I-Alocasia - Shiny Shamrock

I-Alocasia ithathwa njengesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa amahlamvu ngobuhle obuxakile bamaqabunga anemibala angajwayelekile.. Emithini yesintu, i-alocasia ibizwa nge- “shamrock”. Zimbalwa kuphela izinhlobo ze-alocasia ezitshalwe kusiko kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezingama-70 ezaziwa ngemvelo ezivamile ezindaweni ezinomswakama zaseSoutheast Asia, lapho zisetshenziswa njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezokwelapha.

I-Alocasia (lat.Alocásia) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zomndeni womndeni we-Aroid. Cishe ziyizinkulungwane ezingama-70 izinhlobo ezaziwa ukuthi zikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia, Oceania naseNingizimu Melika.

Uhlobo lwe-Alocasia (Alocasia (Schott) G Don.) Ungumnikazi wezinhlobo ezingama-70 zezitshalo ezishisayo ezihlala zihlala njalo zomndeni we-aroid. Ukuphakama kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kuyehluka kusuka ku-40 cm kuye kumamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu, ezinye izinhlobo zineziqu ezingaphezulu kwentuthuko. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu kukhona, kuma-petioles amade amnandi (kusuka ku-20 cm kuye ku-1 m), amaqabunga amakhulu amaningi, avame ukumbozwa ngomnsalo, ubude bamaqabunga angafika kusuka ku-35-40 cm ukuya kumitha eyi-1. Amaqabunga aminyene, cishe anesikhumba, anemithambo evelele. Amaqabunga ane-aquata stomata-hydatode okukhishwa kuyo amaconsi amanzi ngesimo sezulu esimanzi noma ngokunisela ngokweqile.

Ukuqhakaza kuyaqabukela. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-alocasia yokuhlobisa emaqabungeni abo, nama-inflorescence awameli umphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, futhi ngesimo esingajwayelekile (ngomusa omude imbali ubude obungamamitha ayi-15 kuya kwangama-30 noma ngaphezulu, i-inflorescence iyindlebe yombala omhlophe-opinki, ombozwe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye yeshidi lokumboza - umbhede obhedayo). ayinakubizwa ngokuthi "hhayi ukumela umhlobiso okhethekile". Umbhede wembali upendiwe ngombala omhlophe qwa, omhlophe qwa.

I-Alocasia, ehlukaniswa ngobukhulu nangobuhle obuxakile, ibonwa kufanele njengesinye sezitshalo ezihlotshiswe kakhulu zamahlamvu. Izinhlobo ezinamandla ezifinyelela kumamitha ambalwa ukuphakama zingumhlobiso omuhle wezangaphakathi: amahholo aqhakazile, amafayidili, izingadi zasebusika, amachibi okufakelwa kanye nemithombo.

Izici

Izinga Lokushisa: I-Thermophilic. Ehlobo, okungenani 20 ° C, ebusika okungenani 18 ° C.

Isibani: Photophilous, ehlobo udinga umthunzi elangeni ngqo. I-Alocasia yethusi-ebomvu, i-Amazonia kanye nezimpande ebusika zidinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe.

Ukunisela: Njengoba kugcwele ehlobo, izwe akufanele lome. Ebusika, ukuthambisa i-alocasia kuyinto elinganiselayo futhi iqaphela kakhulu. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ukubhala amanzi ngenhlabathi kuyabulala.

Umanyolo: Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, i-alocasia idliwa njalo emavikini ayi-2-3. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo oyimbumba wamaminerali wezitshalo zasendlini.

Umswakama womoya: Ukufafaza kaningi nokugeza ngobumnene kwamaqabunga.

Ukufakelwa: Umhlabathi we-alocasia kumele ube nokudla okunempilo. Kutshalwa kabusha ngonyaka entwasahlobo, izitshalo zabantu abadala - ngemuva kweminyaka emibili. Ungasebenzisi inhlabathi enobumba esindayo - ingasithinta kabi isitshalo. Inhlabathi - ingxenye eyodwa yomhlaba enamaqabunga, 1 inxenye ye-coniferous, 1 ingxenye yepeat nezingxenye eziyi-0.5 zesihlabathi. Nge-alocasia ebomvu yethusi kanye ne-Amazonia, kufakwa izinkuni ezithambile (uphayini, i-spruce, njll.) Emhlabathini.

