Ukugoqa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ngesigaba esisodwa esiyinkinga kakhulu sezitshalo zasengadini. Imidondoshiya ekhula ezitsheni ezinkulu iyintokozo futhi iqiniso aliyona wonke umuntu. Futhi isizathu salokhu i-banal: izitshalo ezinjalo zidinga ukunakekelwa nesikhathi, ehlobo - ukuchelela nsuku zonke. Futhi akuwona wonke umlimi onganikeza ukunakekelwa okunjalo. Futhi esinye sezingxenye ezinzima kakhulu kulokulima noma yiziphi izitshalo ze-tubular, kusobala, yisidingo sokulungiselela kwabo ubusika. Kungakhathaleki ukumelana nokubanda nokukhuthazela kwezitshalo ezithile, nguyena obizwa isiqinisekiso esiyinhloko sempilo nobuhle bezitshalo. Indlela ecatshangwe kahle kulungiselelwa okunjalo iyisiqinisekiso esingathenjelwa kakhulu sokuthi uzokwazi ukujabulela ubuhle be-exotic ngonyaka olandelayo.
Ukulungiselela izitshalo zasengadini ezibunjiwe nezishubhu ubusika.
Abasebenzi kufanele beze phambili ohlwini lwama-hassles engadini ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela amamaki esondele esibonelweni sezulu emasontweni ezayo. Futhi ukubambezela inqubo yokulungiselela ubusika, ukulinda isithwathwa uqobo, akukufanele. Amakhethini amaningi adalulwa ehlobo aya engadini, omabili kusuka kwinani lezitshalo ezijwayelekile zasengadini, futhi kusuka ezitshalweni zokugcina izithombo noma ezitolo zangaphakathi, azibekezeleli ukubambezeleka. Noma zibanda kakhulu kangangokuba zingakwazi 'ukwelula' futhi zinwebe isikhathi sensimu amasonto ambalwa, kuzodingeka ubhekane nokufakwa kweziqukathi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi imiqhele yezitshalo.
Vele, isikhathi eside ungashiya izitshalo emoyeni omusha, lapho bezenza lukhuni, kunciphisa ingozi yokuthi izinambuzane ziyohlala emaqabungeni. Kepha akekho ongakuqinisekisa ukuthi izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ngeke zibangele ukulimala okukhulu ezitshalweni uqobo. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi ezifundeni eziseningizimu efudumele empeleni kwehla kuphela ukuze kuvikeleke emakhazeni. Kepha emzileni ophakathi nendawo, isimo sezulu esibuhlungu sidinga izindlela ezinkulu kakhulu.
Ehlelweni lokulungiselela ubusika zonke izitshalo ze-tubing zisetshenziswa, kunezi zimiso ezimbili ezibalulekile - ukugcina isikhathi kanye nokuntuleka kwejubane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, aziphikisani. Izitshalo akwanele ukuletha egumbini ngesikhathi: zidinga ukulungiswa kancane kancane, isikhathi esifanele sonyaka, esinzima kunazo zonke kubo. Kokubili isikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika kanye nokugcinwa kwazo zonke izingxenye zale nqubo kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezitshalo, hhayi kuphela izici zazo ezinhle noma ikhono lokuqhakaza kuncike kuzo, kodwa amandla kanye okusinda ebusika.
Lapho kulungiswa ama-cadres engadi esikhathi sasebusika, izingxenye eziyisithupha eziyisithupha zingahlukaniswa:
- Isikhathi esifanele sokwethulwa kwezitshalo zamabhubhu kusuka engadini.
- Ukushisa ngalezo zitshalo ezizohlala engadini noma ebusika emoyeni.
- Abasebenzi abasebenza phansi
- Ukomisa ukoma lodaka nokubeka isitshalo endaweni ye-buffer.
- Ukukhethwa kwezimo nezindawo ubusika kuzo zonke izitshalo.
