IStreptocarpus isho izitshalo ezihlala zisetshenziswa, eziqhakaza izimbali ngokubabazekayo. Ungummeleli womndeni wakwaGesneriaceae. Isitshalo sathola igama laso sibonga izithelo - ibhodwe elisontekile. Kuhunyushwe kusuka kulimi lwakudala lwesiGreek, kusho "izithelo ezisontekile." Emvelweni, kukhona cishe Izinhlobo eziyi-140 streptocarpus. Zitholakala ezindlovu zezintaba nasezihlathini zemvula ezinomswakama omkhulu. Izwe lakubo liyisiqhingi saseMadagascar, iNingizimu ne-Equatorial Africa, Southeast Asia.
Kukhona ama-streptocarpuses, angama-xerophytes. Zikhula ezindaweni eziyomile, zijwayela ukungabi bikho kwamanzi. Kukhona izimbali zasehlathini ezikhula ezindaweni ezinomthunzi eduze kwamachibi. I-Streptocarpus ingaba yisitshalo sonyaka, esingapheli, esi-herbaceous nes shrub.
Lezi zimbali ezinhle zokutshala ezimweni zamakamelo zaqala kudala. Kepha, ngeshwa, abakaze basebenzise ukuthandwa okukhethekile. Esikhathini sethu, ngomsebenzi obudabukisa kakhulu wabafuyi, kuye kwenziwa izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ze-streptocarpus ezihlukaniswa ubuhle babo obukhethekile.
Isikimu sombala salezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo sehlukahlukene. Cishe awukwazi ukuthola esinye isitshalo esinephalethi emangalisa kangaka yemibala. Kunama-streptocarpus anezimbali ophuzi, ezimhlophe, ezipinki, ezibomvu, ezibubende, eziluhlaza okotshani futhi zimnyama. Kunama-streptocarpus anemibala emibili, kanye nezinhlobo ezinamaphethini ahlukahlukene - amabala, amanetha, imisebe, amachashazi. Ukwakheka kwama-petals nakho kuhlukile - kuyindilinga ngomphetho we-wavy noma i-oval. Izimbali, ezilula futhi eziphindwe kabili, eziphindwe kabili. Finyelela ngo-2-9 cm ubukhulu. Izimbali ezincane zingaphezulu kwe-peduncle. Isikhathi sezimbali ze-lithophyte zinde impela - kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ngokukhanyisa okufanele, lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza unyaka wonke. I-streptocarpus ayidingi isikhathi sokuphumula ngenkathi ebandayo.
Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga aphezulu aqoqwe ku-rosette eyisisekelo. Ubukhulu bamaqabunga, kuya ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo, buhlukile. Amaqabunga ezinhlobo ezincane ze-hybrid ezincane. Ezinye izinhlobo zinamaqabunga angama-30 cm. Kunezinhlobo zezinhlamvu ezinehlamvu elilodwa kuphela. Umbala weqabunga ovame kakhulu luhlaza. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu ahlukahlukene. Izithelo pod. Kukhona imbewu kuyo.
Kulula ukunakekela ama-streptocarpuses kune-senpolis. Zingatshalwa kuma-sill e-windows, kuvulandi, emakhosombeni nasezindongeni ezingaphandle. Inzalo entsha yale mbali inesizotha kulula ukuyithola. Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza isitshalo.
Njengomthetho, ama-streptocarpuses akhethwa abatshali bezimbali abahlala ezindlini ezinobukhulu obukhulu. Lesi sitshalo asidingi isikhala esiningi.
IStreptocarpus idume kakhulu eMelika. Ezweni lethu, abatshali bezimbali abaningi bayasithanda lesi sitshalo sezimbali.
Nakekela i-streptocarpus ekhaya
Isibani
IStreptocarpus isitshalo esibonisa isithombe. Kokubili izibani zemvelo nokukhanya okufakwayo kuyamfanela. Uzozizwa ekhululekile kakhulu emafasiteleni asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Uma imbali izokhula efasiteleni eliseningizimu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, khona-ke kuzoba yinkinga enkulu. Kulokhu, kumele ifakwe umdwebo ngendwangu ekhanyayo ukuze ingashisi ngokweqile. Ebusika, amafasitela aseningizimu kuphela afanele i-streptocarpuses, ngoba akhetha amahora amade, futhi ngesikhathi sekwindla-nobusika adinga ukukhanyiswa okwengeziwe.
