IGloriosa isitshalo esingumhlobiso okhethekile ngokwemvelo esimila ngokwemvelo esimeni esifudumele saseNingizimu Afrika nase-Asia. Ungowomndeni we-melantius, ukuhleleka kwe-liliaceae, futhi igama lakhe lesibili imbali yenkazimulo. Emashalofini, izitshalo ezincane zibukeka zingathengiseki, kepha ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokugcinwa kwazo ziphenduka izimbali ezikhanyayo ezinezimbali ezinde ezimangazayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lesi sitshalo se-gloriosa sizizwe sihle ngesimo sezulu esifudumele futhi esibandayo, kuyazuzisa ukuzijwayela ngazo zonke izidingo zaso ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
UGloriosa - siyini lesi sitshalo?
I-Gloriosa isitshalo esidalwa njalo. Ayithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi, ngakho-ke inenani elincane lezinhlobo. Ngokuyisisekelo, bangena kumashalofu ngendlela abakhula ngayo ngokwemvelo, emahlathini ashisayo. Abafuyi abenzanga mzamo futhi abazenzanga ukulungisa kwabo, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu unethuba lokukhulisa umvini we-jungle wangempela efasiteleni.
IGloriosa ingaqashelwa yizimpawu eziningana:
- iziqu ziqonde, ziluhlaza okhanyayo, zingafinyelela ku-1-2 m ubude;
- i-rhizome - tuber;
- amaqabunga anomumo wobude be-lanceolate;
- izinhlwathi zitholakala emaphethelweni amahlumela, lapho isitshalo sinamathiselwe khona ekusekelweni;
- izimbali ziqhakazile, zinkulu, zodwa, zibekwe ezintanjeni ezinde;
- Esikhathini esingesihle, ingxenye esemoyeni yesitshalo ingoma, bese kuthi ukufudumala, izinqubo zemvelo zivuselelwe.
Esithombeni, i-gloriosa ibukeka igqamile futhi iyamangalisa, kepha kungcono ukuncoma ukuqhakaza kwayo kusuka kude, futhi uma usebenza nayo, kufanelekile ukuqaphela imithetho yezokuphepha. Iqiniso ngukuthi lesi sitshalo sinobuthi ezilwaneni nakubantu. Iqukethe i-alkaloid colchicine, ukugxila kwayo kuphakeme kakhulu ku-tubers kanye nembewu. Kumuntu omdala, kwanele ukudla i-6 mg yento ukuthola imiphumela ebulalayo. Ngemuva kokusebenza ne-gloriosa, kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthinta umlomo kanye nolunye ulwelwesi lwama-mucous.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emvelweni i-gloriosa ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, ekhaya ikhule emabhodweni. Akufanelekile ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, ngoba ngisho nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okuncane okungenasikhathi kuzobulala.
Ukukhula ekhaya
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya, i-gloriosa izobukeka imangalisa. Into esemqoka okufanele icatshangwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sejwayele isimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo nokunisela okuningi ngesikhathi semvula, ngakho-ke ngeke sikwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa. Kunezindlela eziningi zokusakaza imbali, kodwa indlela elula ukuthenga isitshalo esincanyana esitolo.
Lapho kukhula i-gloriosa ekhaya, kukhona indlela yokuyitshala endaweni evulekile. Ehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlala emazingeni angama-25-27 degrees, lingafakwa emgaqweni, bese kuthi ngesifutho esibandayo sokuqala sisuswe singene endlini noma endaweni ebamba ukushisa kanye nesigaxa sobuchopho nobumba.
Kunconywa ukuhambisa isitshalo ebhodweni - lokhu kunciphisa amathuba okulimazeka ezimpandeni.