- Ukudluliselwa kwezitshalo kumbuso wobusika wokunakekelwa.
Ake sijwayelane nokuqonda ngakunye kwalawa “mabhulokhi” wokulungiselela izitshalo ze-tubal ebusika eduze.
Izitshalo zezimbiza engadini.
1. Isikhathi esifanele
Isikhathi sokungena kwabasebenzi ukunquma kahle akusebenzi. Ngonyaka ngamunye othize, izici zesimo sezulu zishintsha kakhulu isimo ngesinye isikhathi kakhulu. Ekwindla efudumele, ukungena kokushisa kungabambezeleka, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izitshalo zokuqala kuzodingeka zisuswe kakade eminyakeni eyishumi yesithathu ka-Agasti. Futhi ukuze ungenzi iphutha lesikhathi, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa isimo sezulu kanye nokubikezela: ngisho nokusongela okuzenzakalelayo kumele kubhekwe.
Indlela elula yokuhlonza lezo zitshalo ngokuhlanzwa ongeke ukwazi ukushesha. Onke amasiko angahlala ebusika evulekile esimweni sakho sezulu azokubekezelela ngokuphelele ukupholisa ngisho namabhubu. Lezi zinhlamvu ezingamelana nesithwathwa ezinama-perennials (ngokwesibonelo, i-pieris kanye nama-tulips), ne-maple eyenziwe ngesimo somuntu othize, nama-yews anama-magnolias, nezinye izitshalo ze-coniferous, ne-boxwood, izindlovu, amas bamboos. Kuyiqiniso, inani elilinganiselwe lomhlabathi lidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe, indawo yokukhosela, ukugoqwa, kepha izitshalo ezinjalo azesabi iziqandisi zokuqala futhi ungazishiya engadini kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lehlisa impela. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ngisho namashadi aqine kakhulu cishe awalokothi ashiye ebusika evulekile (lokhu kuyasebenza nasemaphayin, kwa-spruces, nakwezinye izitshalo "zethu" ezijwayelekile). Kepha uma kubanda kakhulu, ungamane unciphise ekushiseni. Kodwa ayivimbeli nezeqhwa, kepha izitshalo ezilwa namakhaza, kungcono ukubashiya ezivandeni isikhathi eside ukuze bazenze lukhuni, kufakwa ezitsheni ngendlela efanayo naseningizimu.
Kepha uma kungekho zinkambiso eziningi ezingamelana nokubanda, lapho-ke izinkakha zakudala, eziphakathi kwamazwe aseningizimu, e-thermophilic, namasiko angavamile, zibusa cishe kunoma yikuphi ukuqoqwa. Futhi ukukhetha isikhathi sokuvuna esifanele kubo ubusika kunzima kakhulu.
Okokuqala, ake sixoxe ngama-classics. I-Rosemary, i-laurel cherry, i-oleander, i-laurel, iminqumo ibekezelelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala zesithwathwa emaqabungeni. Babekezelela amazinga okushisa e-zero futhi babhekwa njengabantu abangamelana kakhulu nama-exotic.
Izitshalo zasendlini zemvelo ezishisayo, kunalokho, hlanza indlu kuqala, ngaphandle kokulinda ukufika kwamakhaza. I-Fuchsia, i-abutilon, i-ficus, i-dracaena, njll. Izilwane ezifuywayo kufanele ziyiswe ekhaya lapho kubikezelwa kuqala amazinga okushisa ebusuku ama-degree angama-5-7. Ukwehlisa ngaphansi kwe-10 degrees kungaba yingozi kubo.
Ama-Succulents, i-cacti ne-citrus, njengemivini yaseMedithera efana ne-bougainvillea, akhuthazeka nezikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lihlala ngokuqinile kuma-degrees angama-3-5 ebusuku. Kepha usadinga ukuzisusa ngaphambi kwesithwathwa.
