Zonke begonias zasendlini (Begonia) zeza kithi zivela ezindaweni ezishisayo nase-Asia, e-Afrika naseMelika. Zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu: i-begonias yokuhlobisa-i-deciduous, i-bush kanye ne-tubered. I-Tuberous begonias (Begonia tuberhybrida) izalela ngosizo lwezilimo eziyizigaxa, njengoba kufakazelwa yigama lazo. Uma uthengiswa ungathola izinhlobo eziningi zaleli qembu le-begonias. Izimbali zazo ziqhakaze ngokungavamile futhi ziyamangaza, ngesimo sazo sifana ne-rose. Izimbali ze-begonia ezingama-Tuberous azimbi, ziphindwe kabili futhi zimbili; zonke izinhlobo zemibala emhlophe, epinki, owolintshi, ophuzi nobomvu. Ama-begonas ama-Tuberous afinyelela ubude obungu-35 - 50 cm, isiqu sawo sinamanzi, amaqabunga angalingani. Olunye uhlobo lwe-tubonia begonia yi-tuberous drooping begonia (Begonia tuberhybrida pendula). Lesi sitshalo se-ampel esibukeka sihle kumtshali wokulenga noma kubhasikidi. I-tuber begonia ifaka ne-begonia enezimbali eziningi (Begonia multiflora), ebonakala nenqwaba yezimbali ezincane.
I-Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)© BotBln
Ama-begonas ama-Tuberous ayizithombe futhi abekezelela umthunzi omncane nje. Ebusika, badinga ukupholile, cishe ngama-13 degrees, ukugcinwa; ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elikhulu lingaba ngama-20 degrees. I-Begonias idinga umswakama ophezulu, kungcono ukuyibeka esikhwameni ngamatshe amanzi noma ebhodweni eliphindwe kabili elinayo i-peat. Lapho ukufafaza kufanele kugweme ukuthola amanzi emaqabungeni, zama ukuthambisa umoya ezungeze isitshalo.
Esitolo ungathenga isitshalo esivele sinezimbali nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Kungcono ukuthenga nezilimo eziyizigaxa entwasahlobo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele zifakwe emanzini okukhuculula (ngokwesibonelo, ku- “Vitaros”) bese yomiswa kahle ukuvikela ukukhula kokubola. Ngemuva kwalokhu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshalwe emabhokisini ane-peat emanzi, aqukethe ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-15 - 20, lapho amahlumela eba ubude be-5 cm, izitshalo kumele zidluliselwe kumabhodwe ahlukile. Njengomhlabathi, ungasebenzisa i-Begonia substrate eyenziwe ngomumo, noma ingxube ye-turf nenhlabathi enamaqabunga, i-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1: 1: 1: 1. Ukuze kube nezimbali ezinde nezichichimayo, ama-begonas abilayo amaningi kumele ondliwe ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukunisela begonias ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali kufanele kube kuningi, kepha inhlabathi akufanele ifakwe amanzi. Ngemuva kokuba izimbali seziqediwe, ukuchelela kumisiwe, amahlumela asikiwe, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zithathwa emhlabathini, zifakwe emanzini anosawoti, zomiswe bese zigcinwa ku-peat ekushiseni okungaba ngu-13 degrees.
I-Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)Ama-begonias angama-Tuberous angangenwa izifo ze-fungal. Uma uthola ukumboza okumhlophe emaqabungeni, lesi sitshalo sithinteka yi-powdery hlobo. Kuyadingeka ukususa wonke amaqabunga anesifo bese welapha i-begonia ngesikhunta esingacaciswanga. Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga, ngaphezulu lapho kuvela khona umbozo ompunga, akhiwa ngenxa yokutheleleka ngokubola okungwevu. Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa isitshalo esinegciwane kokuphumula, ususe amaqabunga athintekile bese unika umoya egumbini eline-begonia kahle. Isifutho se-fungicide siyadingeka futhi. Kulezi zinambuzane, ama-begonias athinteka yi-aphid kanye izibungu zesicabucabu ezibomvu. Izinkinga eziningi ziphakama ngamaphutha wokunakekelwa. Izeluleko zeqabunga elomile zibonisa umswakama ophansi; iziqu ezinamaqabunga acinene futhi angasebenzi kahle - mayelana nokuntuleka kokukhanya; amaqabunga omile futhi asontekile - mayelana nokushisa komoya okuphezulu kakhulu; amaqabunga aphuzi, abuna futhi abolile - cishe ngokweqile komswakama enhlabathini. Ukuwa kwamagqabha kungabangelwa umoya omile noma ukuthambisa kwamanzi komhlaba. Uma isitshalo sifa, hlola izithombo zalo. Bangathinteka yi-nematode, kulokhu kuzoba nokuvuvukala ezimpandeni, noma i-weevil, khona-ke uzothola izindima ezidliwe ku-tuber. Izimpande ezibolile zikhombisa ukuthambisa ngokweqile.
I-Tuberous begonias (Tuberous begonias)© Rob Hille
Zonke izinkinga ekunakekelweni zibuyiselwa ngokuphelele ukubukeka okumangalisayo kokuqhakaza okuqhakaza izimbali, okuzohlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi futhi kuphakamise ukukhanya kwabo nokugqama.