Ukuzala: Ngokuhlukanisa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, kanye nangezizukulwane, amehlo asikiwe uginindela esiqwini sotshani.

Ukunakekelwa

I-Alocasia isitshalo esingakhathali futhi esikhula ngokushesha, akunzima ukuyikhulisa nakubaqalayo abathanda izimbali zezimbali zasendlini. Uzizwa engcono endaweni ekhanyayo noma enombala omncane.. Ingatshalwa emafasiteleni okuvela empumalanga noma entshonalanga, ukukhanya kufanele kusakazeke. Emafasiteleni okuvezwa ngaseningizimu kuzodinga amandla adonsela phansi. Ungadala ukukhanya okufakwe isitshalo, isibonelo, nge-gauze noma ikhethini le-tulle.
Izimo ezinamaqabunga aqinile nazo zingatshalwa ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, kuyilapho ukukhanya okugcwele ukukhanya kufiseleka amafomu ahlukahlukene. Ezitshalweni ezincane, kukhanya okuningi kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula, kepha isitshalo kufanele sibe nomthunzi kusuka elangeni eliqondile.

I-Alocasia yi-thermophilic, ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ihlobo izinga lokushisa elilungile lisesigabeni sama-22-26 ° C, esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika yi-18-20 ° C. I-Alocasia kufanele ivikeleke kokusalungiswa.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla bakhala kakhulu. Ukuchelela kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana, isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuphuza, amanzi amaningi ngokweqile avela epanini kufanele athululwe. Ukuchelela okulandelayo kwenziwa lapho ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate selomile.

Ebusika, kunisiswe kancane, kunisele ngosuku ngemuva kongqimba oluphezulu lomile ongaphansi komhlaba. Ukomisa inqwaba yomhlaba, kanye nokubloga kwamanzi (ikakhulukazi ebusika), kungalimaza isitshalo!

I-Alocasia ithanda umswakama ophezulu, kepha, lapho kubanda futhi kunamafu, kunamanzi futhi kufafaza ngokucophelela. Ukwakha umswakama owengeziwe womoya, ungafaka imbiza ngesitshalo epallet enobumba obandisiwe olumanzi noma ngamatshe amatshe. Kulokhu, phansi kwembiza akufanele kuthinte amanzi. Kuyadingeka ukusula njalo amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi, uwahlanze othulini.

Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, njalo emavikini amabili bondliwa ngomanyolo wamaminerali nowokugaya izitshalo zasendlini.

I-Alocasia yokukhula okuhle idinga isendlalelo esivunyelwe kahle ukufinyeleleka umswakama nomoya ngokusabela okune-acidic (pH cishe ngo-5.5), okubandakanya iqabunga, umhlaba we-coniffort, i-peat nesihlabathi (1: 1: 1: 0.5) noma i-humus, iqabunga, i-turf land, Peat nesihlabathi (2: 2: 2: 1: 1). Ungasebenzisa ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi, equkethe iqabunga, i-peat, isihlabathi, i-sphagnum moss namalahle (1: 2: 6: 6: 3: 2). Kudingeka amanzi amnandi, izitshalo zitshalwa emabhodweni aphezulu.

I-Alocasia itshalwa ngenyanga kaMashi, izitshalo ezincane - njengoba kudingeka, abantu abadala - njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu, ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kungathathelwa indawo trans transmentment. Lesi sitshalo sidluliswa ngaphandle kokubhubhisa ikoma lobumba ebhodweni elikhudlwana (2-3 cm likhudlwana kuneyangaphambili).

Ukuzala

I-Alocasia isatshalaliswa entwasahlobo.: imbewu, inzalo noma yendodakazi nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes nokusika kwezimpawu.

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene azisakazwa yimbewu, ngoba izinhlamvu ezixubekile azizifaki. Hlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa, endaweni encane ekhanyayo (iqabunga noma isihlabathi se-peat), vala imbewu engajulile. Kufafazwa njalo, gcina izinga lokushisa lika-22- 20 C C, bese uvunguza umoya ngezikhathi ezithile. Izithombo zishayeka kabili, bese zitshalwa zenziwe amabhodwe ayi-7-centimeter. Izitshalo ezincane ziyafakelwa noma zitshalwe emva kokuba izimpande zibambe yonke inhlama yomhlaba. Izitshalo ezincane zakha amaqabunga amakhulu ngemuva konyaka.

