Spirea

ISpirea (Spiraea) isitshalo esiqhakaza izimbali eziqhakaza emndenini wakwaPinks, esinokuhlobisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nesithwathwa, isikhathi eside sezimbali nokuqalwa kokutshala nokunakekela. ISpirea noma i-meadowsweet ijwayelekile ezindaweni ezinezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, izizwa imnandi ezindaweni ezinamathela nasezindaweni ezinamahlathi, ezindaweni eziwugwadule nasezindaweni eziswakeme eduze kwamadlelo. Kuhlobo lwalezi zilimo, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo nezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu. Phakathi kwazo, ungathola izinhlobo ezincane zemifino emincane engaba ngu-15 cm ukuphakama nezinhlobo ezinde ezinokuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2.

Incazelo yeSpirea Shrub

Isiko le-Shrub liqukethe impande ye-fibrous, engagxili kusuka ebusweni bomhlaba, futhi namagatsha amaningi ambozwe ngegxolo eliqinile lesigaxa esimnyama noma esimnyama. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, amagatsha angaba aqonde, aqambe amanga, akhasa noma anwebeke. Ama-Spirea blooms ane-inflorescences ehlukahlukene (izindlebe, ama-panicles, izihlangu, amabhulashi), okubandakanya inani elikhulu lezimbali ezinobukhulu obuncane kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene - emhlophe, i-pastel, i-pink ekhanyayo ne-raspberry ekhanyayo, i-lilac nephuzi. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngezindlela eziningi - usebenzisa imbewu, ukusikwa, ukubekwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezimpande. Lesi sitshalo singatshalwa njengethidi noma "ukhaphethi" ezingomeni nakusiko lokuzimela. Ochwepheshe kanye nabathandi bezimbali ezijwayelekile basebenzisa i-meadowsweet yokulungisa izingadi zasekhaya, ezingadini zamatshe namadwala, izinhlobo ezingaphansi zingatshalwa kuma-alpine slides.

Izici zokukhula emoyeni

Ngokutshala isihlahla, kunconywa ukusebenzisa umhlaba onosawoti noma onamaqabunga, kanye nengxube yenhlabathi, equkethe inhlabathi engadini (izingxenye ezimbili), isihlabathi somfula osezingeni eliphakeme kanye ne-peat (ingxenye eyodwa ngayinye).
Ekuthuthukisweni okugcwele kwesihlahla esakhiweni, kudingeka isendlalelo ephezulu yedonsa (ngokwesibonelo, kusuka kubunjiwe obomvu).
Umgodi wokufika kufanele ube ngamaphesenti angamashumi amathathu ngaphezulu kwevolumu yengxenye yezimpande nge-clod yomhlaba.
Isithombo sigqitshwa ngu-45-50 cm ukuze intamo yezimpande ihlale isezingeni lomhlabathi.
Isikhathi esivumayo sokutshala isihlahla nguSeptemba, kungakuhle ukhethe usuku olunemvula noma lapho ilanga lifihlwe ngemuva kwamafu.
Kunconywa ukuthi ucabangele lapho utshala omakhelwane be-spirea besikhathi esizayo. Uhlangana kahle nezitshalo ezifana ne-thuja, juniper, i-spruce.

Ukutshala i-spirea kwangaphandle

Ukutshala kwe-Spiraea entwasahlobo

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala izithombo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala. Lapho uthenga izinto zokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokucophelela ingxenye yezimpande ukuze izitshalo ezincane zingabi nezimpande ezomile noma ezomile. Amahlumela kufanele abe nezimo, nezinhlamvu ezisezingeni lokukhula. Izimpande eziqhume ngokuqinile zingafinyezwa kancane, zinciphiswe ukuze zome, bese zomiswa kancane ngesikhathi sokugcina - zithwelwe esitsheni esikhulu esinamanzi amahora amaningi ukuze zigcwaliswe umswakama odingekayo. Ngemuva kokuletha izithombo ngokulandelana okugcwele, ungaqhubeka nenqubo yokutshala.

