Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, abanikazi beziza zasendlini bafuna ukuthola izilwane ezincane futhi bavuselele inani lezinkukhu besebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile - i-incubator. Isisekelo esibalulekile izinga lokushisa ku-incubator elenza amaqanda enkukhu, ngoba imiphumela yokuqhekeka nempilo yezinkukhu, futhi nekhwalithi yamaqanda abo, incike kuyo.
Isigaba sokulungiselela
Noma yimuphi umlimi ongenaso ngisho isipiliyoni kuleli bhizinisi angahlanganyela ekufuyeni izinkukhu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuzalwa kwezinkukhu ezincane akuwona nje umcimbi omnandi, kepha futhi nokuxhaswa okuhle kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Uma ufuna, ngokwandisa isibalo sezikhukhula zokubeka, ungenza inzuzo ngokuthengisa amaqanda.
Ukuze izindlela zokulungiselela zisebenze ziphumelele, kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcinwe umthetho wokushisa ku-incubator wamaqanda enkukhu. Ikhwalithi yenzalo - ukusinda kwayo nempilo, kuya ngekhwalithi yezinto eziqoqiwe kanye nokuhambisana nemibandela yezimo zokushisa nomswakama, kanye nasekuthotsheni i-ventilation kanye nokujika.
Amaqanda avele esikhukwini kusihlwa nasebusuku (kusuka ngo-20,00 kuye ku-8,00) awakulungele ukusetshenziswa ku-incubator, cishe awakwazi ukuzaliswa. Kungcono ukukhetha amaqanda abekwe ntambama noma isikhathi sasemini.
Ukukhethwa kwamaqanda okufukelwa kungafani nemithetho yokukhetha amaqanda we-goose, duck neqanda le-turkey.
Ukuhambisana
Ukuze uqonde izici zokugcinwa kweqanda ku-incubator futhi uhambisane nezimo ezifanele, kubalulekile ukunaka ipharamitha efana nokushisa ku-incubator kwamaqanda enkukhu. Ithebula elingezansi liqukethe amanani wamapharamitha afanele anikela ekutholeni inzalo enempilo.
Inqubo yokufakwa ekufukweni ihlukaniswe ngokwezigaba ezi-4, isikhathi ngasinye sazo sisukela osukwini olungu-1 kuya ngesonto:
- Esigabeni sokuqala (kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-12), ukwakheka kwenkukhu yesikhathi esizayo kwenzeka.
- Ngolwesibili - ezinsukwini ezingama-4-5 ezilandelayo, inqubo yokwenziwa.
- Isigaba sesithathu siqala kusukela osukwini lwe-18 futhi siqhubeke kuze kube yilapho umntwana egwinya.
- Esigabeni sokugcina (izinsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwezi-21), izinsana zikhuthele ngaphandle kwegobolondo.
Kulesi sigaba ngasinye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina imikhawulo efanelekile yohulumeni bokushisa, okuzovumela ukubuka umbuso wokufakwa. Ngokuya esigabeni sokwakhiwa kwencanyana, izinkomba zokushisa, umswakama, kanye nezici zokushintshwa komoya omncane.
Ngaphambi kokulala kumathileyi, amaqanda afudunyezwa ku-25 C, loku lokushisa kwegumbi. Ngemuva kwalokho izinga lokushisa lizoshintsha kancane kancane. Lesi sibalo sikhombisa izinguquko ezimeni zokufukelwa kwamaqanda enkukhu ngosuku.
Isigaba sokuqala
Inkomba ingu-+37.6 - +38 C (ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-3-5 futhi ingaphezu kwalokho - + 38.3 C, bese iqala ukuncipha kancane kancane) kwi-thermometer eyomile, futhi esimweni esimanzi le nkomba kufanele ibe ngu-+ 29 C, usayizi womswakama - ngaphansi kwama-65-70%. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqanda kufanele ajikelezwe njalo ngamahora ambalwa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, inkukhu iyazenzela ngokwayo. Amanye amamodeli we-incubator anenketho yokujikeleza eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Kuyadingeka ukwenza lezi zinqubo ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kombungu osodongeni, lokhu kuzobandakanya ukufa.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umbungu udinga izimo zikhululekile kakhulu "zesimo sezulu", ngoba umzimba wombungu ukhula, nokwakheka kwawo ngokuphelele kwenzeka. Akudingekile ukukhipha amaqanda.
Isigaba sesibili
Isikhombisi sokushisa ku-incubator yamaqanda enkukhu sincipha kancane - +37.5 C. Udinga ukuguqula futhi udlulise amaqanda okungenani amahlandla ambalwa ngosuku, inkomba yomswakama iyehla ifike ku-55%. Amaqanda akhishwa umoya ngalesi sikhathi izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku, imizuzu emi-5.
Isigaba sesithathu
Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izinqubo zenzeka ngaphansi kwe-auspices yokusakazwa komoya, ngoba kunokwanda kwe-metabolism kanye namagesi. Ngalesi sikhathi, yonke indawo engaphakathi kweqanda igcwele umbungu, futhi isilidi seluzwakala ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Izinga lokushisa lokufakwa kwamaqanda enkukhu ku-incubator kufanele libe ngu-+ 37,5 C. Ukudonsa kwenziwa kabili ngosuku, isikhathi ngasinye imizuzu engama-20.
Isigaba sesine
Kuyadingeka ukudala yonke imibandela yesikhathi sokugcina. Ukushisa kwehla kancane, kuya ku-37.2 C, ku-thermometer emanzi, inkomba yokushisa ku-incubator yamaqanda enkukhu kufanele ibe ngu-31 C. Isikhombisi somswakama somoya silethwa ku-70%.
Ukushisa ukushisa kufanele kwandiswe, uma kungenzeka, kubalulekile ukubeka umoya omncane. Amaqanda kufanele alale ezinhlangothini zawo, ngokuhambisana nendawo ethile, ukuguquka akunikezwanga. Iphuphu lenza umsindo ozolile, okhombisa isimo salo esejwayelekile. Ukudayiswa kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku, imizuzu emi-5.
Ukubamba amachwane
Amazinga okushisa okufaka okufakwe lapho kufakwe amachwane lapho kufanele alondoloze izinga lokushisa elifanayo, futhi kufanele lisuke ku-+37 C liye ku-37.5 C. Amachwane amancanyana ngemuva kokoma kukhethiwe bese kuthunyelwa ibhokisi elihlukile lapho kuzanywa khona kuqala futhi kufudunyezwa.
Okubalulekile ukwazi
Izilinganiso zithathwa njalo emahoreni angama-2-3 ngaphezulu kweqanda. Ukuze uthole ukukala, kufanele unamathisele ibhola le-mercury eduze ne-nougat lapho kukhona umbungu khona. Ngokususelwa kumatafula, udinga ukuqhathanisa imininingwane yabo naleyo oyitholile. Uma ukushisa ngokweqile kubonakala, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinkomba zokushisa ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho umbungu ngeke usinde.
Kufanele kubhekwe ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yesibili yesikhathi sokufakwa, ngoba ehlobo izinga lokushisa lomoya lingafinyelela ku-30 C noma ngaphezulu, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi amaqanda azodonsa ngokweqile. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukupholisa umoya ngokushaya, kepha amaqanda awadingi ukukhishwa ku-incubator. Isikhathi senqubo sifinyelela kumaminithi angama-40, kuze kufike ipharamitha oyifunayo ebusweni.
Isifudumezi sokushisa sasekhaya samaqanda enkukhu iyithuluzi elisebenzayo elizokuvumela ukuthi uthole imfuyo yezinkukhu ngezimo ezifanele nezemvelo.