Ukushisa
Isitshalo sivumelana kahle nezinga lokushisa lasekamelweni elijwayelekile ezindlini. IStreptocarpus ikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa angama-20-25 degrees ngesizini efudumele. Ebusika, uzoba ntofontofo futhi emazingeni aphansi okushisa. Kepha akufanele iwele ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-14. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izimbali ezinomusa azikwazi ukumelana nokushisa, ukushisa kuzilimaza. Ehlobo, i-streptocarpus kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile nenomoya omncane. Uyothanda nendawo evulandi.
Umswakama
Imbali enesizotha ithanda umswakama ebangeni lama-50-70%. Uma kunezinkomba eziphansi, lesi sitshalo sizokhula ngendlela ejwayelekile. IStreptocarpus ithanda ukufafaza ngesimo sezipanji ezincane.
Ukunisela
IStreptocarpus ayibekezeleli amanzi alukhuni, ngakho-ke amanzi athambile, avikelwe kahle ayathelwa ukunisela. Nisela isitshalo emaphethelweni ebhodwe. Ukuchelela ngokweqile kungalimaza isitshalo. Kuholela ekuboshweni kwezimpande. Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid zinobunzima obunamaqabunga amancane, ngakho-ke awukho umswakama omningi ophuma. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganisela. Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo iyaniselwa njengoba umhlabathi womile.
Ngesikhathi sokunisela, i-streptocarpus izozibonakalisa. Uma umhlaba umiswe ngokweqile, amaqabunga esitshalo awela phansi abune. Lapho inisela, ziyabuyiselwa.
Umanyolo
Zonke izitshalo eziqhakaza kakhulu ziqeda umhlabathi ngokushesha, ngakho-ke zidinga ukondliwa njalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kumanyolo kusetshenziswa kanye ngesonto.
Ukufakelwa
IStreptocarpus inohlelo olukhulu lomhlaba olugcwalisa ngokushesha imbiza. Izitsha ezincanyana azilungele isitshalo. Okuthandwayo kufanele kunikezwe amabhodwe aphansi futhi abanzi enziwe ngeplastiki. Ngokusebenzisa amabhodwe obumba, kunengozi enkulu yokulimaza izimpande zesitshalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Ukuze amanzi angagxili ezimpandeni, kufakwa amanzi kahle ezansi kwethangi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-streptocarpuses angawokuzenzakalelayo, aphila okuncane. Balahlekelwa ukukhanga kwabo osekuvele ngonyaka wesithathu. Uma zikhula ngendlela yesihlahla, kufanele zivuselelwe ngokuhlelekile, zihlukanise zibe izingxenye.
Inhlabathi
Isidingo esikhulu somhlabathi sokukhula kwe-streptocarpuses ukugcwaliseka komoya okuhle. Isitshalo sikhula kangcono emhlabeni we-porous, esidlula umswakama kahle. Isendlalelo esicashile se-senpolia ngokufakwa kwe-peat ilungele imibala nenhle.
Ingxube yenhlabathi nayo ingalungiswa ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha ama-humus aqobayo, isihlabathi, amagxolo kanye ne-peat. IStreptocarpus ilungele ukwakhiwa komhlaba ongaphansi komhlaba kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ze-peat, perlite ne-vermiculite. Abanye abalimi basebenzisa enye ingxube - ukhuni oluqinile, oqoshiwe we-moss sphagnum, i-vermiculite ne-peat.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela eziningi zokusakaza i-streptocarpuses - ukuhlukanisa isihlahla, ukusikwa kwamahlamvu kanye nembewu.
Indlela elula yokuthola isitshalo esisha ukwahlukanisa isihlahla. Lapho isihlahla sikamama sikhula ngokuqinile, sinqunywa sibe izingxenye eziningi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Ngenxa yesihlahla esisodwa, ungathola cishe ama-streptocarpus amasha. Kulokhu, isihlahla esinezimpande siqala ukuqhakaza ngokushesha.
