Izikhathi ezithile, izitshalo ezintsha zasendlini ziyavela emizini yezakhithi esikanye nazo. Kodwa-ke, akwenzeki njalo ukuzisindisa, okuvame ukuzichaza ngokunakekelwa okungafanele. Ukukhula kwe-bromeliad ekhaya nakho akulula, ngoba inezimpawu zayo ezihambisana nokulima nokunakekelwa. Yize lesi sitshalo singasheshe, sidinga ukunakwa ngokwanele.
Beka i-bromeliad ekhaya lakho
Kuhle ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo ngaphakathi endlini lapho sigcinwa khona. umswakama ophakeme kakhulu. Umthetho oyinhloko okufanele wonke umtshali awukhohlwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyozizwa sihle kuphela uma umoya osegumbini unomswakama owanele. Ngokuqala kwehlobo, imbiza yezimbali ingagcinwa efasiteleni. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye udinga ukunakekela ukuvikelwa kwaso kokubhaliwe kanye nokukhanya okuqondile, okushiswa yilanga. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhulisa lesi sitshalo zakhiwa efasiteleni elisempumalanga. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimo ezingenhla zihlangatshezwa, i-bromeliad ingakhula kahle ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu.
Izidingo zenhlabathi
Noma ngabe uluhlobo luni lwe-bromeliad ozokhula ngalo efulethini lakho, udinga ukulitshala kuphela enhlabathini enobuhlalu nenobumba. Isitsha esilungisiwe sokukhula kufanele sibe nakho 1/3 ukukhishwa kwevolumu. Imvamisa, izingxube zezinhlabathi ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukukhulisa le mbali:
- 2 izingxenye zomhlaba wephepha;
- 1 ingxenye humus;
- 1 ingxenye Peat;
- Izingxenye ezingama-0.5 zesihlabathi.
Kwesinye isikhathi endaweni engaphansi Ungangeza ezinye izinto ezengeziwe:
- i-coniferous bark;
- ochotshoziwe we-sphagnum moss;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- namalahle.
Ukuze i-bromeliad izizwe imnandi efulethini, kuyadingeka ukuyakhela hhayi umbuso omuhle wokushisa kuphela, ahlinzeke umswakama omkhulukodwa futhi ulungiselele inhlabathi evundile. Uma sikhuluma nge-bromelias yama-vriesia ahlukahlukene, khona-ke ikhula kahle emhlabathini ngokuhlanganiswa okulandelayo:
- Izingxenye ezi-3 ze-sphagnum moss ezichotshoziwe;
- Ingxenye eyodwa yamagxolo kaphayini oqoshiwe;
- 1 ingxenye Peat;
- Ingxenye e-1 yomhlaba;
- Izingxenye ezingama-0.5 ezomile mullein.
Ukhuphula ukuzala kwenhlabathi, ungenza okuncane i-perlite nezingcezu zamalahle.
Ukushisa komoya nomswakama
Lapho ukhula nge-bromeliad, kuyadingeka ukuligcina izinga lokushisa lingama-25 degrees. Lapho isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza noma singena esimweni esishisayo, izinga lokushisa lehliselwa ukuba ngama-18 degrees. Noma kunjalo, akufanele iwele ngaphansi kophawu lwama-+ 12 degrees. Kuyadingeka futhi ukunaka umswakama: izimo ezithandwa kakhulu zezitshalo zenziwa uma ngabe le nkomba ingu-70%.
Ngokwesimo sefulethi ledolobha, kuvame kakhulu ukungakwazi ukubekezelela amaphesenti anjalo. Ngakho-ke, umswakama uvunyelwe ngephutha elincane - ezingeni lama-60%. Ukuqinisekisa leli phesenti lomswakama, umnikazi kufanele enze umzamo omkhulu. Uma siphendukela ekuhlangenwe nakho kwabalimi, indlela elula yokuxazulula le nkinga ngezinceku ezisendlini. Enye indlela yokuxazulula ukufaka isitsha esigcwaliswe ngobumba olunwetshiwe noma ngesimila esimanzi eduze nembali.
