IHoneysuckle ingelinye lamajikijolo afiswa kakhulu enyakatho. Phakathi kwazo zonke izilimo zezithelo, ungowokuqala. Ivula amasonto ambalwa ngaphambili kunama-sitrobheli, futhi idlule kokuqukethwe kokuqukethwe kwezakhi zomzimba. IHoneysuckle ihlobisa kakhulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokwesimo semvelo, ikhula emithambekeni yezintaba ezindaweni ezingamatshe zamatshe, nasemifudlaneni, futhi ihlala kalula ezihlahleni ezixubile. Akesabi ama-peat bogs, umswakama onamahloni futhi onobuningi bawo.
IHoneysuckle iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma iHoneysuckle iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Lonicera caerulea).
IHoneysuckle ingeyamalungu omndeni iHoneysuckle, lapho iHoneysuckle, ehlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba yikhulu, ihlukaniswe kuhlobo oluhlukile. I-honeysuckle yangempela engabonakali (i-Lonicera xylosteum) ithathwa njengemelela izinhlobo zezinto ezikhula zasendle. Kubizwa nangokuthi ihlathi noma i-honeysuckle ejwayelekile. Uhlobo oluklanyelwe lwe-honeysuckle yi-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma i-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Lonicera caerulea).
Yini i-honeysuckle ekhangayo?
- IHoneysuckle ayifinyeleli ezimeni ezikhulayo futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Omunye wabamele "ingadi evilaphayo."
- Isitshalo sokuqala sensimu ngezithelo ezidliwayo.
- Yisitshalo soju esihle kakhulu. Izimbali ziqukethe umpe omningi nempova.
- IHoneysuckle ihlukile ezimeni zayo zokuphulukisa. Izithelo ze-honeysuckle ezidliwayo ziqukethe u-85% we-Vitamin C, obaluleke kakhulu enyakatho, izinto zomsebenzi we-P-vitamin, kufaka phakathi i-isocverticin, i-querticin, i-luteolin, i-rutin nabanye. Ngokwesisekelo se-querticin emithini esemthethweni, kukhiqizwa isidakamizwa owaziwa ngeCapilar - njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwama-capillaries.
Amajikijolo e-Honeysuckle abonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto ezisebenzayo ekwelapheni ukuvuvukala namakhaza njenge-antipyretic, ezimweni ezinamandla amakhulu.
Amajikijolo weHoneysuckle asetshenziswa ekuphekeni: ama-compotes, amazambane abunjiwe, ujeli. Ihlukile ngokokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu kanye nokuqukethwe kwezakhamzimba, i-jam eluhlaza.
Ama-decoctions kanye ne-infusions yezimbali, amaqabunga, amagxolo e-honeysuckle asetshenziswa emithini yesintu njenge-ejenti elwa ne-malarial kanye ne-anti-scurvy, i-diuretic, i-astringent, evusa umgudu wesisu, kanye ne-antiseptic.
IHoneysuckle isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwengadi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Izinkuni eziphuzi ezinhle zisetshenziswa izingcweti kwezamakhambi ahlukahlukene.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-honeysuckle emvelweni
Izindawo ezinkulu zokwabiwa kwe-honeysuckle ezweni lethu yi-Eastern Siberia, iFar East, izindawo ezisenyakatho yengxenye yaseYurophu esifundeni iLeningrad, i-Urals, iCentral Black Earth kanye neMiddle Middle Zones, iMoscow kanye neSifunda saseMoscow.
IHoneysuckle isitshalo esisenyakatho. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa ifinyelela e-Arctic. Akukhathaleli ukuthi iqhwa linjani, kepha lithinta kanzulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi ikakhulukazi kubusika obusika. Ngakho-ke, ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yeRussia, e-Ukraine, Moldova nakwezinye izindawo ezifudumele, i-honeysuckle ikhula buthaka, ikhula kabi. Lezi zimo zezulu azimhambeli. Ngakho-ke igama labazalisi.
Izimbali zeHoneysuckle.
Incazelo ye-botanical ye-honeysuckle
Ezinhlotsheni eziningana ze-honeysuckle ezikhula endaweni ye-Russian Federation kanye ne-CIS, eyodwa kuphela edliwayo - honeysuckle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma i-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (I-Lonicera caerulea).