Izindlela zokusakazwa kwe-gloriosa
Esithombeni, i-gloriosa lapho ihamba ekhaya ingahluka. Lesi sitshalo sikhula sikhulu noma sinikeze amahlumela amancane aqondile. Uma kukhona imbali eyodwa enjalo efasiteleni, ingasakazeka ngezindlela ezimbili. Emvelweni, ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, imbewu yakheka eziqongweni zezihlumela. Bahlakazeka emhlabathini, bathathe izimpande, bese ngonyaka olandelayo benze amahlumela amancane.
Ukusakazeka kweTuber
Indlela elula yokusakaza i-gloriosa ngama-rhizomes. Kungokwezitshalo ezinamanzi amaningi, futhi lapho uhlukanisa i-tuber, ngayinye yezingxenye zakha amahlumela amade aphelele. Ukuzala kabusha kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwezimbali esitsheni esisha. Inqubo ilula:
- i-rhizome iyasuswa emhlabathini futhi inqunywe ngokucophelela ngommese zibe izingxenye eziningana ezilinganayo;
- indawo yokusikwa kufanele iphathwe namalahle ahlanganisiwe;
- ishubhu ngalinye litshalwe ebhodweni elihlukile futhi lifafazwe ngamasentimitha ambalwa;
- Ukunisela kungaqala kuphela lapho kuvela ihlumela lokuqala, futhi ngaphambi kwalokho ungasifudumeza isitshalo ngokusibeka endaweni efudumele.
Ekufakweni kwentwasahlobo kwe-gloriosa, ungabona ukuthi i-rhizome yakudala isungule nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezintsha. Vele badinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokucophelela futhi badluliselwe ebhodweni elisha. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, baphenduka izitshalo ngazinye ezigcwele.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Indlela yokukhula gloriosa kusuka imbewu yinde. Ikhula isikhathi eside, futhi yize amahlumela evela ngokushesha, isikhathi sezimbali sokuqala ngeke sifike ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenzeki ukuthola izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivela kwisitshalo esidala esinempilo, umvini osezelwe ngokugcwele ungatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe imbewu, kuyadingeka ukuthi impova isitshalo. UGloriosa ubhekisa kuzimbali zokuzenzisa impova, futhi inqubo ingenziwa ekhaya:
- nge-brashi, impova idluliselwa kuzimbali zesitshalo esifanayo;
- ngemuva kokutshala imbewu kuzoboshwa;
- kumele aqoqwe futhi atshalwe enhlabathini evundile;
- ngaphambi kokubhula amahlumela, kufanelekile ukuwasibekela ngengilazi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile umoya. ukugcina izinga lokushisa okungenani lama-20 degrees.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amancane ezitshalweni, izitshalo zingatshalwa zibe ngamabhodwe ahlukile bese zisungula uhlelo lokunisela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-gloriosa ikhula ngokushesha, kepha ekhaya akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwama-50-60 cm.Izitshalo ezinkulu zingatshalwa uma uzikhipha ngaphandle ehlobo. Ngonyaka wesithathu, kuzokwazi ukubheka ukuthi izimbali eziqhakazile zokuqala zivela kanjani.
Amathiphu Wokunakekela
I-Indoor gloriosa isitshalo esidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Iguqulwa ibe yisimo sezulu esishisayo esinokuchelela okungajwayelekile kodwa okuningi. Imbali ikhula kahle enhlabathini evundile. I-humus, umquba, i-peat nesihlabathi kufanele kufakwe kumxube othengiwe. Ama-fertilizer afakwa kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile - kufanelekile ukwenza inqubo entwasahlobo, lapho isitshalo sitshalwa senziwa ebhodweni elikhudlwana.
Kunezincomo eziningana zokuthi ungakhula kanjani ama-gloriosa amakhulu futhi anempilo, futhi ulinde nokuqhakaza ngokushesha:
- beka imbiza yezimbali ohlangothini olukhanyiswe kahle, bese uyihambisa kancane elangeni ngaphambi kokuyikhipha ehlobo;
- isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo siwela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nokuqala kwehlobo - ngalesi sikhathi imbali idinga ukuthambisa okuningana endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni;
- ekwindla, izinqubo zokuphila zihamba kancane, kubalulekile ukunisela ukuchelela futhi uhlele kabusha ibhodwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kancane;
- UGloriosa uncamela ukukhula ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ngaphezu kwalokho ukufafaza amaqabunga esibhamu sokufafaza.
