I-Euonymus isitshalo esikhazimulayo

Ama-Euonymos asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlobiseni ingadi - kokubini emaceleni owodwa nakumaqembu, noma lapho enza uthango. Umqhele weleveli ubenza bakhange ikakhulukazi - amaqabunga amancane amancane amahlumela anamahlumela amaningi enza umhlobiso oyinkimbinkimbi. Oluhlaza okotshani ehlobo, ngokuqala kwekwindla, bashintsha ngesonto nje, bathola zonke izithunzi ezibomvu. Izithelo ezivuthiwe, ezifana namalambu angajwayelekile, nazo zihlobisa ingadi.

I-Euonymus (I-Euonymus) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni wakwaBereskletovye (Celastraceae) Igama lesayensi u-Euonymus (uLinnaeus wasebenzisa u-Evonymus) lisuselwa egameni lesi Latin, elibuyela emuva esiGrekini. I-ευ yinhle, ilungile, futhi i-όíiμcy igama. Okusho ukuthi, u-Euonymus uyisitshalo "esinegama elihle", "uyakhazimula."

I-euonymus kaFortune "i-Emerald Gold". (U-Euonymus fortunei 'u-Emerald Gold')

Izitshalo ze-eucalyptus zikhula endaweni egcwele amahlathi anwebekile futhi axutshwe ikakhulukazi esifundeni esishisayo nesithambile sawo womabili ama-hemispheres (ngaphandle kwezifunda ezisenyakatho ngokwedlulele), futhi akuvamile ukutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo.

Uhlobo lwe-Beresklet luhlanganisa izihlahla eziphansi ezihlala ziqinile futhi ezihlala ziluhlaza noma izihlahlana ezine-tetrahedral noma amahlumela ayindilinga, zivame ukukhula ukukhula kukakhokho, amacembe abushelelezi.

Izimbali ezincane ze-Nondescript ze-euonymus, ezinombala ogqamile - ngombala obomvana noma o-brownish, ziqoqwe ngo-4-5 ku-axillary multifloral corymbose noma kuma-inflorescence ama -hlanga Okuqukethe amathuna angama-4-5, ama-4-5 ama-petals kanye nama-stamens amaningi kanye ne-pestle enama-ovary ama-3-5.

Hamilton euonymus. © uJean-Pol GRANDMONT

Mayelana nezithelo ze-euonymus kufanele zishiwo zodwa. Isithelo se-euonymus kapende owomile, onesikhumba, uvame ukuba nezigaba ezine, ngaphakathi kuzo kukhona imbewu emhlophe, ebomvu noma nsundu embozwe ngezicubu ezinamanzi - isithombo. I-Hellwort ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile ze-euonymus inemibala e-orange, ebomvu noma nsundu. Ehlobo, amakhebuli aluhlaza aluhlaza okwesikhashana awabonakali, kodwa ngoSepthemba azothola umbala ogqamile. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, zingaba ophuzi, opinki, obomvu, okusajingijolo, obomvu noma onsomi omnyama. I-euonymus yaseYurophu esikweni inefomu lasekuqaleni elimhlophe-izithelo (i- "Alba").

Ukuhlobisa i-euonymus

Ngokuphikisana nesizinda samaqabunga aluhlaza we-euonymus, izimbali ezigqamile zezithelo ezikhanyayo zibukeka zihlukile ngendlela emangalisayo. Kude kubukeka sengathi lesi sitshalo siyaqhakaza. Lapho kufika isikhathi 'sokushiswa' kwamaqabunga, amabhokisi ayaqhekeka lapho esethuka, enza i- “parachute”, lapho “parachutists” elenga ngaphansi kwemilenze emifushane - imbewu eziningana embozwe izithombo. Ama-euonymos kuphela anezithelo zokuqala ezinjalo. Ngokuqondene nobuthi babo, abubi yingozi njengoba kuvezwa kwezinye izincwadi. Izithelo ze-euonymus empeleni ziqukethe ama-alkaloid amaningi anobuthi, kepha kuyodingeka udle eziningi zazo ukuze unoshe ubuthi umuntu omdala.