Kaningi emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ungathola izethenjwa ze-honeysuckle ezidliwayo, i-Turchaninov honeysuckle, Kamchatka honeysuckle, Altai honeysuckle njengezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje kunembile kakhulu ukubabheka njengezinkomba noma izifanekisizinda ze-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ovela embobeni we-waxy, izithelo ze-honeysuckle zimnandi impela (zifana nama-blueberries). Kubalimi be-amateur, le ndlela ye-honeysuckle isetshenziswa kabanzi kusiko. Enyakatho, lokhu ukwelashwa okusheshayo nokwamukelekayo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Amajikijolo aseHoneysuckle avuthwa engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni.
I-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka isho izihlahlana ezinamandla, ukuphakama kwawo okuvame ukwedlula amamitha ayi-1,0-1,5.
Isistimu yezimpande ye-honeysuckle iyinduku, iqhume. Izimpande zikhula ziye ezinhlangothini ziye ku-0,6 m, ngakho-ke izihlahla zitshalelwa kude okungenani ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Ubuningi bezimpande buvele kungqimba lomhlabathi olungama-60-80 cm.
Amahlumela amasha we-honeysuckle angama-pubescent, ezindaweni ezine-blue-violet hue. Iziqu ezindala zimbozwe ngamagxolo aphuzi ansundu kalula. Ubukhulu bamagatsha amadala ngu-3-4 cm.
Amaqabunga e-Honeysuckle alula, aphakama. Ama-petioles amafushane aqanjwe ngama-stipule ayindilinga. Amahlamvu amaqabunga oblong-lanceolate, ama-pubescent, ama-pubescence amadala ngokuvamile alahlekelwa. Umqhele uvame ukwakhiwa uzungezwe, ihlathi elihlanganisiwe.
Izimbali zeHoneysuckle zincane, amacembe e-corolla aphuzi, ngemithunzi ehlukene. Izimbali zinombala obunjiwe njengotshani, zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, inani labo liyahlukahluka lisuka ku-2-x-4 liye ku-5 eqoqweni elilodwa. Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi nangoJuni izithelo zokuqala zivuthwe.
Izithelo ze-honeysuckle zimnyama ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokuqhakaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuhlanganiswe ngesimo kufika ku-9-12 mm. Ukuvula kabusha kuhamba kancane. I-pulp yezithelo enamanzi, ebomvu-i-violet ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene, ngenani elikhulu lejusi elimnandi nelinoshukela.
Imbewu yeHoneysuckle incane, ifinyelela ku-2 mm, ngombala onsundu ngombala.
I-Bush ye-Blue Kamchatka honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Lonicera caerulea var. Kamtschatica).
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-honeysuckle zokutshala kwehlobo
Ukuzalela akukumi, futhi eminyakeni yamuva, abafuyi bezitshalo banikeze izinhlobo ezithembisayo ze-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ezinhlotsheni ze-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezweni noma endaweni yendlu, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zinganconywa.
Ezindaweni ezinamakhaza ehlobo nokubanda kakhulu eqandeni, izinhlobo ze-honeysuckle ziyafaneleka: I-Morena, i-Blue spindle, i-Amphora, i-Titmouse, i-Pavlovskaya, i-Nymph, i-Leningrad giant.
Kuzo zonke izifunda, kufaka phakathi okungenhla, ukuvuna okuhle kwakhiwa ngezinhlobo ze-honeysuckle: Gourmet, Early, Altai, Sineglazka, Tomichka, Vasyugan, Kamchadalka, Cinderella, Bluebird nabanye.
Uhlobo olukhiqiza kakhulu i-honeysuckle Gourmet. Kufika kuma-3 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe, amakha angakhishwa esihlahleni esisodwa esidala. Isihlahla siphansi, sifinyelela ku-1.5 m, sibumbene.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-honeysuckle zinezithelo ezifanayo. Amphora ngesilinganiso sokuvuthwa esijwayelekile, amajikijolo awaboli.