Ukungathobeki kulinywe kwe-spirea kungathokozisa futhi kube nokuqhakaza okude kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile okufanele zibhekwe:

Izithombo zezimbali zasehlobo kuphela zingasetshenziswa;
Indawo okufika kuyo kufanele ivuleke futhi ibe nelanga;
Umhlabathi osecebeni unempilo futhi uvundile;
Kuyadingeka ukubheka ibanga phakathi kokutshala, kucatshangelwa ukukhula okusheshayo kwamahlumela asisekelo emithini, ngenxa yokuthi insimu ehlala lesi sitshalo ikhula kakhulu;
Umgodi wokufika kufanele ube nezindonga ezinkulu;
Umthamo womgodi wokutshala kufanele ube yingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kunobubanzi bohlelo lwempande yesithombo;
Phansi komgodi wokutshala i-spirea, ungqimba oludonsa lwamanzi olugqinsi olungama okungenani amasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu wezitini ezibomvu ezichotshoziwe luyadingeka;
Isimo sezulu ngosuku lokufika kufanele sibe nemvula noma okungenani kube namafu;
Ngemuva kokudonswa kwamanzi, kuthunyelwa i-substrate eklanywe ngokukhethekile, enomhlabathi we-turf kanye namaqabunga (ezingxenyeni ezimbili) nesihlabathi esimahhadla kanye ne-peat (engxenyeni eyodwa), cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ukuphakama komgodi;
Isithombo sifakwa engxenyeni yenhlabathi, sisakaze izimpande ngokucophelela, sifafaze ngomhlaba ebusweni bomhlaba futhi sibumbane;
Intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale emazingeni aphansi;
Ukunisela kokuqala kwenziwa ngokushesha, ngoba isithombo ngasinye samalitha ayi-10-20 amanzi siyadingeka;
Ngemuva kokunisela, iziqu kufanele zifakwe ngo-peat.

Ukutshala kwe-Spiraea ekwindla

Ngalesi sikhathi, hhayi kuphela izithombo ezitshaliwe, kodwa futhi kunconywe ukutshala i-Delenki etholakala ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwezihlahla zabantu abadala eneminyaka eyi-3-4. Izilimo ezindala sezivele zinzima kakhulu ukuzikhipha emhlabeni. Isikhathi esifanelekile salezi zinqubo sisukela maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya maphakathi no-Novemba.

Kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele lezi zimo ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokutshala kwekwindla:

Zingasisebenzisa kuphela izinhlobo zezimbali entwasahlobo nezimbali ezifika sekwephuzile kanye nezinhlobonhlobo;
Esihlahleni esimbiwe, udinga ukuyipaza kahle ingxenye yezimpande, lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili - kwehlise ebhakedeni lamanzi we-acidization noma ukugeza ngokushesha ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu;
Udinga ukuhlukanisa isihlahla ukuze ngokwahlukana ngakunye kube nezimpande eziqinile nezimpande ezintathu eziqinile; Ama-saplings ama-2-3 atholakala esihlahleni esisodwa;
Izimpande ezinde ezinde zidinga ukufinyezwa kancane;
Izithombo zifakwa emgodini omncane emgodini wokutshala, embozwe ngumhlaba, icwecwe futhi iniselwe kakhulu.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Spirea

Ukunisela mulching

Kunconywa ukunisela i-spirea izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Isihlahla ngasinye sizodinga amalitha ayi-15 amanzi. Kubalulekile ukuba nesendlalelo se-mulching se-peat okungenani i-7 cm obukhulu bezungeze isivuno ngasinye.

Ukuvula, ukhula nokugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuze ulondoloze inhlabathi isesimweni sokukhululeka, udinga ukusula njalo isiza sokhula, ukhulule inhlabathi wenze umanyolo. Maphakathi nenkathi yehlobo, izitshalo zondliwa ngengxube ye-mullein ewuketshezi kanye ne-superphosphate (5 g nge-5 l yesisombululo), futhi ngemuva kokuncipha, ngomanyolo wamaminerali.