U-Euonymus alatus winged euonymus

Enye into ephawuleka kakhulu yokuhlobisa ye-euonymus amahlumela amancane ambozwe ngokhuni oluhlaza okotshani noma onsundu. Kwezinye izinhlobo, zijwayelekile, zizungezile esigabeni (ezinamaphiko amakhulu, iSakhalin, i-euonymus esezingeni eliphansi), kwezinye - i-tetrahedral (eugamaus, i-European, Siebold, iMaak, i-Bunge, iHamilton) enemigqa emincane emide. Kodwa kukhona ezinye (ezinamaphiko, ukhokho, i-euonymus engcwele), lapho esikhundleni sokugudluza eduze kokudubula okuncane kukhona izimbambo ezine zikakhokho ezibukhali, ezinikeza isihlahla ukubukeka okungafani nalokhu, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho iqhwa lihlala kulezi zimbambo. Izinhlobo zethu zomdabu, i-warty euonymus, etholakala ezindaweni ezinomthunzi wamahlathi amaningi aseRussia, ihlukile kubalingani bayo kumagxolo aluhlaza embozwe ngama warts amaningi ansundu.

Izici zokukhula kwe-euonymus

IndawoIzici: Ukukhanya kokukhanya kuhlukile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuphandle, kungcono ukutshala iMaak euonymus. Emthunzini oyingxenye, phakathi kwezihlahla ezinde ezikhule kakhulu kuzoba ngcono i-European ne-warty euonymus. Endaweni enomthunzi emngceleni wesayithi, uthola uthango lwangempela kusuka ngcwele noma kuSakhalin euonymus. Lapho udala iqembu lokuhlobisa emthambekeni, kungcono ukhethe amaphiko amakhulu noSakhalin euonymus, lapho angakhula khona kahle ngenxa yokugawulwa kwegatsha elingaphansi. I-Eucalyptus igesi nentuthu engamelana nayo, ngenxa yalokho, ibuyiselana kalula nezimo zasemadolobheni.

Inhlabathi ye-euonymus: okudingayo ekucebeni kwenhlabathi kanye nase-aeration. Ungabekezeleli umswakama omile. Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo i-euonymus kusiko, kudingeka inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkali; ulamula kufanele ungezwe kunhlabathi ene-acidic. Ukuze ube nezithelo ezinhle, kunconyelwa ukufaka umanyolo we-organic namaminerali, enhlabathini enobumba - isihlabathi.

Ukushisa: Okuhle kakhulu nge-euonymus ngamagumbi okushisa asebusika ka-2 kuya ku-8 degrees ezinhlamvini ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza namadigri ayi-6 kuye kwayi-16 ezitshalo ezihlobisiwe. Lezi zingadi zasebusika ezipholile, ama-loggias afudumele namanye amakamelo. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elinganiselwe lama-degree angama-20 liyathandeka ku-euonymus. Izimo ezomile nezishisayo ziyingozi, ngoba zinomthelela ekusakazekeni nasekulimazeni okukhulu kwamaqabunga ngokukhishwa.

Ukunisela i-euonymus kulawulwa ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa, ukusuka ngokulingana kuya kokuphakathi ngokulinganayo ebusika. Isigaxa sobumba akufanele some okuningi, lokhu kungasicekela phansi isitshalo.

Ukudluliselwa kwezitshalo ezincane kwenziwa minyaka yonke ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Izinhlobo zakudala ze-eugamaus zingabiliselwa kabusha kaningi. Musa ukuhlanganisa ukufakelwa kanye nokuthena okunamandla kokulwa nokuguga. Ingxubevange yomhlaba yenhlanganisela yefudu noma inhlabathi engadini nesihlabathi, ngezengezo ezincane zomquba, i-peat ne-humus.