Khumbula ukuthi isikhathi sokungena ekushiseni asihambelani nesikhathi sokuqala kwamalungiselelo ebusika. Ukuthumela izitshalo egumbini, ukulungiselela kufanele kuqalwe kusenesikhathi, kulandele izibikezelo bese kulungiswa izilimo kancane kancane. Zombili izinto zokugoqa namathiloli ezithuthi kufanele zibe seziseduze, futhi izitshalo kumele ngabe sezihloliwe futhi zime endaweni ephephile. Bese kuthi kwesithwathwa sokuqala esibandayo ungasabela ngokushesha bese ubangenise ngokushesha.
Ingadi yebhodwe yamakhambi abilayo.
2. Ukufakwa nokugoqwa
Okwenzelwe ishubhu engamelana nokubanda, ukufudumala kudlala indima yokunciphisela okuthile: ngokungafani nezitshalo ezikhula enhlabathini yengadi, amashubhu asezitsheni ezinomhlabathi ovalekile wevolumu elilinganiselwe, futhi, ngokufanele, ziqandisa kakhulu, futhi amakhaza abonakala kuwo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi lapho zonke ezinye izitshalo ziqala ukulungiswa ukuthwala nokuhlanzwa kusuka engadini, bopha izinto ezingavimbeli ukubamba futhi uzinikeze ithuba lokuhlala emoyeni omusha isikhathi eside.
Eqinisweni, ukugoqa kumane nje kugoqa amabhodwe ngezinto ezingakha ungqimba olufaka ukushisa ezungeze iziqukathi ezizovimba ukuthi isithwathwa sifinyelele emhlabathini. Kepha ungakhohlwa ngomunye umqondo obalulekile: uma izihlahlana nezihlahla zidinga ukufakelwa kuphela okukhanyayo, lapho-ke ama-herbaceous perennials, futhi nangaphezulu - abamele umndeni omkhulu wama-tuber-bulbous, ukuvikeleka kokungazweli kuyadingeka futhi.
Ukugoqa ama-perennials kunzima kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sifakwe ngokoqobo ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa zezinto zokumboza, sakha ungqimba lokufakwa komoya olomile. Kwizitshalo ezinama-herbaceous kanye nama-bulbs, ukugoqa kuvame ukuba nezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Bakhetha isitsha sesibili - sangaphandle - esikhulu lapho kuzokwazi ukubeka khona isitsha ngesitshalo uqobo. Amashubhu amakhulu, obhasikidi, namabhakethi amadala noma obhasikidi bangasebenza kule ndawo. Kepha ukuze zifeze umsebenzi wazo, izakhiwo ezingafudumali kakhulu ezivela ngaphakathi kufanele zifakwe kulayini ngezinto ezibonakalayo: isibonelo, amakhukhunathi kakhukhunathi noma amakethi.
- Indawo yokuma kwesitshalo ibekwe ngaphakathi kwesitsha sangaphandle, okuzoyivimbela ekuxhumaneni naphansi - iphallet, ipuleti, izitini, njll.
- Isitshalo sibekwe esitobhini.
- Isikhala samahhala phakathi kwezindonga sigcwaliswe ngotshani obomile noma amaqabunga, kwakha ungqimba lokufudumeza.
- Ukuhlinzekwa okwanele kokuphefumula okulungiselelwe kusengaphambili kwe-wrapper yokugcina, okwakhiwa kuphela ngokufika kwamafrimu asebusuku obuzinzile - spanbond, lutrasil, uboya. Ngosizo "lwefilimu" enjalo vikela izinhlobo ezihlala ziluhlaza ekushisweni.
Izihlahla nezihlahlana zezihlahla kulula kuzo ukukhosela, futhi kunezindlela eziningi ezengeziwe zokuhlala zazo:
- izitshalo zingafakwa ebhokisini, kubhavu noma esitsheni esikhulu, kufakwe ama-moss noma amaqabunga omile phakathi kwezindonga zeziqukathi;
- kusebenza kakhulu kokubili komoya oshisayo, futhi elangeni lasebusika, ukugoqa iziqukathi ngotshani noma ngemakethi womhlanga;
- amabhodwe angahlala embozwe nge-jute efudumele, i-burlap, indwangu endala ye-patchwork, inhlanganisela yezindwangu ezifudumele nezinto ezingasuki, ukugoqa okulula kwe-bubble.
