNingizimu Afrika, izitshalo ezinjalo zithanda ukukhula ezindaweni ezisogwini nasezihlahleni. Le mbali iqanjwe ngegama likaNemesis - unkulunkulukazi wamaGrikhi ophindisela.

Izici zeNemesia

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla se-nemesia kungahluka kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.6 m. Phezu kwesihlume se-tetrahedral amahlumela kukhona kwesinye isikhathi i-pubescence. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziqu ziyagoba ngenxa yama-inflorescence asindayo futhi ahlelwe ngokuqinile amapuleti wamaqabunga we-lanceolate noma ukwakheka komugqa onqenqemeni olugxilisiwe. Kukhona inani elikhulu lezimbali ze-axillary, ezingaba zodwa noma zibe yingxenye yama-apical inflorescences. Ukwakheka kwezimbali kufaka umugqa weshubhu onemilenze yendlela ebunjwe ngayo izindebe: i-dicotyledonous engezansi, nephezulu - ezine-lobed. Izimbali zingapendwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Izithelo ziyibhokisi ngaphakathi lapho kunenqwaba yembewu emnyama yesimo sobude, etholakala ngezithombo ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo. Le mbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka emi-2.

Izinhlobo ze-nemesia ezitshalwa abalimi zombili zonyaka futhi zingapheli, kodwa ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo lesi sitshalo sikhula kuphela ngonyaka.

Ukukhula nemesia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ukuhlwanyela izithombo

I-Nemesia ingasatshalaliswa ngendlela yembewu, kanye nohlobo lwezitshalo: ukwahlukanisa isihlahla nokusikwa. Lapho uhlukanisa isihlahla, izimpande zalo ezinde zivame ukulimala kanzima, ngenxa yalokho, i-Delenki ayikabi kahle izimpande. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukusakaza isitshalo esinjalo ngembewu, noma kunalokho, sikhula ngezithombo.

Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo noma iqoqwe ngokuzimela. Ukuze izithombo zihlwanyelwe ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaMashi. Kulokhu, kusetshenziselwa iziqukathi zezithombo zezithombo, ezigcwele ingxube yomhlabathi ephuza umswakama eyenzelwe izitshalo zezimbali, isihlabathi esihlanganiswa ne-peat singasetshenziswa. Ingqimba yeqhwa ibekwa ngaphezulu kwe-substrate, lapho imbewu izodinga ukuhlwanyelwa khona. Iqiniso ukuthi bancane kakhulu futhi banombala omnyama, ngakho-ke ngemuva okumhlophe kulula kakhulu ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo. Isitsha kumele simbozwe ngefilimu noma ngengilazi futhi sisuswe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele (cishe ama-degree angama-20). Ungakhohlwa ukufaka umoya wezitshalo nsuku zonke. Izithombo zokuqala zingabonakala ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1.5-2.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Lapho izithombo ziqala ukubonakala kakhulu, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, nesitsha sizodinga ukuhanjiswa endaweni enokukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye okukhanyise ukukhanya, kulesi sigaba izitshalo zidinga ukupholisa kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-10 degrees. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, kuzokwazi ukugwema ukwelula izithombo. Ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, zidinga ukondliwa ngokunisela ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Nisela isitshalo njalo futhi ungakhohlwa ukukhulula ubuso be-substrate ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20-30 kusuka ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, lapho amaqabunga ayi-2 noma ama-3 eqiniso aqala ukwakha ezitshalweni, azodinga ukudonswa ezimbizeni noma izinkomishi ngazinye, kuyilapho izithombo zihlelwa kabusha endaweni enezinga lokushisa lomoya elingu-13 degrees. Inhlabathi esezinkomishini akufanele yome. Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ziqala isigamu senyanga ngaphambi kokuyifaka emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukukhula nemesia ekhaya

Njengomthetho, ezimweni zekamelweni kukhula kuphela izithombo ze-nemesia. Ngemuva kwalokho itshalwe enhlabathini evulekile, futhi uma ifiseleka, iziqukathi ezinezimbali zingahanjiswa kuvulandi noma iveranda. Ngingayihlobisa kanjani i-veranda, i-balcony noma ithala nge-Nemesia? Uma kwenzeka ungahlelanga ukutshala isitshalo esinjalo endaweni evulekile, khona-ke ungahlwanyela imbewu ngoFebhuwari. Hlwanyela imbewu futhi unakekele izitshalo kufanele zifane ncamashi nalapho kukhula izithombo. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokumba, izimbiza zezimbali noma iziqukathi zisetshenziswa esikhundleni sengilazi. Lapho kufudumala ngaphandle, i-nemesia idluliselwa ku-veranda, kuvulandi noma ithala.