Ukuzalela kwesihlahla esikhulu

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-euonymus zizala kabusha kahle ngendlela engokwemvelo: ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, inzalo yezimpande, ukusika okuluhlaza. Okokugcina, ngoJuni-Julayi, abancane, kodwa sekuvele kukhethwe amahlumela amahle kakhulu. Ama-cutways angama-4-6 cm amade nge-internode eyodwa asikiwe kuwo. Zitshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngaphansi kwefilimu engxenyeni engaphansi yomhlabathi evundile, ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi kuthululelwa ungqimba lwama-cm angama-5 cm. Izimpande zikhula ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5.

Ukuzala kabusha imbewu ye-euonymus kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Lapho sihlwanyelwa ngaphandle kokuhlwaywa nangokwemvelo, inqwaba yembewu iqhuma kuphela entwasahlobo yesibili. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa, imbewu ye-euonymus kufanele ihlukaniswe, ihlanganiswe ne-coarse-gravel, sand calcine noma i-peat umswakama we-sphagnum ongaboli kahle ku-ratio 1: 2. IStratification yenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, imbewu ye-euonymus igcinwa emazingeni okushisa ayi-10-12 ° C izinyanga ezi-3-4. Lapho igobolondo liqhuma ngobuningi (70-80%), izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe ngu-0-plus 3 futhi ligcinwe kulezo zimo ezinye izinyanga ezingama-4-5. Ukuvimbela ukubola ngaphambi kokubeka imbewu kufanele kuhlanzwe izithombo bese kufakwe kwisisombululo se-0.5% se-potanganum permanganate.

Hlwanyela emibhedeni ngemifino engashayi phansi (cishe 2 cm) endaweni engaphansi kweshidi ne-turf inhlabathi, i-humus nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-4: 1: 2: 1. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kunconyelwa ukuthi kufakwe izithombo zezihlahla ze-mulch euonymus nge-peat crust enesendlalelo esingu-3 cm. Ehlobo, izitshalo ziyaniselwa futhi zinikezwe nge-mullein, futhi zimbozwe nge-lapnik ebusika. Ngonyaka wesithathu badluliselwa endaweni engapheli.

Izinhlobo ze-euonymus

UWarty euonymus - U-Euonymus verrucosus

Ezweni lasekhaya - izixuku ezifudumele ze-Eurasia. Shrub kuze kufike ku-3,5 m ukuphakama, okuvamisile ukuthi isihlahla esincane sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-6. Amahlumela amasha aluhlaza, embozwe ngama warts amnyama-nsundu. Izimbali kuma-peduncle amade. Iqhakaza ngoMeyi - Juni. Ibhokisi line-4-lobed, pink-red ngokubomvu. Imbewu imnyama noma i-grey, isigamu simbozwe ngotshani obomvu noma obomvana osawolintshi. Izithelo uvuthwe ngo-Agasti - Septhemba.

U-Euonymus warty. © Franz Xaver

I-euonymus yaseYurophu - U-Euonymus europaeus

Izwe - iYurophu. I-Shrub noma isihlahla esifinyelela kumamitha angama-7 ukuphakama. Ukhula lukakhokho emagatsheni luyimpawu, lubanikeze ukwakheka okungama-4. Izimbali ezinamacembe aluhlaza kuma-peduncle amafushane. Iqhakaza ngoMeyi - Juni. Izithelo uvuthwe ngoSepthemba - Okthoba. Amabhokisi apinki, imbewu imhlophe, imnyama noma ibomvu okhanyayo, embozwe ngokuphelele yisithombo. Ukubekezelela isomiso.

