Umusa nightshade noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, i-solanum (I-Solanum) ihlobene ngqo nomndeni we-nightshade. Kulolu hlobo lobuhlobo, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1000, phakathi kwazo kukhona zombili izitshalo nezihlahla ezine-herbaceous, kanye nezihlahla. Zikhula esimweni sezulu esifudumele nesifudumele emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-nightshade ingavame ukutholakala kakhulu eNingizimu Melika, izwe le-isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi kanye namazambane.
Ekhaya, izidalwa ezimbalwa kuphela ezitshaliwe, ezibandakanya i-nightshade yamanga (i-Solanum pseudocapsicum). Lesi sitshalo sivela ezindaweni eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, okungukuthi: kusuka e-Ecuador, ePeru, kanye nesiqhingi saseMadeira. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, namuhla kungahlangatshezwana nenani elikhulu lamazwe, futhi e-Australia esikhathini esingamakhulu amaningi eminyaka kuye kwaba ukhula, okungelula kangako ukuluqothula, okuwukufakazelwa kokungathembeki kwalokhu kusondela.
Isitshalo esinjalo esihlala siqinile sinecompact futhi akuyona i-shrub ende kakhulu. Ezimweni zasendle, ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-100, ekhaya - okuncane okuncane. Amaqabunga ayo aluhlaza amnyama angama-lanceolate amnyama anemiphetho, kanye nama-petioles amafushane.
Izimbali zayo ezincane ezimhlophe ziqoqwa ezindaweni ezinkulu kakhulu ze-genemose inflorescence noma azishadile. Izimbali zingaqala noma iyiphi inyanga. Kodwa-ke, umhlobiso oyinhloko walesi sitshalo yizindebe zakhona. Izithelo ibheri ebunjiwe eyindilinga, ububanzi bayo bungasukela kusentimitha ayi-1 kuya kwayi-1.5. Zipendiwe ngombala onsomi obomvu noma o-orange ogcwele. Izithelo aziweli isikhathi eside, ngakho isihlahla "sihlotshisiwe" cishe bonke ubusika. Ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuhlala amajikijolo esihlahleni, i-nightshade kufanele ibekwe egumbini elipholile.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yizihlobo ezincanyana zalesi sitshalo sasekhaya. Ekuphakameni, azifiki amasentimitha angaphezu kwangama-30, futhi izihlahla zawo eziphukile zimbozwe inani elikhulu lamajikijolo. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba ekunakekelweni futhi singathengwa cishe kuzo zonke izitolo ezikhethekile. Imvamisa zithengiswa ebusika, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi lapho i-nightshade ingesinye sezitshalo ezimbalwa ezibukeka zimangalisa kakhulu.
Ingabe ukusondeza ekhaya kuyingozi?
Noma iyiphi ingxenye ye-nightshade inobuthi. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele udle amajikijolo. Zinambitha ezingathandeki, ezibabayo, kepha izingane ezincane zingazidla ngokufuna ukwazi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe ngeke badle inani elikhulu lalezi zithelo, ngokuqinisekile bayoba nokuhlukumezeka kokugaya ukudla. Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ingane yagwinya yonke ingane noma yayifaka enkambini yokuphefumula.
I-Indoor nightshade iyisitshalo esiyingozi, futhi ayiyalwa ukuthi siyikhulise efulethini lapho kunezingane ezincane, kungaba ngcono ukulinda zize zikhule.
Ukunakekela i-nightshade ekhaya
Ukukhanya
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya kakhulu futhi sihamba phambili uma sihlakazekile. Endaweni ene-shaded, inezimbali eziqhakaza kakhulu, futhi amahlumela akhe weluliwe, okuphumela ekulahlekelweni kokuhlobisa. Esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika, iwindi elisendaweni eseningizimu yekamelo limlungele. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli, i-nightshade kumele ifakwe umbala elangeni eliqonde ngqo. Ngenkathi efudumele, kunconywa ukuyidlulisela ku-veranda noma kuvulandi.