Lapho izitshalo zisakazeka ngezilimo eziyizigaxa zezinzalo noma ngendodakazi, ukuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes nokusikwa kweziqu, izindawo zokusika zifafazwa ngamalahle. I-Rooting yenzeka kahle endimeni engatheni (ingxube yomhlaba we-peat nesihlabathi) ngokushisa okuphansi. Kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-20-23 ° C, njalo ufafaze, uthele i-substrate futhi uvule umoya ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukuphepha kokuphepha

Isitshalo sinobuthi futhi singacasula kakhulu ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, ama-rhizomes ezinhlobo ezithile ze-alocasia nawo anobuthi. Amacembe e-Alocasia aqukethe into enobuthi - hydrocyanic acid. Kunconywa ukusebenza ngamagilavu, kuthi ngemuva kokuqeda umsebenzi, ugeze izandla ngensipho. I-Alocasia kufanele itholakale ukuze ingafinyeleleki ezinganeni nasezilwaneni ezincane.

Ubunzima obungahle bube khona

Khula kancane kwesitshalo

Isizathu kungaba ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini. Kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo ngesixazululo se-urea (1g / l).

Kuqeda amaqabunga

Imbangela kungaba ukweqa ngokweqile noma ukuthambisa amanzi kokwehla kobumba. Lungisa ukuthambisa. Okunye isizathu kungaba yisigatshana esindayo ngokweqile. Miselela isigcawu esingezansi ngokufanelekile.

Amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo, amaqabunga aguquka

Isizathu kungaba ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Lungisa ukukhanya. Uma lesi sitshalo besibe semthunzini isikhathi eside, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukujwayela kancane kancane ukukhanya. Ebusika, ukukhanyisela emuva ngamalambu we-fluorescent kuyinto efiselekayo.

Amathiphu ansundu ansundu

Imbangela ingaba umoya omile kakhulu egumbini noma ukuntuleka kokunisela.

Isifo esijwayelekile kakhulu se-alocasia ukubola kwamaqabunga njengomphumela wokutheleleka kwezimpande. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokugcwala kwenhlabathi noma lapho isitshalo sithunyelwa emhlabathini osindayo. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-fundozole kuyenziwa, amaqabunga abolile ayasuswa, futhi kuyafiseleka ukufakelwa i-alocasia enhlabathini evulekile.

Elinye iphutha elijwayelekile elenziwa izimbali - ukumpontshelwa ebusika. Uma amabala wokubonakala enjengezilonda evela emaqabungeni e-alocasia yakho, afana nezilonda, khona-ke ukuthambisa isikhathi esithile kufanele kungafakwa.

Amabala ansundu emaqabungeni kukhombisa ukutheleleka kwe-powdery isikhutha. Ungayiqeda ngosizo lwama-fungicides aqukethe yethusi njenge-oxychoma, i-polycarbacin, i-cuproxate. I-Topsin, i-foundationazole ne-colloidal sulfure nazo ziyasebenza. Izindlela ezidumile zisiza kahle - ukufafaza nokuhlanza i-plaque emagqeni ngesixazululo sensipho.

Izinhlobo

I-alocasia enkulu enezimpande ezinkulu - I-Alocasia macrorrhizos.

Izwe Lasemakhaya - India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia. Isitshalo sikhulu impela ngosayizi-cm. isithombe sesitshalo. Iziqu zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama nokuningi, ama-petioles angaphezu kuka-1 m ubude. Iqabunga leqabunga li-ovate-cordate enama-lobging achazwe kahle achazwe phansi, futhi ubude bawo bube ngama-50 kuye kuma-90 cm nama-40-80 cm ububanzi. I-Peduncle engafika ku-30 cm ubude, eneveli elingaphezulu kotshani obuluhlaza, ubude obuyi-18-24 cm, cob olingana nobude beveli. Amajikijolo abomvu ngokugqamile, acwebezelayo aze afike ku-1 cm. Njengesitshalo esidliwayo nesinokwelapha (nezilimo eziyizigaxa - okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Giant taro) kuvamile ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ijusi emaqabungeni inobuthi (iqukethe i-hydrocyanic acid), kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa emithini yaseChina. Ukulungiswa kwesiqu kusetshenziselwa izinhlungu esiswini, amathumbu, izinyo kanye nekholera. I-tuber echotshoziwe isetshenziswa kumathumbu ahlukahlukene. Ukulungiselela kusuka emaqabungeni kanye nakuzo zonke izitshalo kuyanconywa ekwelapheni inyumoniya kanye nesifo sofuba.