I-euonymus yaseYurophu, noma iBruslin. © DM

I-Dwarfish euonymus - i-Euonymus nanus

Kutholakala njengo - Euonymus nana. Ezweni lasekhaya - izifunda ezifudumele zase-Eurasia. Amahlumela atholakala phezulu, afinyelela kumitha eli-1 ukuphakama. Kushiya ama-cm cm angama-4,5 ubude, ama-lanceolate amancanyana, angafakelwa amazinyo kahle. Izithelo zingamakhompiyutha aphuzi aphuzi ngombala, avuthwe ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Umthunzi-onothando. Okusakazwa imbewu, cuttings, layering, ukuhlukaniswa sezihlahla.

I-euonymus incane. © peganum

I-winged euonymus - u-Euonymus alatus

Kwenzeka njenge-al alata, noma njengesihlahla esi-spindle esingcwele (i-Euonymus sacrosanctus Koidz.). Ngokusho kwe-taxonomy yesiNgisi, isihlahla esingcwele se-spindle (i-Ecyosanctus Koidz.) Sifana ne-spindle e-mapiko. ama-pubescens (i-Euonymus alatus var. pubescens Maxim.).

Ekhaya - iMpumalanga Ekude - isihlahla esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo - kuze kufike kumitha eyi-1, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kube ngaphezulu. Amagatsha amasha aluhlaza okotshani, oyindilinga oyindilinga, anamaphiko okhukhunathi aluhlaza aze afinyelela ku-0.5 cm.Izithelo ezihlobisayo zingamakhompiyitha abomvu amnyama amnyama. Umbala weqabunga le-Autumn ubomvu okhanyayo. Kubekezelela umthunzi.

U-Eugamaus winged. © Martin LaBar

I-Beresklet Semenova - U-Euonymus semenovii

Ezasekhaya - izintaba zaseCentral Asia, lapho ikhula khona ngaphansi kwesihlahla sehlathi. Shrub kuze kufike kumitha elilodwa ukuphakama, kuvame ukukhamba. Amaqabunga anombala ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, onama-petioles amafushane, ama-ovate-lanceolate asesimweni, angama-1.5-6 cm ubude nama-0.5-2 cm ububanzi. Izimbali mncane, onsomi omnyama, onemiphetho eluhlaza okotshani, aqoqwe kwizambulela ezincane emaphethelweni amahlumela. Iqhakaza ngoJulayi, ithela izithelo ngo-Agasti. Kubekezelela umthunzi. Ubusika -qinile. Prefers izindawo ezinomthunzi ngomswakama olinganiselayo. Kusakazwa imbewu.

I-Fortune's Euonymus - U-Euonymus fortunei

Homeland - shrub yaseChina i-30-60 cm amade, ngamamitha amade, afinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Amagatsha asezindaweni ezikhula ngezimpande, akhuphuka kusekelwa, uma ekhona. Amaqabunga mancane, angama-elliptical, akhombe, anesikhumba, aze afike ku-2-6 cm ubude. Ukubekezelela isomiso. Ukumelana negesi. Ama-prefers aqala inhlabathi evundisiwe. I-euonymos evikela kakhulu eqandeni. Ilungiselela umthunzi oyingxenye, kepha iyakwazi ukumelana nelanga elivulekile, yize ikhula kakhulu. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa. Phakathi kwazo: "I-Emerald eGolide" - amaqabunga asemancane ane-edging ephuzi ekhanyayo, eba ukukhanya okuluhlaza ngokweminyaka, futhi ebusika - kubomvu-nsundu. Kuvunyelwe ukukhulisa lolu hlobo lwe-euonymus ezimweni zekamelo, uma kungenzeka ukuthi ulunikeze ubusika obubandayo. Emgqeni ophakathi emoyeni ovulekile, kufiseleka ukuthi ukhule ngendlela yesitsha, ukuhlanza emakamelweni angafakwanga ebusika, noma kuhlinzeke indawo yokuhlala enhle yokutshala.

