Ama-perennials akhula ephansi i-Chionodoxa (Chionodoxa) angabamele uhlobo lwe-Scylla lomndeni uLiliaceae. Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezi-6 zesitshalo esinjalo ziyaziwa. Ngokwemvelo, zingahlangatshezwa esiqhingini saseKrethe naseAsia Minor. Igama lalesi sitshalo liqukethe amagama esi-2 esiGreek, ahumusha ngokuthi "iqhwa" nokuthi "inkazimulo, ukuziqhenya." Abantu bayibiza ngokuthi “indoda eneqhwa”, noma “ubuhle beqhwa”. Isihlahla esidabukisayo sama-chionodoxes anezimbali ezithandekayo sikhula ngasikhathi sinye ngama-snowdrop kanye namakhophi ngesikhathi lapho isembozo seqhwa singakashabalali ngokuphelele emhlabathini.
Izici zeChionodox
AmaChionodoxes izitshalo ze-bulb. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubekwa amapuleti amaqabunga amaqabunga ombala oluhlaza omnyama ngombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama, futhi aqokiwe futhi afakwa lanceolate ebanzi, futhi ngobude afinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12. Amabhulashi a-loose atholakala kuma-peduncle aqukethe izimbali ezinjengezimbali eziyisithupha ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, omhlophe noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izithelo ziyibhokisi elinamafutha, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu emnyama. Ama-Ovoid bulbs afinyelela ubude obuyi-30 mm, nangaphesheya - cishe ngu-17 mm. Ingaphezulu lawo limbozwe ngamachashaza anemibala elula. Lezi zinhlamvu zenzelwe imijikelezo yonyaka emi-2.
Ukutshala kwe-hionodox yangaphandle
Isikhathi sokutshala
Ukutshala ama-chionodox bulbs emhlabathini ovulekile kunconywa emavikini okuqala ekwindla ngemuva kokuba ukwakheka kweziqalo zezimpande kuphume emabhodleleni awo. Ngokutshala, ungazikhetha zombili indawo enokhanyayo, nokuba sendumeni encane. Uma utshala ama-bulbs kulezo zindawo lapho ikhava leqhwa liqala ukuncibilika kuqala, khona-ke ama-hionodoxes anjalo azohluka ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali zokuqala. Uma izimbali zikhula endaweni enomthunzi, ziyoqhakaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zikhule endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, kodwa ukuqhakaza kwazo kuzoba isikhathi eside.
Izitshalo ezitholakala ngaphansi kwezihlahla nezihlahla zilungele ukutshala izimbali ezinjalo. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwalesi sitshalo ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni akukho nhlobo amaqabunga, okwazi ukudonsa ukukhanya kwelanga okudingekayo kuma-chionodoxes ekukhuleni okujwayelekile nezimbali. Lezi zitshalo ezingadini zinconywa ukuba zikhule eduze kwezilimo zezimbali ezinjengalezi: primrose, hellebore, hyacinths, crocuse, cannons, izimbali ezimhlophe, i-adonis kanye ne-irises emfushane.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Inhlabathi efanelekayo kufanele ibe yikhululekile, inomsoco, inomswakama ngokulingana, futhi ine-alkaline kancane noma ingathathi hlangothi. Lezi zimbali zisabela kahle kakhulu ebukhoneni benhlabathi eningi kakhulu yezwe, equkethe izingcezu zamagxolo ezihlahla namahlamvu abolile.
Le mbali kufanele itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngendlela efanayo nezinye izilimo ze-bulb. Ukujula kokutshala, kanye nebanga phakathi kwama-bulbs, kuya ngosayizi wezinto zokutshala. Amabhu amakhulu kufanele ajule ekujuleni okungaba ngu-60-80 mm, ngenkathi ulayini phakathi kwawo, ibanga lamasentimitha angama-8-10 kufanele libonwe. Akuzona izithombo ezinkulu kakhulu ezitshaliwe ukuya ekujuleni kuka-40-60 mm, futhi nebanga phakathi kwazo kufanele libe ngu-60-80 mm.
Ukunakekela i-chionodox engadini
Ama-Hionodoxes avela kuwo wonke ama-primroses awathobeki kakhulu futhi awanciphisi ukunakekelwa, ngakho-ke nabalimi abaqalayo bangabakhulisa. Ukunisela lezi zitshalo kudingekile kuphela lapho isikhathi sasebusika singekho iqhwa, kanti nentwasahlobo - eyomile. Ngemuva kokuba izimbali ziniselwe, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi ebazungezile, ngenkathi ukhipha lonke utshani bokhula. Fafaza ingaphezulu lesakhiwo ngesendlalelo se-mulch (i-peat eyomile noma i-humus) lapho-ke inani lokhula, ukukhulula kanye nokunisela lizoncishiswa kakhulu.