Into esemqoka ukuhlinzeka ngokwahlukana nenhlabathi noma ingaphezulu lethrekhi kanye nesiteji ngokubeka isitshalo endaweni yokuma, kanye nokufaka ithangi, ukusivikela emoyeni.
Okunye ukukhosela kwe-tubal kuzodinga hhayi kuphela i-rhizome esitsheni, kodwa kanye nomqhele. Ama-evergreens, ikakhulukazi ama-conifers, asaba kakhulu ukushiswa yilanga, okubi kakhulu hhayi phakathi, kodwa futhi nokulindela ubusika. Noma ngabe kamuva uyithwala, kungcono uthathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe lapho ubekwa ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga. Ukukhosela okunjalo kufanele kube lula - kusuka kunoma iyiphi indwangu engalukwanga noma noboya.
Songa izitshalo ezimbiwa nge-burlap3. Ukusika nokuhlanza induku
Umkhuba wokuzihlanza ngaphambi kokushisa kwezitshalo zamabhubhu: ukususa amahlumela owomile, ukwakha izihlahla, ukukhipha amaqabunga - akuhlobene ngokuphelele nazo zonke izitshalo. Ezilimeni ezivele zidlulela esigabeni esishisayo, izihlahla ziyinto ebuhlungu futhi zikhulisa ubungozi bokuthola izifo kanye nezinambuzane. Ukuchetywa kwamakhadinali kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kulungiselelwa ubusika.
Ukuze uvikele iphutha ngeshwa futhi ungabhubhisi wonke umsebenzi endaweni eyodwa ewile ye-swoop ye-shears engadini, yenza umthetho: nquma kuphela lokho okudingeka ngempela ukusikwa. Lolu hlu, yiqiniso, lubandakanya amahlumela owonakalisiwe noma onesifo, amagatsha omile, amahlumela aqinile, kanye neziswebhu ezinkulu zemivini noma zezitshalo ezisakazayo ezidinga indawo eningi. Lokhu akusebenzi kwezihlahla zesundu: zidinga ukushiya ngisho lawo makhasi ayoma. Ukwakheka, ukuvuselelwa kabusha noma ukuvusa izimbali kwenziwa kuphela kulezozitshalo ezidinga ukuthenwa ekwindla. Isibonelo, ipheya lamagatsha amadala lisikiwe kwi-oleander. Kepha kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza ukwakheka kwesizini yokuqala, lapho izitshalo zilungiselela ukubuyiselwa engadini futhi zisanda kuqala ukukhula.
Kepha izindlela zokulungiselela izitshalo ubusika azikhawulwanga ekutheneni (noma ukuntuleka kwazo). Izitshalo kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela okungenani isonto ngaphambi kokudluliselwa okuhlosiwe ekushiseni. Ngokwesibonakaliso esincane kakhulu sesifo noma ukulimala kwezinambuzane, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulawula ngokushesha futhi akunakuphikwa ukuthi isiko elinegciwane libekwa endaweni efanayo nabanye. Ukuhlolwa kwe-underside yamaqabunga, amahlumela azovikela ukutheleleka kwalo lonke ukuqoqwa kwezitshalo ubusika ezimweni ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kokuqapha, izinyathelo zokuhlanzeka ezigunyaziwe zifaka ezinye izinyathelo:
- Yonke imfucumfucu kufanele iqoqwe ngokucophelela kusuka ebusweni be-substrate, futhi amaqabunga omile namahlumela kufanele asuswe esihlokweni uqobo.