I-euonymus yaseJapan - i-Euonymus japonicus

I-Synonym - I-Pseudo Laurus. Ezasekhaya - Japan. Esigodini esingaphansi komhlaba kukhona i-shrub efinyelela kumamitha ayi-0,5 ukuphakama, emvelweni naseningizimu kukhona i-shrub noma i-liana kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-7. Amaqabunga angama-obovate, awaphansi kakhulu awamanqamu, ama-3-8 cm ubude, anesikhumba, aluhlaza okotshani, kwesinye isikhathi acwebezelayo kusuka ngaphezulu. , unqunu nhlangothi zombili. Ingaphezulu leqabunga limfushane noma liyindilinga. Izimbali ngoJuni, izimbali zinombala ophuzi ophuzi kufika ku-1 cm, isambulela sezingcezu eziyi-10-30 siqoqiwe kuma-inflorescence. Ibekezelela umthunzi oyinxenye. Ukumelana nokungcoliswa komoya. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa emasikweni angaphakathi. Isitshalo esifanelekayo segumbi elingajwayelekile elingaxutshiwe. Ekamelweni elinokushisa okuphakathi, angahle alahle amaqabunga ebusika. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa.

Kwesinye isikhathi ku-floriculture engaphakathi kukhona isihlahla sezimpande, ama-Euoaymus radicans, anamahlumela akhasa edinga ukwesekwa. Kukhona amafomu anamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshwe ngokuhlaza okotshani.

Izifo nezinambuzane ze-euonymus

Ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwalesi sihlahlana engadini, ngokusobala, kuyathikamezwa ngesici esisodwa esijabulisayo saso. Kokubili i-euonymus yaseYurophu kanye ne-warty yehlathi kudonsela izinambuzane kakhulu. IHawthorn, inundu le-apula, ama-aphid ahlukahlukene kanye nezinye izinambuzane ezinjengamabhungane esidlekayo namabhubesi akuthanda ngokukhethekile ukuhlalwa kwezihlahla emithini. Kuyathakazelisa lapho yonke into imbozwe ngama-cobwebs enezidleke zamacimbi ku-eugamaus otshalwe eduze kwezihlahla zezithelo, futhi ihlanzekile ngokuphelele emithini yama-apula ekhula eduzane. Ngakho-ke i-euonymus ingasetshenziselwa ukuvikela ingadi ezinambuzaneni, ikakhulukazi ngoba lesi sitshalo kulula ukusiphatha nganoma yisiphi isibulala-zinambuzane, singesabi ukulimaza isivuno.

Izihlangu: izihlahla ezinsundu ebusweni bamaqabunga neziqu, chitha ujusi weseli. Amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo, aphuzi, omile bese ewa.

Izindlela zokulawula: Fafaza isitshalo ngesixazululo se-Actellik esingu-0.15% (1-2 ml ngelitha lamanzi). Inkinga ukuthi kunzima nokususa ngesandla izilokazane emaqabungeni ama-euonymus.

Isikhala sesicabucabu - I-web spider ivela ema-internodes ku-stems, amaqabunga aba yi-lethargic bese awa.

Izindlela zokulawula: Sula isitshalo ngesiponji esinosokisi bese ugeza ngaphansi kweshawa efudumele. Kufafazwa njalo. Ngesilonda esinzima kakhulu, i-euonymus ingafafazwa ngesisombululo se-0.15% se -ellellic (1-2 ml ilitha lamanzi).

Phawula obomvu obucashile - inkathazo ngokwayo ayibonakali, kepha amachashazi akhanyayo avela emaqabungeni bese agoba. Amahlumela amancane athinteka ikakhulukazi.

Izindlela zokulawula: Susa amaqabunga alimile bese ufafaza isitshalo nganoma yisiphi isilwanyane.

Izihlahla ze-eucalyptus kudala zadonsela ukunakekela kwabalimi ngokungazithobi, ukubekezelela umthunzi nokuhlobisa. Imvamisa inesizotha, ekwindla iba muhle ngokungajwayelekile.