Imodi yokushisa
Ehlobo, uzizwa emuhle ngamazinga okushisa asekamelweni elijwayelekile. Alikubekezeleli ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu. Futhi futhi umehluko wokushisa ngesikhathi sasemini nasebusuku kuzoba wusizo kakhulu kuye (kufanele kupholile ebusuku). Ebusika, kunconywa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-12-15 degrees. Uma igumbi lipholile, khona-ke izithelo zizohlala isikhathi eside kumahlamvu. Ehlobo, i-nightshade kumele isuswe efasiteleni eliseningizimu, ngoba izoshisa kakhulu lapho.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu kanye nokuchelela okuhleleka okuhle okunenqwaba kuyadingeka. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube okulinganiselayo, kuyilapho kubanda igumbi, kuncipha lapho isitshalo siniselwa. Kodwa-ke, ukumiswa kokwehla kobumba akumele kuvunyelwe. Kunconywe ukufafazwa ngamanzi afudumele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze isitshalo siqhakaze kakhulu futhi sithele izithelo, sidinga izakhamzimba eziningi. Isitshalo sondliwa esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo isikhathi 1 kumaviki ama-2. Sebenzisa lomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ebusika, awukwazi ukufaka umquba inhlabathi noma uwondle kanye njalo emavikini ama-4 (ukusetshenziswa kufanele kube yingxenye ½ yomthamo onconyiwe).
Izihlahla
Ukuqothuka kubekezelela kahle. Futhi bakwenza ngemuva kokuba nightshade iyeke ukuthela izithelo, ukuze ingalahli umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Emavikini wokugcina ebusika, uvame ukubona ophuzi namaqabunga awayo. Inqubo efana nokuthena ithuthukisa kakhulu isimo sesitshalo. Qiniseka ukuthi ufinyeza isiqu esikhulu, ngoba lokhu kuzovusa ukukhula kwamagatsha we-lateral. Futhi kufanele uthinte iziphetho zabo.
Ukufakelwa
Kunconywa ukufakelwa kumaviki entwasahlobo yokuqala, ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula ngamandla. Inhlabathi kumele isetshenziswe umoya oxegayo, odlula kalula. Ungakhohlwa ngesendlalelo esihle sedonsa, esingaba nobumba olwandisiwe. Kuyadingeka ukuze uketshezi olwedlulele lungashiya imbiza ngokukhululekile. Okokuqala, isitshalo sihanjiswa cishe ngu-1/3, bese siyatshalwa enhlabathini entsha.
Lesi sitshalo asihlali isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele futhi ilahlekelwe ukuhlobisa kwayo. Ngakho-ke, abanye abalimi bayeluleka ukuthi bangafakeli i-nightshade, kodwa banciphise isiqu esithathwe kuyo.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Ingxube efanelekile yenhlabathi iqukethe umhlaba we-peat, isod kanye ne-humus, kanye nesihlabathi, esithathwe ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1: 2: 1.
Ukuthela izithelo
Kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokuqhakaza, kepha azikho amaqanda amajikijolo. Kuleso simo, uma lesi sitshalo sitholakala phakathi kokuqhakaza emgaqweni, khona-ke umoya omncane uyakwazi ukufaka izimbali zaso, udlulise impova. Ukusetshenziswa kwendlu kungadinga impova ngebhulashi elithambile.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Isikhala sesicabucabu singakwazi ukuhlala esihlahleni, kepha lokhu kuphela uma igumbi selomile kakhulu futhi lifudumele. Ukuyiqeda, kunconywa ukufeza i-spraying ehlelekile ye-nightshade, futhi izindawo ezithintekile kufanele zelashwe nge-ejenti ye-acaricidal.
Imvamisa izinambuzane eziyingozi zihlala esihlahleni ngenkathi zisemoyeni omusha. Ngakho-ke, e-aphid ehlobo kungaxazululeka. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, i-nightshade kumele iphathwe ngama-insecticides.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ungasakaza ngokusika noma imbewu.
Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa yodwa, ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo avuthiwe, kodwa imbiza yezimbali kufanele ibanzi impela. Izitshalo ezisencane ezisakhula zingathathelwa kumabhodwe ahlukene.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu eqoqwe kwenziwa entwasahlobo, bese kusetshenziswa umthamo obanzi kulokhu. Akufanele zingcwatshwe emhlabathini, kodwa zimane zisakazeke ebusweni bese zifafazwa ngesihlabathi kancane. Ukuze ukhule, faka ukushisa (degrees ezingama-20- 22) bese umboza ngefilimu.
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, i-nightshade ingasakazwa ngokusikwa. Ingxube yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ethathwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo isetshenziselwa ukubamba imbala. Mboza isitsha nge-foil. Esibayeni kufanele kube kusuka kumaqabunga amabili kuya kwayi-4. Ukuze wakhe isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi, udinga ukusika isitshalo kaningi ehlobo.