- Hlola amaphallet nangaphandle kweziqukathi bese ukuwageza ngokuphelele ngangokunokwenzeka: inhlabathi esele nezinsalela zingaba ngumthombo wamagciwane.
Ungakhohlwa ngokulungiswa kokunakekelwa. Izitshalo zidinga ukudluliselwa ngaphambi kokunisela okuncane, kancane kancane zikhulisa isikhathi phakathi kwalezi zinqubo futhi zinciphise umswakama wethambo lobumba. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukubhala amanzi kuyingozi enkulu. Kodwa imodi yezisebenzi ingashintshelwa kumodi eyomile kuphela ngaphambi kokudluliselwa kwabo ekushiseni, endaweni eyi-buffer, futhi lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ezitshalweni zobusika ezibandayo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kumiswe emavikini ambalwa, futhi mhlawumbe inyanga ngaphambi kokungena egumbini.
Ama-Hydrangeas akhule ezimbizeni.
4. Isikhathi sesikhashana
Noma yisiphi isitshalo, noma ngabe sisuswa kusuka engadini ebandayo siyisa egumbini elingaphansi elibandayo, alikwazi ukubekwa nje enqoleni futhi luhlelwe kabusha endaweni entsha lapho kuvela iqhwa. Zidinga ukuguqulwa kancane kancane - zisuswe ngaphambi kwendawo endaweni yokushisa, zivikelwe emvula nasemoyeni, lapho isitshalo singagcina sesomile (amaqabunga amanzi noma amahlumela - enye yezici eziyingozi kakhulu zezitshalo zohlaka ebusika), lapho ungagcina usomile khona isigaxa sobumba bese usungula Imodi "yobusika" yokunisela ayivelakancane. Isizinda se-buffer sizonikeza elinye ithuba lokuqaphela izinkinga esitshalweni, sinciphise isici sokucindezela futhi sikuvumele ukuthi udlulise izitshalo ngobumnene kwimodi entsha.
Akunemigomo ethile yokuhlala endaweni ephakathi. Izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto zingaba isikhathi eside, uma isimo sezulu sivuma. Kepha udinga ukuletha izitshalo ezakhiweni kuphela emva kokuguga okuphakathi nendawo endaweni evikelekile.
5. Izikhungo zobusika
Umsebenzi oyinhloko lapho ukhetha indawo ebusika ukuthi udale ukudala izimo ezingekho engadini, okungukuthi, ukuvikela isithwathwa. Igumbi lapho amagumbi okusebenzela khona efihliwe akufanele kube yiqhwa. Futhi yile ipharamitha yakhe eyinhloko. Kepha ukuthi kubanda noma kufudumele kangakanani, noma ngabe izitshalo zidinga ukukhanyiswa noma zingafakwa ebumnyameni ngokuphelele kungomunye umbuzo.
Umthetho onokwethenjelwa kakhulu wokukhetha izimo zobusika bamakhosela uthi: Izitshalo ezingalambi ngamakhaza, ezithwalwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nazo zidinga ubusika obandayo. Izinga lokushisa elingu-3 kuya ku-5 degrees libahle. Ngokufanelekile, ama-exotic aseningizimu, ubuhle obukhulu kanye nalawo masiko angesabi isithwathwa, kodwa ngenxa yokupholisa kakhulu, ubusika ezimweni ezihluke kakhulu - emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu (awazidingi njalo izimo zekamelo, kodwa amazinga okushisa angaba ngamazinga ayi-10-15 abhekelwa (umkhawulo ophansi). Imvamisa, izitshalo ezinjalo zithwalwa ziye engadini ebusika noma ezindaweni zokuhlala (ukuzama ukukhetha amakamelo ebanda kunazo zonke endlini). Kulabo abathanda ukuphola okuhlobene kungokwazo zonke izitshalo zaseMedithera. Kepha kunezitshalo ezithanda ubusika emazingeni okushisa ayi-18 kuye kwangama-24 degrees - abutilon, hibiscus, banana. Ukuze ungenzi iphutha lokushisa, bhala amagama ezitshalo kumakhadi, bese uwahlela aba ngamaqembu ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa olifunayo.