Ukufaka iLemesia emhlabathini ovulekile

Isikhathi sokufika emhlabeni

Ukudlulisela izithombo enhlabathini evulekile kwenziwa kuphela uma kungekho kusongela kweqhwa lasebusuku, futhi inhlabathi izofudumala kahle. Njengomthetho, lesi sikhathi siwela ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaMeyi noma ezokuqala - kuJuni. Ngokutshala, kufanele ukhethe indawo enomoya omncane, okhanyiswe kahle, evulekile. Inhlabathi kumele ibe inomswakama, icwengekile kahle, i-acidic kancane noma ingathathi hlangothi. Ngokuqondene nokuzala kwenhlabathi, kufanele kube okuphakathi. Lesi sitshalo singatshalwa ku-penumbra encane yelanga.

Izici Zokufika

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala izithombo enhlabathini evulekile, kufanele ulungiselele izimbobo. Ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube bukhulu ukuze konke okuqukethwe ebhodweni (kokubili inhlama yobumba kanye nohlelo lwezimpande) kungenelele kuzo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ibanga le-0,2-0.3 m kufanele libukwe phakathi kwezihlahla, ngoba zingawa kancane. Lapho izitshalo sezitshaliwe bese izimbobo zivaliwe, indawo edinga ukuniselwa ayanele. Ngemuva kokuthi uketshezi selungene ngokuphelele enhlabathini, ingaphezulu laso luzodinga ukumbozwa ngohlaka lwe-mulch, lokhu kungavimba inhlabathi ukuthi isomile ngokweqile ngokushesha. Izimbali zesitshalo esinjalo zingabonakala ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJuni, noma ezokuqala - ngoJulayi.

Nakekela i-Nemesia

Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokunakekela i-nemesia. Ukwenza ama-bush ukuthi aqhakaze kakhulu, kufanele ucindezele ngokwezifiso iziqalo zawo. Kuyo yonke inkathi yesitshalo, lesi sitshalo kumele sinikezwe ukuthambisa okufika ngesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezomile, kanye nokususa okujwayelekile komhlabathi kanye nezihlahla zethu.

Ngesikhathi sonyaka, i-nemesia izodinga ukondliwa amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3, ngoba lokhu basebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, ngokwesibonelo, iKemira-Lux. Futhi, lesi sitshalo siphendula kahle kumanyolo ngamanyolo we-organic.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Njengoba isitshalo esinjalo sinama-hygrophilous, sivame ukuthinteka ezifweni fungal. Ukuze uvikele izifo ezinjalo ze-nemesis, kufanele kunikezwe ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ngenkathi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kumele lome ngokuphelele. Isibonelo esinesifo kufanele sifafazwe ngesisombululo sokulungiselela ukhunta.

Izikhala zesicabucabu eziphuza ujusi wezitshalo ezihlahleni zingahlala kulesi simila. Ungathola ukuthi isitshalo singenwa yibukhona bewebhu elincanyana futhi elinamathela kakhulu kuso, nangokuthi ngomise namapuleti amaqabunga afe. Uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo esihlahleni, bese usifafaza ngokushesha kanye nenhlabathi yenhlabathi ezungeze isixazululo se-Actellik, Fitoverm, Akarin noma Karate, ungasebenzisa namanye ama-acaricides.

Ngemuva kwezimbali

Ngemuva kokuthi igagasi lokuqala lezimbali lifinyelele esiphelweni, kuyadingeka ukusika iziphetho zeziqu, ngama-inflorescence aqothulayo akhiwe kuzo. Futhi uma unakekela kahle i-nemesis, maduze amahlumela amasha azokhula aqhamuke ezinhlamvwini zamaqabunga, oluzoqhakaza futhi.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-nemesia enezithombe namagama

Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-nemesia, kukhona lezo ezilungele ukuhlobisa ama-balcony, futhi kukhona nalezo okufanele zikhule endaweni evulekile. Okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi yilezi zinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ngezansi.

