I-umbilicus (i-Antemis) luhlobo lwezitshalo oluningi futhi lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200, zona eziyingxenye yomndeni wakwa-Asters noma we-Asteraceae. Indawo yemvelo yesambulela yi-Europe, i-Asia kanye neNyakatho ne-Afrika. Phakathi kwazo kukhona bobabili ama-perennials kanye nonyaka, abenotshani futhi ngezinye izikhathi abamele abama-semi-shrubby.
Zingaba ngu-50 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula kwiCIS, ikakhulukazi ezigxile eCaucasus. I-umbilical crayfish itholakala enyakatho engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia, imvamisa njengokhula phakathi kwezilimo, kepha ukuyibiza ngokuthi ukhula ayilungile ngokuphelele, ngoba izimbali zayo, ngaphezu kokuba nokubukeka okuhlobisa, ziyasiza nasemzimbeni womuntu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Isambulela siyadaya Ukuba yisitshalo esidala, kuvame ukuvuthwa njengesitshalo esithandekayo. Amahlumela awo abonakala ngesimo esihle, ubude sifinyelela ku-75 cm kanye namagatsha amaningi. I-Foliage - enkulu, eluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okhlukaniswe ulayini, ngobuso obuncane.
Amabhasikidi ama-inflorescences, akhiwe ngokuqondile kuma-pedern e-oblong, akhiwa ngezimbali eziphuzi ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi 6. Isikhathi sezimbali siba ngoJuni-Julayi. Ama-Florists nawo akhokha kuwo wonke lesi sitshalo ngephunga lawo eliyingqayizivele.
Inkinobho yesisu senja luhluke kubhasikidi abamhlophe bephuzi ama-inflorescences (izimbali ezimhlophe zitholakala emaphethelweni, ziphuzi phakathi). Amahlamvu awo a-oblong-ovate, ama-cirrus ahlukaniswe, aneziqongo ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu, kanti ihlumela libushelelezi, lamagatsha, lingahle libe rough ngenxa ye-villi engandile.
Ekuphakameni, lolu hlobo lwonyaka lungakhula ngo-10-40 cm. luqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni luphele ngo-Agasti. Iphunga elizwelayo nelingathandeki nakanjani lehlisa ukuheha kwalo lapho ukhetha imihlobiso engadini.
Isambulela sensimu kufana nenja - ama-inflorescences amhlophe-aphuzi, amaqabunga akhombe, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuphakama kuphakama kancane (kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-50 cm). Ngokuvamile kuba neziqu eziningi, futhi ziba ngamagatsha. Iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni; ukuphela kwayo kwenzeka ngo-Agasti. Uhlobo luba minyaka yonke, lunama-pubescence, anezinwele eziseduze.
Isambulela Noble - Okugcwele embozwe nge-cirrus, elimnandi, amahlamvu asebusika. Phansi kakhulu, uma uqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo, ukukhula okungamasentimitha ayi-15-20 kuphela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izici zayo zinesimo (ama-inflorescence ngesimo sabhasikidi, izimbali zikaJulayi-Agasti).
Isambulela se-Hybrid - futhi i-perennial, enye yezimbali ezinde kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, icwecwe impela (60x60 cm), ihlakaze amahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani kanye ne-chamomile lemon-yellow inflorescences (4 cm ubukhulu).
Isikhathi sezimbali salesi zinhlobo ngokunakekelwa okufanele sithatha isikhathi sokuphela kukaJuni cishe kuze kube yiqhwa! Ihamba kahle nezitshalo ezinezimbali zazo zipendwe ngombala onsomi noma ophuzi, intambo yesambulela ye-hybrid yanikezwa isihloko sokuhlonishwa yiRoyal Horticultural Society ngonyaka ka-2014.
Pugavka kokwehla nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ezimbali eziqhakazile zenkaba kukhona okuphakamisa imizwa. Lesi sitshalo esinomusa sidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, njengoba kufakazelwa ukwelula okukhulu endaweni yomakhelwane jikelele, njenge, ngokwesibonelo, ama-chrysanthemums kanye ne-peonies.
Ekunakekelweni, inkinobho yesisu ayisiyisiqholo nhlobo, futhi uma ukhohlwa ngokuphelele ngayo ngemuva kokutshala, ngeke kuguqulwe inhlekelele yayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthambisa okungavamile ngeke kulimaze. Ngisho noma umswakama omncane ungena emhlabathini, lesi sitshalo sithola masisha eluhlaza ngokushesha. Lapho ukushisa isikhathi eside kuqala, kungoma, kodwa kusazoqhuma.
IHeliopsis futhi imele umndeni wakwa-Astrov, ukhule ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile, ngaphandle kokubanga inkinga kubalimi. Konke okudingeka ukwazi ngalesi sitshalo ungakuthola kule ndatshana.
Isikhunta sezintambo zombilical
Azikho izidingo zomhlabathi. Ingancishiswa, futhi ngaphansi kwalezo zimo cishe amabhasikidi afanayo amahle azokwakheka kuleso sitshalo.