Futhi, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuhleleka okungaphezulu okuhleliwe nokufakelwa, futhi ama-chionodoxes kufanele afafazwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile ezivela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni eziyingozi, uma kunesidingo esinjalo. Ukuze ungafaki ukusakazwa kwalesi siko ngokuzitshala ngokwakho, kufanele usike zonke izivivinyo ngaphambi kokuba zibe nesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Ungawunisela kanjani amanzi futhi uwondle
Uma kunesimo sezulu esomile eside, khona-ke ama-chionodoxes adinga ukuhlinzeka ngokuchelela okuhlelekile futhi okunele. Kuyadingeka ukunisela izitshalo ekuseni, ngenkathi uzama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaconsi amanzi awaveli ezimbali. Amanzi wokunisela asetshenziswa axazululiwe futhi angabandi.
Isitshalo esinjalo sondliwa ngamanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi amaminerali. Isibonelo, ungathatha i-Nitroammofosku, ingeniswa emhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, okufaka isandla ekuqhakaza kwezimbali okude futhi kube nokuchichima. Uma umanyolo ugobekile, khona-ke kufanele usatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kwendawo, bese kuthi emva kwalokho inhlabathi ikhululwe kancane, ngoba lokhu kuzosheshisa kakhulu ukufakwa kwezakhi kohlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo.
Ungashintsha kanjani futhi usakaze
Kulula futhi kusheshe ukusakaza isitshalo esinjalo yizingane ezidinga ukwahlukaniswa nesitshalo somzali. Isizini eli-1, izingane ezi-2-4 zikhula esihlahleni esisodwa.
Endaweni efanayo ngaphandle kokufakelwa, ama-chionodoxes akwazi ukutshala iminyaka eyi-10. Kodwa-ke, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuthi njalo eminyakeni eyi-5 noma eyi-6, izidleke zisuswe emhlabathini, zihlukaniswe futhi zitshaleke. Amabhuleki kufanele ambiwe ukusuka phakathi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi, ngaleso sikhathi ingxenye yengxenye yesihlahla kufanele iphenduke iphuzi futhi yomile. Amabhule atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Agasti noma ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaSepthemba; izidleke ezimbiwe zigcinwa endaweni emnyama, eyomile nepholile (degrees 15 kuya ku-17 degrees) ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngemuva kokuba isidleke sisusiwe enhlabathini, akunconywa ukuhlukanisa izingane kuso, ngoba ezincane kunazo zonke zazo zingafa ngaphambi kokufika. Kungcono ukwenza ukwahlukaniswa esidlekeni ngaphambi kokutshala ngqo ama enhlabathini.
Uma ama-chionodoxes esevele akhula kusiza sakho, khona-ke ukukhula kuwo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni akudingekile, ngoba lezi zimbali zizala kahle kakhulu ngokuzitshala. Embewini kukhona ukwakheka okunamanzi okudumisa izintuthwane. Ngakho-ke, bathatha imbewu bayise ebangeni elifanelekile. Izitshalo ezikhulwe kusuka imbewu okokuqala ziqala ukuqhakaza emva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu.
Ubusika
Lapho izitshalo ziqhakaza, kuzodingeka zisuse yonke imicibisholo. Amahlamvu awathintwanga, asikwa kuphela ngemuva kokukhula (engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi). Le mbali imelana kakhulu nesithwathwa. Kodwa uma ikhula endaweni yakho evulekile, khona-ke ekwindla sekwephuzile udinga ukuphonsa ingaphezulu layo ngamagatsha e-fir spruce noma ungqimba olubanzi lwamaqabunga awileyo. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, lesi sitshalo asidingi zindawo zokuhlala.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Chionodox isiko elinamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke litholakala izifo ezinjenge-sclerotiniosis, septoria, grey rot, fusariosis ne-achelenchoid. Lezi zifo, njengomthetho, zilimaza isibaluli uqobo, esifihlekile emehlweni omgcini wensimu, nokuthi isitshalo sithintekile, uyazi kuphela lapho isihlahla siphenduka siphuzi, siyabuna futhi akukho okungashintshwa. Kulokhu, ngaphambi kokutshala, ukufakwa kwe-anyanisi kuyisilinganiso esiyisibopho, kulokhu, isisombululo seFundazole siyasetshenziswa. Futhi, nge-prophylaxis, umuntu akufanele avumele uketshezi ukuthi lugxilile emhlabathini, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekubukekeni kokubola kumabala, ngakho-ke udinga ukunisela izimbali kancane.