Ukulima uHoneysuckle kubekwe endaweni yesibili ekukhiqizeni Isigaxa esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kwakheka kufinyelela kuma-2 kg esihlahleni sezithelo, ukunambitheka okumuncu-okumnandi ngentukuthelo emnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo zide.
Morena - Ibanga lokuqala le-honeysuckle. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kufana nokwehluka kwe-Blue Spindle. Kepha kuyehluka ngobukhulu bomsithelo, iphunga elimnandi. Ukukhiqiza kungaphakathi, kuze kufike ku-1 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye.
Isithelo esifanayo sakha izinhlobonhlobo Inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izithelo ezine-astringency ebizwayo, kepha inyama ngokumangazayo inomusa, iyancibilika.
Honeysuckle ahlukahlukene Nymph ukuvuthwa okumaphakathi. Ingasetshenziswa njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa esinamajikijolo adliwayo. Isihlahla esikhula isikhathi eside esinomqhele o-oval oyisisekelo, amaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza agqamile agqokwa ngokutshala kwethipeworm nezindlela ezisondelene, uthango. Amajikijolo amnandi futhi amuncu, anesiyezi, izimbali ezimpunga ezimnyama kanye namathunzi.
IHoneysuckle bush esitsheni sokufika.
Ungatshala kanjani honeysuckle edliwayo ezweni?
Ukukhetha isiza sokufika kwe-honeysuckle
I-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iphezulu kakhulu. Isisindo semifino imelana neqhwa lifinyelela ku-50 ° C, futhi izimpande ziye kufinyelela -40 ° C. Ama-Buds, izimbali kanye namaqanda amancane akulahli ukusebenza ku--8 ° C. Ngasikhathi sinye, izihlahla ze-honeysuckle zibekwa kahle ezindaweni ezinelanga, imigqa iqondiswa ngendlela yokuthi isikhathi esiningi sokukhanya sesitshalo sikhanyiswe yilanga.
I-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka izokhula emthunzini, kepha isivuno nokunambitheka kwezithelo kuzokwehla. Isiko alwesabi imimoya, ngakho endaweni evulekile yelanga ingatshalwa kusuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho.
IHoneysuckle isitshalo esimbozwe impova, ngakho-ke kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo ezihlukene ezi-3-4 eduzane, ezihambisana nesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Isilinganiso se-honeysuckle ezimeni zenhlabathi
Uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-honeysuckle alubekezeleli amanzi amile futhi akhiwe eduze komhlaba. Izimpande ziyabola futhi zishabalale. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-honeysuckle yi-hygroscopic futhi idinga ukuthambisa. Zizwa kahle ezifundeni ezinomswakama omkhulu. Emhlabathini wenhlabathi, uyafa kancane.
Inhlabathi enhle kakhulu ye-honeysuckle iyizinto ezitholwa nge-humus noma ngomquba ovuthiwe. Ikhula kahle kwenye inhlabathi, kepha idinga ukukhulisa okwanele ngamanyolo we-organic.
Isikhathi sokufika kwe-honeysuckle emhlabathini
Izithombo ezithengisiwe noma ezinezimbali ze-honeysuckle zitshalwa kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Novemba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqala kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuphumula (ukuphela kukaJulayi) kanye nokuphaphama kokuqala kokumila okulandelayo (Mashi). Kwezinye izindawo ngaphambi kokuqala kwentwasahlobo engenawo amaqhwa, kungenzeka ukutshala izithombo ze-honeysuckle entwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ngokudluliselwa. Kepha kusukela ngoMashi 10-15, kungcono ukungazifaki engozini.
Engxenyeni yesibili kaMashi, isikhathi sokuphumula se-honeysuckle siyaphela. Izinso ziqala ukuvuvukala futhi noma yiziphi izenzo ngokufakelwa noma zokutshala zizobangela ingcindezi. Izitshalo zizoqala ukulimaza, zingabi nezimpande. Uma indawo incane futhi kungekho ndawo yamahhala, ungatshala i-honeysuckle eduze kwe-currant emnyama ku-berry.