I-Fluffy Nemesia (Nemesia floribunda)

Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0.4. Eziqongweni zeziqu kukhona izimbali ezincane ezintekenteke ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lolu hlobo alusadumile kakhulu kwezolimo, kepha minyaka yonke lutholakala ezingadini kaningi.

I-nemesia enemibala eminingi (Nemesia versicolor)

Lo nyaka yizinhlobo zaseNingizimu Afrika. Amahlumela amancanyana, ahlwanyelwe kakhulu angafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angama-0.25. Izimbali zincanyana. Ngenxa yalesi sitshalo, inani elikhulu lama-nzalo lazalwa. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:

1. Inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umbala wezimbali uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ezindebeni kukhona ibala elimhlophe noma liphuzi.
2. Edelblau. Umbala wezimbali uyafana nokuthi ungangikhohlwa.

I-Goiter nemesia (Nemesia strumosa)

Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo esinamagatsha anamanzi ahlukahlukene kusuka ku-0,35 kuya ku-0.4 m.Amapuleti amaqabunga angenhla aqondile, kanti lawo ashubile angaphansi ayindilinga. Ukwakheka kwezimbali akuhambisani, zidumbile, azinasikhala futhi zinefiphisi eliphansi, zingu-2,5 cm.Zingadwetshwa ngopinki, ophuzi, obomvu noma owolintshi, izinhlobo ezinombala ohlukahlukene. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1892. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu:

1. I-Aurora. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0,3. Izimbali ezinkulu zinombala obomvu obomvana.
2. Impikiswano. Umbala wezimbali uphuzi no-ayisikhilimu.
3. Sparklernge Izimbali zinemibala emibili noma emithathu.
4. Inkosi yomlilo. Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-0.3 m, futhi sihlotshiswe ngezimbali zombala obomvu ovuthayo.
5. Nashinel Ensin. Uhlobo oluthandwa kahle lunombala omhlophe obomvu wezimbali.

I-Hybrid nemesia (Nemesia hybrida)

Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa yonke inzalo etholakala ngokuwela nemesia enemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nemesia esime-goiter. Imvamisa, ukuphakama kwezitshalo ezinjalo zonyaka akudluli kumamitha ayi-0,3-0,6. Kuphakanyisiwe, cishe amapuleti eqabunga lomgwaqo eceleni komuzi. Izimbali ezinkulu (ubukhulu ezingaba ngu-20 mm) ngezimbali ezingafani nezindebe ezinemilando emibili ziyingxenye yomabhulashi we-apex. Lolu hlobo ezitolo ezikhethekile lungathengwa, njengomthetho, kuphela ezingxubelekweni zokuhlukahluka, kuyilapho umehluko wazo oyinhloko ukuphakama kwezihlahla:

1. Ukunqoba. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0,15, izimbali zipendiwe ngemibala ehlukene.
2. I-Carnival. Amabhasi ekuphakameni afinyelela ku-0.18-0.2 m, umbala wama-inflorescences uhlukile.

Ungathenga nezinhlobo ngazinye, ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi:

1. Ingubo yenkosi (ukhadinali). Isithombo esiqhakaza izimbali sihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezinama-spurs amade, zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ingxenye ephakathi ye-corolla imhlophe, kanti umugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ugijimayo onqenqemeni lwamaphayini.
2. Tumbelin. Lokhu kuhluka okusha. Amabhasi anobude obungamamitha ayi-0,15 kuya ku-02 ahlotshiswe ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ububanzi bawo obungama-30 mm.

ISansatia (ampelous nemesia) iyi-interspecific triploid hybrid. Wazalwa ngonyaka ka-2009 ngenxa yabafuyi baseJalimane abawela imvelo yaminyaka yonke nezinhlobo zonyaka ze-nemesia. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingama-8 kuphela ze-ampel. Umbala wazo ufana nezithelo ezihlukile, ezibe nomthelela ekukhetheni kwamagama abo: Coconut, Blackberry, uphayinaphu, Cranberry, uLamula, Peach, Banana neMango. Kulokhu, izinhlobo kuphela zezinhlobo ezinkulukazi: Ukhukhunathi, uphayinaphu, uLamula, uBanana kanye noCranberry, ezinye izinhlobo zinemizila eqondile.