Ingozi enkulu yazo zonke izinambuzane zalesi siko izibungu ze-umkhambi we-meadow tick, kanye namagundane. Bayakwazi nokulimaza isibani. Ukuqeda imikhaza, isihlahla kufanele sifafazwe nge-acaricide (i-Actara, i-Akarin, i-Actellik, i-Agravertin, njll.). Futhi ungasusa indawo yakho yama-moles kanye namagundane ngokusabalalisa isiheho sobuhlungu ezindaweni eziningi.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-chionodoxes anezithombe namagama
Emvelweni kunezinhlobo ezi-6 zama-chionodoxes, kepha abalimi bakhulisa ezintathu kuphela kuzo, kanye nzalo ehlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezitholakala kulezi zinhlobo ngabalimi bezitshalo.
I-Chionodox Forbes (Chionodoxa thibesii), noma Chionodox Tmolus (Chionodoxa tmolusi)
Endle, lolu hlobo lukhula eningizimu yeTurkey. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0,25. I-peduncle ithwala i-inflorescence eyi-racemose engajwayelekile, equkethe izimbali eziyi-15 zombala opinki noma omhlophe. Lesi sitshalo asakheli imbewu, kepha ama aqhakaza izingane minyaka yonke. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1976. Izinhlobo zamasiko:
- Alba - umbala wezimbali umhlophe qhwa;
- I-Blue jain - i-perianth kulesi sitshalo inombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocebile;
- I-pink jain - Izimbali zalolu hlobo zidwetshwe ngombala obomvana.
I-Chionodox Lucilia (Chionodoxa luciliae), noma i-chionodox enkulu (Chionodoxa gigantea)
Lolu hlobo lwathola igama lazo lokuhlonipha uLucille Boissier. Kutholakala ngemvelo ezintabeni ze-Asia Minor. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0,2.Amapuleti amaqabunga alesi sitshalo aqunjwe, aqondile emugqeni. Ukuqanjwa kwama-inflorescences kufaka izimbali eziyi-10, ububanzi ezifinyelela kumamilimitha angama-30, zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umphimbo wazo umhlophe. Kuhlakulelwe kusukela ngo-1764. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi yilezi:
- Okumhlophe. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla akudluli amasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali zipendwe zimhlophe kanti ububanzi bawo zingamasentimitha angama-25. Ku-inflemcence eyodwa yomjaho, kunezimbali cishe ezintathu noma ezine.
- Ipinki. Izimbali zipinki ngombala onsomi onsomi. Ngokwesiko, izinhlobonhlobo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo - i-hionodoxa Rose Queen (aka Rosie Queen noma i-Pink Queen) ithandwa kakhulu: kulesi sitshalo izimbali zidwetshwe emthunzini omuhle kakhulu wepinki.
- Imhlophe enkulu. Izimbali ngaphesheya zifinyelela kumamilimitha angama-40.
I-Sioninian Chionodox (i-Chionodoxa sardensis)
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lolu hlobo yi-Asia Minor. Isihlahla sinama-plates amaqabunga aqondile. Ukuphakama kwama-peduncle anamandla cishe amasentimitha ayi-12; athwale ama-inflorescences e-genemose, aqukethe izimbali eziyi-10 zombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aze afike ku-20 mm ngaphesheya. Itshaliwe kusukela ngo-1885. Kunezinhlobo zamagadi, umbala wezimbali ongaba upinki noma omhlophe.
Namanje abafuyi bezitshalo bathola izinhlobo ezintsha ezinjengezinhlobo ezincane ezinjenge chionodox emincane, noma iCretan, i-whishish chionodox kanye noNks Lock. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ngokwazo azikalinywa ngabalimi. UBreeder V. Khondyrev, esebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalesi sitshalo, wakwazi ukwenza uchungechunge lwe-nzalo: I-Watercolor, i-Artemis, i-Absolute, i-Atlantis, i-Andromeda, i-Aphrodite ne-Arctic. Ama-hybrid adalwe ngokuwela amaqabunga amabili kanye neForbes chionodoxes adumile futhi phakathi kwabalimi; abizwa ngokuthi ama-chionoscyls: izihlahla azidluli amasentimitha ayi-10, izimbali ezincane ezimile okwesibhakabhaka zibuthwa kuma-inflorescence aminyene.