Ukutshala kwe-honeysuckleUkutshala kwe-Honeysuckle
Ukutshala imigodi ye-honeysuckle kumbiwa kuze kube ngosayizi wezimpande, kepha kungabi ngaphansi kwama-40x40x40 cm. Lokhu kudingeka kakhulu enhlabathini enesihlabathi neyaphela amandla. I-Drainage ibekwe ezansi komgodi, ingxenye yengxube yenhlabathi elungisiwe equkethe ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi, kukhululwe amabhakede ama-2 we-humus noma umquba ngaphezulu kwawo, engeza ilitha elilodwa lomlotha no-60-70 g we-superphosphate. I-ash ingafakwa esikhundleni se-can litre engu-0.5 litre ye dolomite noma ushoko. Esikhundleni se-superphosphate, ama-ammophos angangezwa ngethamo elifanayo.
Ingxube yenhlabathi emgodini ithululelwa ngebhakede lamanzi. Isithombo se-honeysuckle sibekwa endundumeni enkabeni, sisakaze izimpande bese silele ngenhlanganisela esele yenhlabathi, gobela kancane ukuze inhlabathi ihambisane nezimpande. Uhlangothi lubekwa eceleni komphetho womgodi wokufika (ukuzungeza kwawo), kuthelelwa elinye ibhakede lamanzi, bese kuthi emva kokugcotshwa, lifakwe umquba nge-humus. Lapho utshala, intambo yezimpande ye-honeysuckle ayinakujula. Akazakhi izingane. Uma ijule ngo-4-5 cm (akusekho), khona-ke izimpande ezingeziwe zizoqala ukwakha kusuka entanjeni yezimpande kuye phansi.
Ukunaka! Lapho utshala, izithombo ze-honeysuckle azidingi ukusikwa futhi zifinyezwe. Lokhu kuzobambezela ukuqala kokuzala. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyakwazi ukwakha isivuno sokuqala ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukunakekelwa kweHoneysuckle
Ukunakekelwa kufaka lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zezolimo: ukunisela, ukugqoka phezulu, ukugawula, ukhula, ukuvikelwa ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
Ukunisela honeysuckle
Eminyakeni yokuqala engama-2-3, kuthathwa kuphela ukususwa kanye nokhula. Ukuchelela kwenziwa ukuze inhlabathi imanzi, kepha ingamanzi. Inhlama yomhlaba kufanele idilike, futhi ingahlali iyinqwaba.
I-Honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma i-Honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Lonicera caerulea)Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Honeysuckle
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala ngonyaka wesithathu wempilo yesiko. IHoneysuckle ayithandi umanyolo wamaminerali. Ngakho-ke, i-nitrogen inikezwa kuphela ukuthambisa kokuqala, ukuncibilika ebhakedeni lamanzi i-25-30 g ye-ammonium nitrate noma i-urea (ngokoqobo eqhweni elincibilikayo).
Esigabeni sokuqunjelwa, baletha ngaphansi kwesihlahla sehoneysuckle ngaphezulu kwebhakede le-humus, umquba, nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ukugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu kwethulwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, okuhle kunakho konke, izingilazi ezi-2 zomlotha ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma i-microelement set.
Ukuthenwa kweHoneysuckle
Eminyakeni engu-3 yokuqala, izihlahla azenziwa. Kusukela eminyakeni emi-3 yobudala, ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kwenziwa minyaka yonke lapho isivuno siphumula. Kungcono ukwenza ukuthuthwa kwendle kwe-honeysuckle ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Susa amagatsha omile, agulayo, onesifo, futhi agobile akhula ngaphakathi esihlahleni. Ungakapheli iminyaka engu-6-7, isihlahla sikhula ngamahlumela amasha.
Kusuka eminyakeni engaba ngu-6 ubudala, amagatsha amadala angu-1-2 (inyumba) asuswa minyaka yonke emhlabathini uqobo bese kuthi amahlumela amancanyana ayi-1-3. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuhlinzwa kuyaphindwa, futhi ngeminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengama-30 isihlahla singaphinde senziwe kabusha.
Ukuzalela kweHoneysuckle
Njengazo zonke izitshalo ze-berry, i-honeysuckle isatshalwa ngembewu nangokushunqulwa ngemisiko, ihlukanisa isihlahla futhi kaningi ngokulinganisa. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emsebenzini wokuzalela noma ukuthola izinto zokutshala zezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ze-honeysuckle.
Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla i-honeysuckle isatshalaliswa cishe ngeminyaka engama-7-8 ubudala, inquma isihlahla esidlule esinezimbali ngembazo. Ukuqhekeka ngakunye kumele kube nezimpande, amagatsha amadala wesikhumba esidala kanye namahlumela amabili amancanyana. E-Delenki, izihlahla zamagatsha zenziwa ngendlela ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30-45 futhi ngokushesha zitshalwe emgodini wokufika oyilungiselelwe.
Ukusakazeka okusebenzayo kakhulu kwe-honeysuckle ukusikwa (oku-lignified, luhlaza futhi kuhlanganiswe).
Izinhlobo ezisikiwe ama-honeysuckle avunwa kumagatsha waminyaka yonke anobubanzi obuyi-7-8 mm. Ukusika ukusika 15-18 cm ubude kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi. Izilimo zitshalwa embhedeni noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Etshalwe embhedeni lapho umhlabathi uncibilika. Tshala Ngokuthembekile ku-greenhouse. Ama-cuttings angcwatshwa ukuze ama-buds angu-2 aphezulu aqhubeke ngenhla komhlaba. Ukufakelwa embozwe ifilimu. Umhlabathi ugcinwa umswakama. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-28- 35, izimpande ziyavela kuma-cutways.
IHoneysuckle inganqunywa ukusikwa okuhlangene. Ukusika kwezithombo ezinjalo kwenziwa ngoMeyi (ngokushesha ngemuva kwezimbali). Ukudutshulwa konyaka waminyaka yonke okukhona kanye namahlumela we-lateral wonyaka wamanje kukhethiwe ukusikwa. Ngemuva kwalokho igatsha le-honeysuckle lihlukaniswe izingxenye ukuze ihlumela ngalinye lonyaka libe nesithende (ucezu) lwegatsha lanyakenye.
Lezi zisikwe zitshalwe embhedeni. Bangcwatshwa kahle, ngamasentimitha angama-3-5. Isembozo esiphezulu ngefilimu elikhanyayo, sinisela kathathu ngosuku. Futha ngesifutho esihle. Izinhla zezihlumela zizoqala ukukhula ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2 nokwakhiwa kwezimpande esithendeni kuzoqala ngasikhathi sinye.
Ama-cuttings aluhlaza ama-honeysuckle anqunywa kusuka amahlumela aluhlaza konyaka wamanje ekuqaleni kukaJuni, noma kunalokho, ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwezithelo. Ubude bezinsika bungama-12-15 cm, obukhulu obungu-0.5-0.7 mm noma obukhulu obukhulu ngepensela. I-Rooting yenziwa enhlabathini, kanye nokugcwala. Inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama.
Zonke izingcezu ze-honeysuckle ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele zigcinwe okungenani ihora kusixazululo sezimpande, i-heteroauxin noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezifaka isandla ekunciphiseni kwe-cuttings okusheshayo. Izithombo ezisikiwe zitshala ukuwa okulandelayo, kanjalo nezithombo.
Umhlabathi ongaphansi kwezithombo ezicijile ze-honeysuckle kufanele ube nomswakama njalo. Izithombo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovundisiwe. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo we-AVA, umlotha noma okhethekile ngezithombo zezimbali.
I-Honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma i-Honeysuckle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Lonicera caerulea)Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane kweHoneysuckle
IHoneysuckle empeleni ayiguli, kepha ivame ukuthintwa yizinambuzane ezi-aphid, i-scmaellum yama-comma, izibungu kanye namacimbi. Njengoba i-honeysuckle yakha isivuno ngesikhathi esifushane, akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ukuvikela izitshalo. Ama-bioinsecticides angasetshenziswa angazilimazi izitshalo futhi azinangozi ngokuphelele kubantu nasezilwaneni. Emikhiqizweni yezinto eziphilayo enconyiwe, evame kakhulu yi-verticillin, i-bicol, i-bitoxibacillin.
Kwesinye isikhathi i-Powdery isikhutha ivela emagatsheni e-honeysuckle, engasuswa kalula ngokwelashwa ngesisombululo se-biofungicide phytosporin noma enye.
