Ukutshala i-Alstroemeria kanye nokunakekela insimu evulekile Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zezithombo Izithombe zezimbali

I-Alstroemeria ekutshalweni komhlaba nokunakekelwa okuvulekile

I-Alstroemeria noma i-alstroemeria (isiLatini i-Alstroemeria) isitshalo saseNingizimu Melika esinezimbali ezingama-rhizomatous-tuberous herbaceous somndeni we-Alstroemeria. IFine Alstroemeria ibizwa nangokuthi i-Inca Lily noma i-Peruvian Lily. Ngokubukeka, ifana ngempela iminduze nemibala yosuku. Iziqu ze-alstroemeria ziqondile, zihlangene. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-0.5-2 m. Amaqabunga amaqabunga angundilinga, onqenqemeni lonke, ahlelwe ngokuhlukile, abonakala ngokuphindwaphindwa (amaqabunga amaqabunga asontelana ngamadigri ayi-180).

I-Alstroemeria iqhakaza inhle kakhulu, igqamile. Uhlobo lwe-inflorescence ku-botany lubizwa ngokuthi yi-zygomorph. Ama-corollas anobubanzi obungafika ku-5 cm, aqoqwe kuma-inflorescence ama-umbrella wezingcezu eziyi-10-25. Izimbali zingenalo iphunga (uhlangothi oluhle lwabagula yi-allergy nabantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela iphunga eliqinile), kodwa babe nemibala ekhanyayo. Umthunzi wamaphalishi ungaba ophuzi, opinki, obomvu, omhlophe qhwa, kukhona amachashaza namabala kuwo.

Izimbali zobuhle obumangalisayo zithandwa kakhulu e-floristry (ngale njongo, i-alstroemeria ikhule ngesilinganiso sezimboni), isinda kahle ezimweni zasekamelweni, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele iyoba ngumhlobiso omuhle wensimu ehlobo lonke.

Lapho I-Alstroemeria iqhakaza

Lapho isikhule ngaphakathi ezindlini, i-Alstroemeria izokujabulela ukuqhakaza kabili ngonyaka.

Ngemuva kokutshala i-alstroemeria emhlabathini ovulekile, izimbali zokuqala zingabonakala ngomhla ka-15 kuJuni, okungajwayelekile ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ukuqhakaza okuhle okugcwele kuzohlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili.

Ukukhula i-alstroemeria kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

I-Alstroemeria imbewu isithombe

Ukutshala nini

Siyoqhuma nini lesi sitshalo? I-Alstroemeria ekhulwe ezinhlanyelweni izokujabulela ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wayo wesithathu wokukhula. Enhlabathini evulekile, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, izithombo - ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Lapho ukhula ezitshalweni, uzothola izitshalo ezisebenziseka kangcono.

Ungazikhulisa kanjani izithombo

Izithombo zesithombe se-Alstroemeria

Imbewu kumele zihlukaniswe kuqala. Zigcine emazingeni okushisa angama-0-2 ° C izinyanga eziyi-1-2 (isigaba semifino esiqandisini sikulungele lokhu).

Kuzithombo ezikhulayo, iziqukathi ezinenhlabathi evulekile zizodingeka.
Sebenzisa i-substrate yendawo yonke ukuthola izithombo ezikhulayo noma ingxube yenhlabathi enezingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi enamahlamvu kanye nengxenye eyodwa ye-turf.
Ububanzi bokubekwa kwembewu ngu-1 cm. Hlwanyela imbewu, ufafaze ingaphezulu kwenhlabathi kusuka ohlakazeke kahle, ukumboza isivuno ngengilazi noma ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa.
Nikeza ukukhanya okukhona nomoya okushisa komoya phakathi kuka-18-22 ° C.

Phakamisa indawo yokukhosela nsuku zonke ukuze ususe ukunqunyelwa, futhi lapho kufika amahlumela, susa indawo yokuhlala ngokuphelele. Gcina umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angempela, batshale ezitsheni ezihlukile.

I-Alstroemeria yisithombo ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwe ngokusungulwa kokushisa kwangempela (isikhathi siwela cishe maphakathi noMeyi). Yenza izimbobo ngokuya ngosayizi wohlelo lwempande lwe-alstroemeria, izithombo zokufakelwa ngesigaxa sobumba. Gcina phakathi kuka-20-25 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye.

Ungatshala kanjani emhlabathini

I-Alstroemeria isakaza isithombe

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile, bambe isihlahla, benze imifino, basakaze imbewu, bayitshale ifinyelele kubude obuyi-1 cm. Thinisa izithombo, ushiye ibanga elingaba ngu-20-25 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye.

Ungayisakaza kanjani i-alstroemeria

Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwe-alstroemeria kufaka ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Qala ukuhlukanisa lapho izihlahla zikhula kahle. Akuwenzi mqondo ukuzama ukuthola ama-Delenki amaningi esihlahleni ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa kube izingxenye ezingama-2-3, ngasinye sazo sizoqukethe i-rhizome eyenziwe kahle nokukhula kokukhula.

Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-alstroemeria bush photo rhizome

Ukususwa okunjalo kumila ngempumelelo futhi ukuqhakaza ngaphambili. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa izihlahla ekwindla ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali; futhi ungenza inqubo entwasahlobo noma ehlobo (ekugcineni kwegagasi lokuqala lokuqhakaza).

Bemba ngokucophelela ehlathini, uhlukanise izingxenye, uphathe izindawo zokusikeka nge-fungicide, bese utshala ngokushesha. Yenza umgodi wokufika osayizi ofanele, beka abahlukanisi lapho, ugcwalise ngenhlabathi, amanzi.

Ukukhetha indawo yokubeka

Lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala kwe-alstroemeria, kuyadingeka ukuholwa yizidingo zesitshalo: ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo nenhlabathi evulekile enempilo. Uma inhlabathi isiphelile, ekwindla, ngaphansi kokumba, engeza umquba, umquba noma umquba obolile. Ukuze ukhulule, engeza isihlabathi esihlanganayo. Musa ukutshala ezindaweni ezinamanzi aphansi noma ezindaweni ezinezikhukhula - ukumanzana kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezifo.

Yize ukukhanyisa okuhle kungenye yezihluthulelo zokutshala ngempumelelo i-alstroemeria, ukushisa ngokweqile kohlelo lwezimpande kungathinta kabi izimbali. Uma inhlabathi ifudumala ngaphezu kuka-23 ° C, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukukhulisa ngamandla uhlelo lwezimpande. Uma ufuna ukukhulisa isihlahla ngokushesha, lokhu kuphela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-mulching izosiza ukuvikela inhlabathi ekushiseni ngokweqile. Njenge-mulch, ungasebenzisa i-peat, sawdust, izinkuni zokhuni, utshani.

Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Alstroemeria Yangaphandle

Ungayinakekela kanjani i-alstroemeria emhlabathini ovulekile

Ungaphuzisa kanjani

I-Alstroemeria idinga ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo okujwayelekile, kepha ungavumeli ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi. Isitshalo sigcwaliseka ngokuphelele ngemvula yemvelo. Ngokuvamile, kwanele ukunisela kanye ngeviki, ngesomiso esinzima, ukufeza izimbotshana ezimbili ngezinsuku eziyi-7.

Ukuluka nokugqoka

Ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga amaningi omswakama.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwezimbali zikanokusho, kuzodingeka umanyolo. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali noma i-organics (isisombululo sokufakwa kwe-mullein noma imisele yenyoni, exutshwe namanzi. Amaphaphu athathwa 1 kuya ku-10, ukusetshenziswa - amalitha ayi-10 nge-1 m²). Gcoba kathathu ngenyanga. Ngokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula naphakathi nokubekwa kwamahlumela, kukhethwa umanyolo we-potash. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, gxila ku-phosphorus, ingxenye ye-nitrogen kumele incishiswe. Lapho ufaka i-organics, umlotha noma umlotha wezinkuni ungahlanganiswa.

Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka

Uma ungahleleli ukuthi uqhubeke nokuvuna imbewu, kungcono ukunquma amahlamvu aqhelile ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke endaweni yabo kuzovela okusha ngokushesha.

Alstroemeria ubusika

Ama-Alstroemeria empeleni adinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, amahlumela anqunywa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho mulch okutshalwe kuwo ngezinto ezihlanganisiwe: ukotini, amaqabunga omile, i-peat, njll., Ungamboza okutshalekile ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe.

Uma ubusika esifundeni sakho bunokhahlo, ikakhulukazi uma ehlathini esemncane kakhulu, kufanele aphathwe njengama-chrysanthemums. Bambe futhi ugcine emiphongolweni ekwindla kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-alstroemeria ebusika isendaweni evulekile; umuntu akudingeki afinyelele kulezi zinyathelo ezinqala. Maphakathi neRussia, babebanda ngaphansi kwesichibi, kanti ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu akudingeki nhlobo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

I-alstroemeria entekenteke imelana nezifo nezinambuzane.

Inkinga kuphela phakathi kwezifo kungaba yi-botritis (grey bola). Ukuze uvikele ama-plantings ekuguleni, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okuhle. Ngemuva kwesimo sezulu eside isikhathi eside, ukuvimbela, phatha izitshalo ngesixazululo se-fundazole (noma esinye isikhunta). Uma lesi sifo sithintekile, kuzodingeka izindlela zokwelapha ezi-2 zokuphumula emavikini angama-2-3.

Izinambuzane eziphambili ze-alstroemeria: isicabucabu mite, thrips, slugs, amacimbi, izimbungulu ezidla amaqabunga. Ukulwa nabo, kuzodingeka ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane (i-actelik, i-actara, i-karbofos, i-fitoverm, njll.).