Ukunisela okufanele
Noma ngabe zinhlobonhlobo ze-bromeliad, ezitshalwe ekhaya, kumele zinikezwe umswakama owenele. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukunquma kahle isilinganiso sokunisela. Ekuxazululeni lolu daba, okuningi kuncike ohlelweni lwezimbali. Isici sesitshalo ukuthi izimpande azikwazi ukumunca amanzi angena emhlabathini. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuthambisa okulungile kwe-bromeliad kufaka ukunikezwa komswakama ngokuqinile ekuphumeni kusuka emaqabunga awo. Udinga futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ngokohlelo olufanayo, umanyolo kumele wenziwe.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi lokho asikho isidingo sokunisela i-substratelapho kukhula khona imbali. Lokhu kungenye yemisebenzi yokuphoqelela okufanele yenziwe ngesikhathi sokutshala i-bromeliad. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abatshali bezimbali batusa ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi athambile lapha.
Lapho usebenzisa i-sprayer, ukugqoka okudingekayo kufakwa kuyo kanye namanzi, okunikeza imbali izakhi. Futhi, ngesikhathi sokunisela, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi udinga ukuqapha inhlanzeko yokuphuma. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Ungatshala kanjani i-bromeliad?
Izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo zithinteka kabi ngokudlulela. Ngokuyinhloko, le mbali ingahle yenze ngaphandle kwayo, ngoba imvamisa imane iholele ekulimaleni esitshalweni. Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ukuthola isihlahla esisha se-bromeliad,-ke njengendwangu yokusabalalisa sebenzisa amahlumelaukwakha ezansi. Izithombo ezincane zinezimpande ezinhle uma zinikezwa inani elifanele lokushisa nomswakama.
Ukulungiselela
Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kufanele kugwenywe uma kungenzeka, kungcono uma umlimi esebenzisa amahlumela amancane ukusabalalisa isitshalo. Kulokhu, kuzofanela ulungiselele ingxube ekhethekile yenhlabathi, okufanele ifake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- inhlabathi yama-orchid;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi.
Kakhulu Kubalulekile ukugcina inani elilungile: zonke izakhi kufanele zithathwe ngamanani alinganayo, zixutshaniswe kahle ukuze zithole isisindo esiningi.
Njengoba sesilungisile isigatshana sokutshala amahlumela amasha, kuyadingeka ukuthola isitsha esifanele, okufanele sibe ngosayizi abanele. Ngaphansi kwaso kumele kugcwaliswe obhandayo obandisiwe noma obomiswe ngotshani, emva kwalokho inhlabathi ibekwe phezu kwabo.
Inqubo yokufakelwa
Umzuzu ofanele wokuhlukanisa ihlumela kusuka ezimbali zomzali yisigaba sokuthuthuka, lapho ihlumela liba nobude okungenani obu-1/3 bosayizi bomzali. Isithombo kumele singcwatshwe enhlabathini ngamasentimitha amabili - (2) kuze kube lapho uhlelo lwezimpande lwakhiwe, ihlumela kufanele likhule ebhodweni ngokuxhaswa, okungaba eyenziwe ngetshe noma isikhonkwane sokhuni.
Kulesi sigaba, banakekela izithombo ngendlela efanayo nasendaweni yesitshalo esidala. Uma uhlangabezana nama-bromeliads abantu abadala efulethini ledolobha, khona-ke ungathola isihlahla kusuka ekuhlolweni okuncane ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ungakufeza kanjani ukuqhuma kwe-bromeliad?
Hhayi njalo, noma ngabe uyinakekela kahle i-bromeliad, ungafinyelela ukuqhakaza kwayo. Lesi sitshalo singathokozisa umlimi ngezimbali kuphela uma ezazi ezinye zezimpawu futhi uzowunaka uma ukhula. Noma ngabe ukhula le imbali embizeni evamile, izimbali zayo ngeke zehluka kakhulu kulezo zihlobo ezikhula endle.