Umehluko uma uqhathanisa nenhlabathi evundile ukuthi kuwo amahlahlo athola amandla amaningi. Uma inhlabathi inesihlabathi, khona-ke ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala, bumba umgodi obungu-50 cm bese ugcwalisa ngenhlabathi evundile.
Ukufakelwa kombilical
Ukufakelwa kudingekile kuphela, yize isambulela sikubekezelela kahle. Isimo ngasinye siyakwazi ukuhlala kusayithi ngaphandle “kokuhlala kabusha” kuze kube iminyaka eyi-12.
Ukwenza inqubo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa, izingxenye ezincane akufanele zitholakale nazo, ngoba ukukhula kwazo kuzohamba kancane.
Ukondla nakho akudingeki ikakhulukazi. Kusenqubo yokutshala umhlaba kuphela okufanele ivundiswe ngezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuncishiswa Kwembilical
Kepha izihlahla kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwesambulela. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, kunconywa ukusika iziqu cishe nge-10 cm kusuka ezimpandeni.
Ngakho-ke, umlimi wezimbali uzothuthukisa ukukhula kweziqu ezilandelanayo ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokuqala futhi uzothola izihlahla eziwugqinsi ezinhle kakhulu eziyindilinga. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kungalindelwa ngonyaka wesibili kusukela esikhathini sokutshala.
Isikhwama sobusika
Ukumelana nesithwathwa kwenkinobho yesisu kuyakuvumela ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukhosela ebusika. Uzobekezelela ngokuzithoba isikhathi esibandayo nesithwathwa esilinganiselwe emgqeni ophakathi nendawo.
Ukuphela kwento engalimaza amaqabunga entwasahlobo, kepha ukuthambekele kubo akuphakama.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-antemis
Isitshalo kulula ukusakaza usebenzisa imbewu. Ngokuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile, entwasahlobo nasekwindla kufanelekile. Okokuqala, umbhede onomhlabathi ovundile uhlwanyelwa ngezinto zokutshala, lapho izithombo zizohluma kangcono, zithole amandla bese ziqala ukukhuphuka.
Ngemuva kwalokho bayoba namaqabunga, bese udinga ngokushesha ukuthatha ukufuduselwa endaweni enaphakade. Imbewu yehlukaniswa ukuhluma okuphezulu okungenzeka kube khona, maqondana nakho okungafanele kube nazinkinga ngokulinywa ngale ndlela.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe izintambo zombambo ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla nakho kuyindlela enhle yokuzala. Izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe kufanele zitshalwe kude nge-25 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.
Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke kuleli cala ukwindla.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukumelana nezilokazane nezifo kungokwamacilongo enkaba. Akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Ingozi engaba khona kuwo umswakama owedlula wonke emhlabeni, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande alunawo umkhuba wokukhuluma ongaqhekeki kakhulu.
Uma izihlahla ezisesibayeni sezimbali zibukeka ziwohloka, futhi lokhu kuhambisana nokuncipha kosayizi wezimbali, khona-ke umphumela wokuguga kwemvelo uyabonakala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokuvuselela kabusha isitshalo ngokuhlukanisa nokutshala endaweni entsha (noma ukuqoqa imbewu kolunye uhlobo lokusabalalisa).
Idayi yokwembatha
I-inflorescences ye-umbilical crayfish inikezwe ngezinto zokuphilisa, ngezinga elincane kakhulu elinazo izingxenye ezingenhla zeziqu. Ama-inflorescences agcwele i-x pigophyll ephuzi, ama-flavonoids, ama-glycosides kanye namafutha abalulekile.
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, zomiswa egumbini elinomoya omncane futhi lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwakheka kwezimbali iyunithi yamakhemikhali okuthiwa i-quercetin, ebangela umsebenzi wayo onamandla wezinambuzane.
Embonini yezemithi, le nto isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-powder kanye namathebhulethi egama elifanayo (equkethe ama-0,02 amagremu we-quercetin), akhonjiswe ekwelashweni nasekuvinjelweni kwe-hypovitaminosis kanye nokushoda kwe-Vitamin P, kanye nezifo ezihambisana nokukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi (hemorrhagic diathesis, capillary toxicosis, kanye ne-retinal hemorrhage) , ukugula kwemisebe, rheumatism, glomerulonephritis, isimungumungwane, umkhuhlane obomvu kanye nabanye). Inkambo yokuthatha i-quercetin ihlala amasonto angama-5-6. Kuthathwa kuthebhulethi yokuqala izikhathi ezingama-3-5 ngosuku.
Ukwelashwa ngokudaya umbilical
Kwezinye izifunda zeRussian Federation, i-decoction ye-umbilical cord inflorescence isetshenziswa njenge-diuretic, choleretic, he hentatic, i-expectorant (yamakhaza) nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala.
Ama-Helminthiases (izibungu) aphathwa nge-inflorescence enempuphu, futhi aqanduselwa ewayinini asiza ukuqeda izinhlungu nokuqhakaza, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu nohudo. Ukufakwa kufakwa endlini yokugezela bese kufakwa nezingcindezi zezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta, ukuvuvukala nokuhlanzeka esikhunjeni.
Ama-infusions wezimbali ze-Umbilical asetshenziswa ngempumelelo njengezindlela zokuthinta nokuqinisa izinwele.