Abalimi abavamisile impela bavame ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezintsha ze-streptocarpuses ngenxa yezihlahla ezinamaqabunga. Le ndlela ayilula neze, kepha abalimi abanolwazi kusuka kuqabunga elilodwa ngo-5-6 cm ngosayizi bayakwazi ukuthola izingane ezingaphezu kwe-10.
Isikhathi esifanelekile sokusakazwa ngokusikwa kwamahlamvu kusentwasahlobo. Amahlamvu amile kahle emanzini. Noma kunjalo, kukhona umehluko omncane. Isiqu seqabunga sifushane, ngakho-ke izingcezu zezinwele zilolwa kancane bese zibekwa kuphela emanzini. Isiqu sakhiwe kahle, kepha iqabunga lingabola.
Ukuze ubambe izimpande, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube yenhlabathi yama-violets, exutywe ne-peat ne-vermiculite. I-substrate ye-peat ne-vermiculite nayo ifanelekile.
Ukuze usike izingcezu ezinamaqabunga, kusetshenziswa izinkomishi ezijwayelekile zepulasitiki, ezansi zazo zimbozwe ngesendlalelo esincanyana sogwebu lwe-polystyrene njenge-drainage. Kufanele kube nomgodi ezansi wethangi ukukhipha amanzi. Kepha kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa iziqukathi zokudla zemikhiqizo enamabhodlela wokuzala.
Ukuze usakaze lesi sitshalo, udinga ucezu lukapuleti wamaqabunga olinganisa ama-60-6 cm. Imithambo yeqabunga ibonakala kahle ezansi kweqabunga. Uma utshala lonke iqabunga ngokuqondile, uzokwazi ukuthola ingane eyodwa kuphela. Ukuthola izingane eziningi ngommese obukhali futhi oyinyumba, ishidi lisikwa libe izicucu eziningana.
Ungatshala izingcezu ezimbili zezinhlamvu kucezu oluncane noma uhlukanise phezulu kweshidi bese ulitshala ngokuqondile.
Kusukela kumithambo ye-cut transverse, izingane ziyohluma. Ukuze uthuthukise umphumela, izingcezu kufanele ziphathwe ngokuvuselela izimpande (isibonelo, izimpande).
Ukuze uvimbele izingcezu zingomile, zifakwa kwigreenhouse eluhlaza. Kubekwa isikhwama sepulasitiki ngaphezulu kwenkomishi yepulasitiki. Ungawenza lula umsebenzi lowo ngokusebenzisa isitsha sepulasitiki esinesembozo esivaliwe futhi esivulwe lapho kungenwa umoya omncane lapho kufakwa amafomu kuwo.
Kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka sengathi iqabunga selishonile. Isikhathi sizodlula, siyothatha izimpande futhi siphile. Inqubo yokubamba imbala ihlala isikhathi eside impela - cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Kulokhu, ukomiswa kwengxenye yobumba kufanele kugwenywe. Ukusuka kumswakama ngokweqile, iqabunga lingabola. Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukuhluma lingama-20- 24 degrees.
Kuze kukhule izingane, azidingi ukuhlala phansi. Zitshalwa kuphela lapho zinwebeka kufika ku-2 cm. Imbiza yepulasitiki enobubanzi obuyi-7-9 cm ilungele bona.
Izinkinga nobunzima obukhona
Amaqabunga angama-Sluggish angumphumela wokunisela okungafanele kwe-streptocarpus. Uma "zilenga" futhi inhlabathi ebhodweni isinamanzi, izimpande zibolile futhi isitshalo sizofa kungekudala. Ingasindiswa kuphela ngokufakelwa kanye nokubhula kwezimpande zamaqabunga (ukuze baphile, babekwa isikhathi esithile emanzini).
Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi, lesi sitshalo sathola ukushiswa yilanga. Kungcono ukuyifaka. Amathiphu owomile akhombisa umoya owomile egumbini noma ebhodweni elinyinyekile. Lapho kuvela umucu othi "ukugqwala", kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukunisela nenani lezingubo eziphezulu.
Uma isitshalo siqhakaza, asinakho ukukhanya. Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi amahora okukhanya kwelanga e-streptocarpus kufanele aqhubeke amahora angu-12-16. Uma kunokukhanya okunganele, kubalulekile ukubeka isibani.