Izici eziyimpumelelo eziphambili zihlobene nokugcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo, kufanele ube ku + 21C. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehla kokushisa okufika ku-18 degrees kuvunyelwe, noma kunjalo, kungakuhle ukuthi ungakuvumeli lokhu, ngoba lokhu kusithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo. Imbali ithola ukucindezelwa kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa legumbi lehla laya ku + 12 degrees.
Imvamisa, ingxube ye-bromeliad iqala ukuqhakaza ehlobo. Kodwa-ke, ngendlela efanelekile yokukhulisa le mbali, le nqubo ingasheshiswa. Futhi ngalokhu, ngeke kudinge ukwandisa ukunaka kwesitshalo ngesikhathi sokutshala kwaso ekhaya. Yonke into ikakhulukazi lesi sitshalo: endle, esigabeni sokuvuthwa, izithelo zikhiqiza i-ethylene, engadala ukwakheka kwezimbali.
Lolu lwazi lungasetshenziswa kanjani? Okokuqala, sidinga ubhanana ongavuthiwe. Zidinga ukubekwa eduze kwembiza nge-bromeliad, ngemuva kwalokhu lo mklamo kudingeka ube kahle bopha esikhwameni sepulasitiki. Kungekudala uzobona ukuthi imbali yakho iqala kanjani ukuqhakaza ngaphambili kunokujwayelekile.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane
Uma ungalandeli imithetho yokunakekela imbali ye-bromeliad, khona-ke ungalindela ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi kungathinteka ukugula okukhulu. Iningi lazo libangelwa izimuncagazi, okuthi, uma sekuyimbali, zenze imisebenzi yokuqeda isitshalo.
Ingozi enkulu bromeliad ama-mealybugs nezinambuzane zesikali. Ukulimala kokugcina kubangelwa ukuthi badla ujusi, otholakala ngeziqu namaqabunga. Ngasikhathi sinye, emva kwabo, kusala uketshezi, oludala izimo ezinhle zokuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta. Azikho izinkinga eziphansi lapho kuvela indlala yegilo ethinta i-bromeliad. Ukususa lezi zinambuzane, kufanele ziqoqwe ngesandla. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amaqabunga esitshalo adinga ukwelashwa ngesixazululo sensipho, futhi ukuqedwa kwenziwa ngokufafaza ngesixazululo sogwayi.
Kodwa-ke, ukucutshungulwa okunjalo akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lezi zinambuzane ngeke zivele ezimbalini. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezithathiwe, kubalulekile ukubheka njalo isimo sezitshalo. Izinyathelo zokulawula i-mealybug zibandakanya ukuqoqwa kwayo, okwenziwa ngesandla. Izitshalo ezilandelayo ziyadingeka inqubo nesixazululo sensipho eluhlaza. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu ungatholakala kuphela uma lo msebenzi wenziwa nokuphindwaphindwa kathathu. Lokhu kunikeza ukuqiniseka ukuthi ezinyangeni ezizayo, i-bromeliad ngeke iphinde ithintwe yilesi sinambuzane.
Isiphetho
Ukukhula kwe-bromeliad ekhaya akulula kangako, futhi nabalimi abanolwazi abakwazi ukuhlala bebhekene nalo msebenzi. Iqiniso ngukuthi linezici ezithile ezihambisana nokulima nokunakekelwa. Ukunakwa kwesitshalo kumele kuboniswe kusukela ekuqaleni, ngoba ngakho akudingeki nje kuphela ukulungiselela umhlabathi ukwakheka okufanelekile, kodwa futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wakhe izimo ezinhle zokuthuthuka. Ukunakekelwa kahle kwe-bromeliad kusho ukuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho ingafa ngokushesha.