I-Alocasia macrorrhizos photophilous, ingesabi ukushiswa yilanga, ibekezelela umjondolo. Ukunciphisa isiko, kungakhula ngamakamelo ngokushisa okuphakathi. A. macrorhizos, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, ilungele kakhulu amahhovisi kanye nama-Conservatories.

Uhlobo lwe-mosagata (i-Alocasia macrorrhizos var. Variegate) - luhlukile ezinhlotsheni zoqobo ezinamaqabunga ahlukanisiwe anamabala amakhulu amhlophe nosayizi omncane.

I-arocatic alocasia - I-Alocasia odora.

Sikhula eHimalaya, eningizimu ye-Indochina Peninsula, eTaiwan, ePhilippines. Isitshalo esinama-herbaceous esine-rhizome eminyene, eqinile, emfishane, ecishe ibe nethanga eliningi. Amahlumela aminyene aze afike ku-1m mude. Amaqabunga amahle, ngeziqu ezinde, anesikhumba, anamanzi. Ubude bamaqabunga bungafinyelela imitha eyi-1 kanye nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-60-80. Amaqabunga amancanyana yi-thyroid, amadala yi-ovoid emincane, cishe nomugqa, onesisekelo esidwetshiwe somcibisholo. Izingxenye ezingezansi ezivikelekile zepuleti zahlangana ne-petiole. I-inflorescence yindlebe yommbila. Izimbali ze-Sedentary ezinephunga elithile. Ukubekwa kombhede kungama-20 cm ubude; kumboza indlebe, ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ama-blooms asendlini akuvamile.

I-Copper red alocasia - indebe ye-Alocasia.

Ezasekhaya - cishe. Kalimantan. Enye ye-alocasias eyingqayizivele yokuhlobisa naphakathi. Khula uze ufike ku-10 cm ubude. (imvamisa ngaphansi komhlaba). Ama-petioles angama-20-30 cm ubude, i-lamina i-ovate yenhliziyo, iqondiswe mpo, ifike ku-25-35 cm ubude, 14-17 cm ububanzi, isigamu sesikhumba, ubhedu-luhlaza ngenhla nge-sheen yensimbi, onsomi obukhulu ngezansi; i-petiole ifakwe epuleteni le-thyroid (hhayi emaphethelweni epuleti, kepha ebangeni elithile ukusuka kulo); endaweni yokunamathiselwa ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwepuleti - ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo. Ama-Peduncle aqoqe u-2-3 kuye ku-10-15 cm ubude, onsomi onsomi. I-Coverlet efinyelela ku-15 cm ubude ngobubanzi obuyi-8 cm; izindlebe zihlala zimfishane kunezembozo. Esikhathini isiko alimani izithelo. Isitshalo siqukethe ujusi onobuthi, obangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ngakho-ke udinga ukusebenza ngamagilavu enjoloba futhi ugeze izandla zakho kahle ngemuva komsebenzi.

I-Alocasia Black Velvet (i-Alocasia reginula A. Hay 'iBlack Velvet').

Ezasekhaya - Borneo. Khula uze ufike ku-10 cm ubude. I-Petiole efinyelela ku-15-25 cm ubude, i-blade inhliziyo-ovate, i-velvety, i-black burgundy phezulu, imithambo yakha iphethini emhlophe, ipuleti eliluhlaza oluphansi lufika ku-25-35 cm ubude nama-20-25 cm ububanzi. I-Peduncle efinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, ikhava limhlophe-lipinki, ubude buzi-7 cm. ngendlebe epinki. Ngokuvamile kuqhakaza ezimweni zasekamelweni.

I-Alocasia reginula (i-Alocasia reginula) -Differs from the 'Black Velvet' ngoba amaqabunga ayo acwebezelayo futhi aluhlaza mnyama ngensimbi ende. I-A. reginula ne-'Black Velvet 'ziyizithombe, zibekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, kepha kufanele zibe nomthunzi phakathi nosuku. Yenza i-shading.