Izihlahla

Izinhlobo zezimbali zokuqala ziqala ukugunda izinwele okungenani kanye ngonyaka ngaphambi kokukhula. Amathiphu amahlumela aqandayo noma alimile asikwa iminyaka engu-7- 7, emva kwalokho cishe wonke amagatsha amadala atholakala esihlwini. Okokuqala, ama-5-6 ezinto ezinamandla kakhulu ashiywe akha ihlumela elincane, bese-ke esikwa. Ukufakwa izinwele ngenhlanzeko kwenziwa ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Ezihlahleni eziqhakaza ehlobo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo njalo ngonyaka, amahlumela anqunywa kube ngama-buds amakhulu noma asuswe ngokuphelele uma emincane kakhulu futhi ebuthakathaka.

Spiraea ngemuva zom

I-spirea emelana neqhwa izodinga ikhava kuphela ezifundeni ezinobusika obungenakho iqhwa futhi elinamandla kakhulu. Amahlamvu awile cishe ngo-15 cm obukhulu, obuhlanganisa ukutshala engxenyeni yesibili kaNovemba, uphelele ngokuthi "ukufakwa".

Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Spiraea

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Le ndlela yokukhiqiza kabusha ayifuneki phakathi kwabalimi, ngoba izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene azigcinwanga nayo. Izinto zembewu zingatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile noma ohlwanyelwe ezitshalweni zezithombo zezithombo.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Ukusika kuyindlela ephumelela kakhudlwana lapho amaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa wokusika egxilwe kahle futhi azivumelanisa nendawo entsha. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ukusikwa okuluhlaza kugxilwe ekuqaleni noma phakathi nehlobo, futhi kufakwe phakathi ekwindla.

Ukuze usike ukusikwa, kukhethwa amahlumela aqondile - unyaka nonyaka, kufanele kusele amaqabunga angama-6,6 engxenyeni ngayinye, emva kwalokho ibekwe esitsheni esinezixazululo ze-Epina (3 ml yamanzi - 1.5 ml Epina) amahora angama-3-4. Ngaphambi kokujula emhlabathini, isigaba esingezansi siphathwa nge “Kornevin” noma esinye isivuseleli futhi sitshalwe endaweni eyi-45 degrees. Ukuma komhlaba kumbozwe ngasesongelweni sepulasitiki. Ukunakekelwa kuqukethe ukufafaza okujwayelekile - izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ukusika okunezimpande kutshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kufafazwe ngamahlamvu awile ebusika. Izithombo zingatshalwa endaweni engapheli kuphela kwesizini ezayo, lapho kwakheka amahlumela amasha kuzo.

Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa

Igatsha elingaphansi kobuso bomhlaba liyamiswa futhi ligxunyekwe egangeni elungiselelwe ngephini ye-wire, bese lifafazwa ngomhlaba bese lithambisa kakhulu. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, izingqimba zakha uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande. Cishe ngoSepthemba, ahlukaniswe esihlahleni esikhulu futhi atshalwe kwisiza esikhethiwe.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

ISpirea imelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Akesabi noma yiziphi izifo, kanti ama-aphid kanye nezicabucabu ngezikhathi ezithile zingavela ezinambuzaneni. Ngokubhujiswa kwabo, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo "Pirimore" ne "Karbofos".

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-spirea

Ukuqhakaza kwe-Spirea entwasahlobo kuhlukaniswa izimbali ezimhlophe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali nokutshala okuqinile. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-grey spirea nezinhlobonhlobo zayo iGrefshame, iWangutta, iNipponskaya, e-Arguta.

I-spirea egeleza ihlobo iheha iso ngama-red-pink hues ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Lawa ama-spirea aseJapan nezinhlobonhlobo zawo Little Princess, Golden Princesses, Shirobana, Goldflame, Crispa, kanye neBumalda spirea nezinhlobonhlobo zawo weGoldflame, i-Ivolistnaya spirea, Douglas spiraea "UBillard."

Zonke izinhlobo, izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid azifani ngokufanayo futhi zinokuhlukahluka kwazo ngakunye - ukwakheka, ubukhazikhazi kanye nomthamo womqhele, ukuphakama kwesihlahla, ukuma nezithunzi zama-inflorescence, isikhathi sezimbali kanye nesivinini sokukhula, ukuthandwa kokutshala emasikweni.