Ungayqoqa kanjani imbewu ye-alstroemeria

Ekuxhumaneni okuncane, imbewu yezithelo iqhekekile, bese imbewu elula isakazeka ngezindlela ezihlukile. Shiya izimbali ezimbalwa ukuqoqa imbewu bese uyibopha nge-gauze uze uvuthwe ngokuphelele. Gcina imbewu eqoqwe ezikhwameni zamaphepha.

Alstroemeria ekhaya

I-Alstroemeria esithombeni sekamelo

Ungakhula i-alstroemeria emabhodweni, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ezikhula kancane.

Khetha isitsha esisebanzi ngokwaneleko lokukhula okujwayelekile kohlelo lwezimpande, kuphoqelekile ukuthi kube nezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi ezansi kwembiza.

Beka ibhodwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Amanzi njengoba umphezulu woma up (cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-3). Ukondla akudingekile.

Ukukhula i-Alstroemeria eGreenhouse

I-Alstroemeria esithombeni esibonisa ukushisa okuphezulu Kubukeka kanjani i-alstroemeria

Ngenhloso yezimboni, i-alstroemeria itshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo - lapha ungakha izimo ezintofontofo kakhulu zokuqhakaza okujwayelekile, ukhule unyaka wonke.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi efanelekile: inhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-humus, i-peat, isihlabathi. Ukuchelela okulinganiselayo okujwayelekile kuzodingeka, ungavumeli ukumiswa komswakama. Yondla izitshalo kabili ngenyanga usebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen-potassium.

Ku-greenhouse, i-alsromeria izoqhakaza ngisho nasebusika, ukukhanya okungeziwe kuyadingeka. Ukushisa okuphakathi kosuku kufanele kube ngu-15 ° C, ebusuku ngo-13 ° C. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, khulisa izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lifike ku-18-20 ° C.

I-Alstroemeria ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Alstroemeria esithombeni engadini

I-Alstroemeria ingumuntu ohamba yedwa emibhedeni yezimbali nemibhede yezimbali, ukutshala kweqembu kubukeka kuthinta futhi kukhanya ngasikhathi sinye.

Alstroemeria engadini nezinye izimbali isithombe

Ozakwethu bavame ukukhetha i-rose, bedlala kumaqembu aphikisayo: ukushuba kwesisa seminduze ye-Inca kugcizelela kahle amandla nentelezi ye-enchantress ehlanganisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ama-alstromerias ayisizinda esihle sama roses.

Alstroemeria ekwakhiweni kwesithombe sengadi

Inhlanganisela ekhangayo nama-chrysanthemums. Kunezindlela ezimbili: sitshala ndawonye ama-chrysanthemums nama-alstroemerias ama-shades amnene afanayo ngombala; noma okuphambene nalokho: amathoni we-pastel yeminye imibala azoba isizinda esinenzuzo sabakhanya abanye.

Ukutshala i-Alstroemeria nokunakekela isithombe esivulekile somhlaba

Enye inhlanganisela yokuwina yinhlangano enobumbano nama-conifers aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ama-gerberas akhanyayo engadini, abukeka emangalisa kakhulu. Iphalethi ebanzi iwela ezandleni - obomvu, opinki, amathunzi e-orange. Eduze kwe-leru yasePeru, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibukeka kahle, ukwakheka kwayo kuhlanganiswe ngeminduze emincane nemisebe.

Phakathi kwezitshalo ezimangele, ababambisene abafanele bazoba ngamatshe, abasindayo.

Alstroemeria ku-floristry

Isimbali somshado sezimbali ezingama-roses chrysanthemums nesithombe se-alstromeries

Ngolimi lwezimbali, isixha esibuthane sivela e-alstroemeria siyincoma emnene, engenakuqhathaniswa. Kunjengokungathi uthi: "Unomnandi futhi mnene, uyathandeka kakhulu." Futhi kusho isifiso sokuchuma, inhlanhla, ingcebo.

Ngaphezu kobuhle obujabulisayo, leli dili lihlala isikhathi eside. Uyakwazi ukuthokozisa okusha okusha enyangeni eyi-1. Lapho ukhetha isidlo sezimbali, nikeza okukhethiweyo kunesibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke se-buds engaphendulwanga (kodwa kufanele isivele ipendwe). Lapho usika ama-inflorescences embhedeni wezimbali, uqondiswe yinkomba efanayo. Ngokuzayo, wonke ama-buds azovula endishini enamanzi. Sula kuqala ingxenye engezansi yesiqu (cishe 1/3) emaqabungeni.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-alstroemeria

Alstroemeria igolide Alstroemeria aurea

Alstroemeria yegolide Alstroemeria aurea isithombe

Buka okwangempela kusuka ePeru. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Kunombala ophuzi ophuzi we-inflorescences. Isitshalo esintekenteke singamelana namaqhwa ka -12 ° C.