Ngokukhanyisa, yonke into ilula kakhulu: uma isitshalo sigcina amaqabunga, kusho ukuthi sidinga ukukhanya nokugqamile egumbini, okungcono. Kuphela izihlahlana eziqatha nezihlahla zezihlahla ebusika. Futhi kunenkinga eyodwa eyengeziwe: lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, likhulu isidingo sokukhanya. Indawo ekhanyayo ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezifudumele futhi lapho kungenakwenzeka kalula ukuhlela ubusika obumnandi.
Indawo eyintandokazi yohlaka lobusika, ekhethwe abalimi abaningi igalaji. Kepha akayena kuphela inketho. Abasebenzi bangabusika ebangeni lezitebhisi, ezindlini zokugcina impahla, ezindlu zokugcina izithombo, ezitolo zokugcina amanzi, ezindlu zokugcina izithombo nezindawo zokushisa ezishisayo, ngisho nasemakamelweni okuhlala, iveranda, ihholo, i-balcony efakiwe noma i-loggia.
Ukukhetha indawo kufanele futhi kufake ukuhleleka. Ngaphambi kokuhambisa izitshalo, udinga ukuhlanza, ususe uthuli, uqongelele ukungcola, ungene egumbini. Akufanele ubeke izitshalo endaweni lapho kunokuphazamiseka khona: azilula ukuthwala nokuhambisa, futhi ngezithiyo ezingadingekile kuzoba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukubhekana nomsebenzi wokuletha nokungena.Cabanga ngezinyathelo zokuvikela ngokumelene namagundane, ikakhulukazi uma izitshalo zigcinwa endaweni efanayo nezinsimbi noma izinto zokutshala.
Izitshalo zezimbiza engadini.
6. Ukunakekelwa kwasebusika
Ukugcina inhlanzeko, ukuhleleka nokuhlanzeka kuyinjongo esemqoka kuyo yonke inkathi yezitshalo. Ngisho nangendlela eqikelela ngokucophelela yokuthena kanye nezinyathelo zokuthathwa kwenhlanzeko ezithathiwe, amaqabunga omile asazobonakala, aqoqana esakhiweni esingaphansi komqhele, emqheleni noma noma phansi. Futhi udinga ukuzisusa ngokushesha, ukuqoqa ngokushesha. Kuyasiza ukukwenza umthetho wokubheka amarekhodi abasebenzi ebusika kaningi njengezilimo ezigciniwe noma ama-bulb asimbiwe. Ukuqapha kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokushesha izimpawu zokuqala zezinambuzane noma izifo. Lapho uhlolwa ezitshalweni ezicebisayo, hlola ngokucophelela amahlumela, nakulezo ezinamahlamvu agcinayo - ama-underside nama-petioles. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi unika izakhiwo zonke indawo: ukufinyelela komoya ohlanzekile kungukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu nezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokugcina izinga lokushisa elipholile.
Ikakhulu ngokucophelela udinga ukusondela ukuthambisa. Noma ubusika busefudumele lamashubhu angaphakathi ahlanganisa umsebenzi wasengadini nombukiso wasebusika ingaphakathi, ukuchelela kudingeka kwenziwe ngokucophelela nangokucophelela, kugxile kumswakama wesisekelo esidingwa izitshalo, hhayi ebangeni elithile lezinqubo. Kuwo wonke amakhadi ngaphandle kokukhetha, owachitha ihlobo engadini, umswakama kufanele wehliswe futhi ukugcotshwa kwamanzi kufanele kugwenywe. Izitshalo zasebusika kumakhaza ziniselwa ngokwangempela ukuze zilondoloze ukusebenza ngenani elincane lamanzi. Ukufaka umquba wokufaka ishubhu engadini akwenziwa.