IGloriosa idinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe, kepha ayizungezi, njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, kepha inamathiselwe yi-antennae, etholakala ekugcineni kwamahlumela. Amagatsha kufanele aboshwe ukuze angawi futhi angonakaliswa ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani imbiza ye-gloriosa?
I-rhizome imbali ayisiyikhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke imbiza encane kodwa ejulile iyafaneleka. Ezansi kwaso kufanele kube nezimbobo zokuphuma komswakama ngokweqile kanye nokufakwa kwezimpande kwezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokufaka inhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ungqimba lwamanzi. Ngalezi zinhloso, kuthengwa udaka olwandisiwe lobumba noma amatshe amatshe amancane. Kubekwa ukusekelwa okuphezulu maphakathi nembiza - lesi sitshalo siyanamathela kuso nge-antennae ekhethekile, ngoba amahlumela ayo yinde futhi ayiqinile ngokwanele.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gloriosa
Emvelweni, azikho izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-10 ze-gloriosa. Ukulima ekhaya, izinhlobo ezi-3 eziphambili zivame ukunikezwa. Zikhula ezifundeni ezihlukile, kepha futhi zizizwa zizinhle ekhaya emabhodweni.
Gloriosa Okunethezeka
I-Gloriosa yokunethezeka iyinhlobonhlobo evame ukutholakala ezimweni zemvelo. Ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo, ikhetha isimo sezulu esinomswakama, ingakhuphuka ngamakhilomitha ayi-1,5 ngaphezu kolwandle. Le imbali enkulu - amahlumela ayo afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubude, kepha awanamandla ngokwanele futhi kufanele anamathele ekusekelweni. Izimbali zinkulu. amacembe ngamanye akhula afike ku-8 cm. Ngaphandle apinki, ngaphakathi umbala wawo ushintsha usuka ophuzi (eduze komongo) ube bomvu okhanyayo emaphethelweni. Igama lesibili lezinhlobonhlobo li-gloriosa enhle kakhulu.
Gloriosa elula
Le nhlobonhlobo isabalele ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Amahlumela awo akhula aze afike ku-1.5 m, amaqabunga abonakala ezinhlotsheni zohlobo lwe-gloriosa. Izimbali azinkulu, amacembe afinyelela ku-3-5 cm, ekujuleni kobubanzi bawo bungama-3 cm. Anombala ophuzi oluhlaza okotshani obomvu, oqondile, cishe ongagobeki ngaphakathi.
UGloriosa Rothschild
IGloriosa Rothschild ngenye inhlobo yalesi simila efanelekile ukukhula ekhaya. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, inamahlumela aqhakaze, ngalinye lawo kufanele lifakwe ekusekelweni. Ama-petals makhulu impela, ngalinye lingafinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Zibomvu, zimbozwe amabala ansomi, emaphethelweni zigobe kancane ngaphandle.
IGloriosa ingesinye sezitshalo ezimbalwa ezingatshalwa ekhaya ezingatshalwa ekhaya. Akuyona into emnandi ekunakekelweni nasekulondolozeni, kwanele ukugcina ukubusa okushisa okuphezulu futhi kuthoba umhlabathi njalo. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-gloriosa angawokuzalwa, futhi izimbali zokuqala zivele kuphela iminyaka embalwa emva kokuba imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, lapho wenza wonke umsebenzi futhi uthintana nembali, kufanelekile ukubheka imithetho yezokuphepha futhi ugqoke amagilavu okuvikela. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuyo - ku-mass eluhlaza kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa iqukethe ubuthi obunamandla.
